Histology of Glands Flashcards
What are the uncommon epithelial types?
stratified cuboidal and stratified columnar
Where are stratified columnar and stratified cuboidal located?
Found in ducts of large glands
eg: sweat glands, mammary glands, salivary glands
What is an example of a stratified cuboidal gland?
sweat gland
What does D represent?
Ducts
What is the size of glands?
-Sizes of glands vary:
- Single cell (goblet cell secreting mucus)
- Small microscopic gland (sweat)
- Large organ (liver)
What are the 2 categories of glands?
secretory
exocrine
What are the 2 types of secretory gland?
exocrine
endocrine
Do exocrine gland have ducts?
YES e.g. salivary glands
What is an example of an exocrine gland?
salivary
Do endocrine gland have ducts?
NO
What is an example of an endocrine gland?
thyroid
Compare a duct and a gland
- Duct refers to a tube-like structure that carries fluids, such as blood, urine, or digestive juices, from one place to another within the body.
- Gland, on the other hand, is an organ that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones, enzymes, or sweat, either into the bloodstream or onto a surface of the body.
What are 2 components of the exocrine glands?
- secretory component
- duct
What are the 3 modes of secretion of the exocrine glands?
- eccrine / merocrine
- Apocrine
- Holocrine
Describe Eccrine / merocrine secretion and an example
secretion occurs by exocytosis
Eg: salivary glands
Describe Apocrine secretion and an example
– membrane bound vesicle leaves cell
Eg: mammary gland
Describe holocrine secretion and an example
– cell membrane disintegrates to release secretion
Eg: sebaceous glands
Describe the morphology of salivary glands
Parotid, submandibular and sublingual; all are tubulo-acinar
What type of secretion do salivary glands use?
all eccrine
Describe the secretion that salivary glands secrete
Combinations of serous (watery) and mucous (sticky) secreting cells in gland
What type of gland is a salivary gland?
exocrine
Describe the salivary glands
The salivary glands in many vertebrates including mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts.
How many paired salivary glands do humans have?
3
How many minor salivary glands do humans have?
hundreds
What are the 3 classifications of salivary glands?
Parotid, submandibular and sublingual
What are names of the minor salivary glands?
lingual, labial, buccal, molar, palatine
What is the parotid?
one of the major salivary glands in humans
Describe the parotid gland
Multi-lobulated
Mainly dark staining serous cells
Watery secretions
What salivary gland is this an image of?
parotid
Describe the submandibular gland
- Large ducts present
- Mixture of light staining mucous cells and dark staining serous cells as well as discrete examples of each
- Sticky and watery secretions
What salivary gland is this an image of?
submandibular
Describe the sublingual salivary gland
Large ducts present
Mainly light staining mucous cells
Sticky secretions
What salivary gland is shown
sublingual
Where would you find the submandibular duct?
ducts under the tongue
Where would you find the parotid salivary duct?
ducts drain near the upper teeth
Where would you find the sublingual duct?
through many ducts in the floor of the mouth
What gland is shown here?
Sublingual – Note pale staining mucus cells; mixed gland - predominantly mucous
What salivary gland is shown here?
Note dark staining serous cells; completely serous gland
(D = Duct, SA = Serous Acini) parotid
What salivary gland is shown here?
Note mixed serous/mucous acini = serous demilunes; (Serous means watery/enzymic) - submandibular
Name this gland shape
simple or tubular
Name this gland shape
coiled
Name this gland shape
Acinar
Name this gland shape
Branched
Describe this gland shape
Tubulo-acinar
e.g. salivary glands
