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BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences > Histology of epithelium > Flashcards

Histology of epithelium Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Name components A-I in this diagram

A
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2
Q

What is the role of the capillary/blood vessel in the connective tissue?

A

diffusion of nutrients from underlying connective tissue layer

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3
Q

Why do we need junctional complexes between epithelial cells?

A

there is little intercellular substances, require gap junctions for cell to cell communication

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4
Q

Where do epithelial cell need to stick to?

A

adjacent cells and the basement membrane

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5
Q

What is the apical and basal side of the epithelium?

A

apical (surface)
basal (basement)

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6
Q

What are the 3 junctions located in the epithelium, communicating 2 epithelial cells?

A

tight junctions
adherens junctions
gap junctions

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7
Q

What is the intermediate filaments connecting epithelial cells together?

A

desmosome

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8
Q

What is the intermediate filament connecting the epithelial cells to the basal lamina?

A

hemidesmosome

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9
Q

What is this an example of?

A

tight junction

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10
Q

What is this an example of?

A

adherens junction

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11
Q

What is this an example of?

A

gap junction

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12
Q

What is this an example of?

A

hemidesmosome and desmosome

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13
Q

What are the 2 basic classifications of epithelium based on number of layers?

A

Simple - 1 layer
Stratified - made of many layers

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14
Q

What are the different cell shapes?

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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15
Q

Name cell shapes is A-C

A
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16
Q

Classify epitheliums A-D

A
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17
Q

What is the structure of squamous epithelium?

A

single layer of flattened cells

18
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

A

ideal where diffusion/filtration are needed

No protective function

19
Q

Where is the simple squamous epithelium located?

A
  • Inner lining of the heart and vascular tubes
    -Lining of body cavities (serous layer – pleura, pericardium, peritoneum)
  • Kidney glomeruli
20
Q

What is the structure of the simple cuboidal epithelium?

A
  • Single layer of cube like cells
  • Round central nucleus
21
Q

What epithelium classification is shown?

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

22
Q

What is the function of the simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

secretion
absorption

23
Q

Where is the simple cuboidal epithelium located?

A

Kidney tubules
Small glands– secretory portion and ducts

24
Q

What epithelium is this and what is the arrow pointing to?

A

Collecting tubule of kidney showing simple cuboidal epithelium

25
Q

What epithelium classification is shown in by the arrows?

A

simple columnar epithelium

26
Q

What is the structure of the simple columnar epithelium?

A
  • Tall cells in single layer
  • Free surface may have surface modifications – microvilli, cilia
27
Q

What is the function of the simple columnar epithelium?

A

Secretion
Absorption
Propelling mucus

28
Q

Where is the simple columnar epithelium located?

A

Non-ciliated variety:

Digestive tract
Ducts of large glands

29
Q

What is arrows at ‘A’ pointing to?

A
30
Q

What classification of epithelium do these images show?

A

Pseudostratified (ciliated) epithelium in respiratory passages

pseudostratified epithelium

31
Q

What is the structure f the pseudostratified epithelium?

A
  • Single layer of columnar cells of different heights
  • Gives false appearance of more than 1 layer of cells
  • Is always ciliated
32
Q

What is the function of the pseudostratified epithelium?

A

Propulsion of mucus
Secretion of mucus
Helps in clearing surface of debris

33
Q

Where is the pseudostratified epithelium located?

A

Respiratory conducting passages ie. from trachea all the way down to respiratory bronchioles

34
Q

What epithelial classification does the image show?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

SKIN- KERATINISED

35
Q

What are the 2 types of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

keratinised and non-keratinised

36
Q

What is the epithelium classification shown here?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

OESOPHAGUS - NOKERATINISED

37
Q

What is the structure of the stratified squamous epithelium?

A
  • Multiple layer of cells
  • Basal layer cuboidal/columnar lies on basement membrane, metabolically active.
  • Cells on surface flattened
  • May be dead cells (keratinised epithelium)
38
Q

What is the function of the stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Protection from abrasion, dessication, waterproofing

39
Q

Where is stratified squamous epithelium locacted?

A
  • Skin (keratinised)
  • Oesophagus (nonkeratinized)
  • Lining of vagina (nonkeratinized)
40
Q
A

BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences (37 decks)

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