Histology and Physiology of Muscles and Nerves - Cardiac and Smooth Flashcards
What muscle type is shown here?
cardiac
striated and involuntary
What muscle type is shown here?
smooth
unstriated
involuntary
What is the location of nuclei in cardiac muscle?
central
Are cardiac cell long or short?
Long cylindrical cells, branching
Describe the features of cardiac muscle
Long cylindrical cells, branching
Central nuclei
Relatively large intercellular spaces (many BVs)
What are 2 features of the cardiac smooth muscle contraction?
System of T tubules & sarcoplasmic reticulum – similar to skeletal muscle
T tubules ramify through out the cardiac muscle cytoplasm
What is syncytium?
Intercalated discs permit extremely rapid spread of contraction stimuli from one cell to another
What are distinct features of cardiac muscle? (9)
Cardiac muscle cells are mononuclear, much shorter than skeletal muscle cell
No stem cells (satellite cells) like skeletal muscle
No capacity for regeneration
Longer period of Ischaemia (lack of blood) produce irreversible damage
Intercalated discs are unique to cardiac muscle
Contractile apparatus are embedded in abundant cytoplasm & rich mitochondria
T – tubule has wider lumen
Prolonged duration of action potential
Ability to contract & relax spontaneously
What shape of cell does smooth muscle have?
spindle shaped cells with tapered ends
What is shorter, smooth or skeletal?
smooth is shorter
What is the position of the nuclei in smooth muscle?
centrally placed nucleus
How would you describe the branching of fasculli in smooth muscle?
irregular
What type of muscles contractile proteins are not arranged in myofibrils?
smooth
What type of muscle is shown?
smooth
How are the contractile proteins of smooth muscle arranged?
crisscross each other and are inserted into the cell membrane and cytoplasm (anchoring points – focal densities)
Name structures A-D of a neuron
