genitourinary system Flashcards
what are the functions of the female reproductive system ?
sexual activity
menstruation
reproduction and pregnancy
menopause
development - production of sex hormones
what are the functions of ovaries ?
releases eggs
produces hormones
what are immature eggs called ?
oocytes
At puberty, these eggs mature and once a month, the ovary will release an egg in what is known as ????????
ovulation
If the egg is fertilised by sperm, pregnancy is possible. If no fertilisation occurs, the female has a period – this is known as ??????
menstruation
where does the fallopian tube connect ?
ovaries to the uterus
what does fallopian tube do ?
carry egg to the uterus
how long does it take for the egg to travel from ovary to the uterus ?
7 days
where does fertilisation occur ?
fallopian tube
Sometimes, a fertilised egg can implant in other areas – this is known as a ???
ectopic pregnancy
what are the three layers of the uterus ?
endometrium- inner layer
myometrium - middle layer made up of muscle
perimetrium - outside layer
after ovulation which part of uterus thickens ?
endometrium
what part of the uterus breaks down if the egg isn’t fertilised ?
endometrium
what are the function of the male reproductive system ?
produce sex hormones
produce sperm and semen
what holds the testes in place ?
spermatic cord
where is sperm moved from in sexual arousal ?
epididymis to vas deferens
where does the prostate gland sit ?
rests below the bladder in front of rectum
what is oogenesis ?
refers to process of processing eggs in females
when does first stage of oogenesis occur ?
embryonic development ( around 7 weeks gestation )
when does second stage of oogenesis occur ?
occurs around puberty
where does oogenesis occur ?
outermost layers of ovaries
what is spermatogenesis ?
process of sperm development
where does spermatogenesis take place ?
in testes
what is the process of where spermatids transform into mature spermatozoa ?
spermiogenesis
what are some cardiovascular changes that occur during pregnancy ?
peripheral vasodilation to meet demands for growing foetus allowing optimum nutrience
blood pressure lower than normal in first two trimesters and normal in the third
what are some respiratory changes during pregnancy ?
tidal volume increase by 200 ml
increase o2 demand caused by increase o2 consumption and increased metabolic rate
what are some GI changes during pregnancy ?
-nausea and vomiting in early stages of pregnancy
- constipation is common
