Respiratory Physiology - Control of Ventilation - Acid base balance Flashcards
What is acid based balance controlled by?
renal and respiratory system
What is acid based balance?
controlling the pH of extracellular fluid
What is the normal pH of extracellular fluid?
pH 7.4
What do the peripheral chemoR respond to?
increasing plasma [H+], often originating from CO2 also plasma.
What happens to [H+], when plasma pH falls?
[H+] increases
simulating ventilation
What happens when there is an increase of [H+] in the plasma?
increase in ventilation
Describe the relationship between ventilation and plasma [H+] (graph)
linear
What happens when ventilation increases?
acidosis ([H+] increases)
What happens when plasma hydrogen ion concentration decreases?
increase in pH
What happens when to ventilation when hydrogen ion conc falls?
inhibition of ventilation
How would you describe a fall in hydrogen ion conc?
alkalosis
What is the relationship between the ventilation and plasma hydrogen ion concentration?
a change in the hydrogen ion conc of plasma will chnage ventilation
Wy does ventilation change when hydrogen ion conc changes?
try and restore the normal hydrogen ion conc
What is metabolic acidosis?
increase in hydrogen ion conc in plasma for a reason that is not a change in respiratory function
What would cause an increase in hydrogen ion concentration in plasma?
What receptors would be stimulated
lactic acid production
stimulate peripheral chemoR
When metabolic acidosis occurs, and you increase ventilation, what way will the line of the graph move?
move to left
How does increasing ventilation decrease hydrogen ion conc?
drives the equation to the left and blow off more CO2, and reduce H+ conc.
negative feedback loop
Why would you want to inhibit ventilation when hydrogen ion ocnc falls?
retain CO2 and drive equation to the right and increase hydrogen ion conc and compensate for the fall in plasma hydrogen ion conc
What is respiratory alkilosis?
increasing ventilation (hyperventilate)
blow off CO2 and move equation to the left and reduce the H+ plasma
What do most respiratory disease arise from?
decreased ventilation
What is respiratory acidosis?
decreased ventilation, retain CO2, drive equation to the right and build up of H+ in the plasma and acidosis
What is the equation of CO2 to H+?
Is CO2 capable of changing ECF pH?
yes
Does hypoventilation retain of blow off CO2?
CO2 retention
Does hyperventilation blow off or retain CO2?
CO2 blow off
What does this equation tell you?
pH is proportionate to bicarbonate and CO2
What is HCO3 controlled by?
kindneys
What is CO2 managed by?
lungs
What is the equation for acid based balance?
In this equation, what happens if CO2 increases?
pH decreases
acidic
In this equation, what happens if HCO3 increases?
pH increases
more alkaline
