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BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences > Histology of Glands > Flashcards

Histology of Glands Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are the uncommon epithelial types?

A

stratified cuboidal and stratified columnar

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2
Q

Where are stratified columnar and stratified cuboidal located?

A

Found in ducts of large glands
eg: sweat glands, mammary glands, salivary glands

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3
Q

What is an example of a stratified cuboidal gland?

A

sweat gland

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4
Q

What does D represent?

A

Ducts

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5
Q

What is the size of glands?

A

-Sizes of glands vary:

  • Single cell (goblet cell secreting mucus)
  • Small microscopic gland (sweat)
  • Large organ (liver)
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6
Q

What are the 2 categories of glands?

A

secretory
exocrine

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of secretory gland?

A

exocrine
endocrine

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8
Q

Do exocrine gland have ducts?

A

YES e.g. salivary glands

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9
Q

What is an example of an exocrine gland?

A

salivary

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10
Q

Do endocrine gland have ducts?

A

NO

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11
Q

What is an example of an endocrine gland?

A

thyroid

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12
Q

Compare a duct and a gland

A
  • Duct refers to a tube-like structure that carries fluids, such as blood, urine, or digestive juices, from one place to another within the body.
  • Gland, on the other hand, is an organ that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones, enzymes, or sweat, either into the bloodstream or onto a surface of the body.
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13
Q

What are 2 components of the exocrine glands?

A
  1. secretory component
  2. duct
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14
Q

What are the 3 modes of secretion of the exocrine glands?

A
  1. eccrine / merocrine
  2. Apocrine
  3. Holocrine
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15
Q

Describe Eccrine / merocrine secretion and an example

A

secretion occurs by exocytosis
Eg: salivary glands

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16
Q

Describe Apocrine secretion and an example

A

– membrane bound vesicle leaves cell
Eg: mammary gland

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17
Q

Describe holocrine secretion and an example

A

– cell membrane disintegrates to release secretion
Eg: sebaceous glands

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18
Q

Describe the morphology of salivary glands

A

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual; all are tubulo-acinar

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19
Q

What type of secretion do salivary glands use?

A

all eccrine

20
Q

Describe the secretion that salivary glands secrete

A

Combinations of serous (watery) and mucous (sticky) secreting cells in gland

21
Q

What type of gland is a salivary gland?

A

exocrine

22
Q

Describe the salivary glands

A

The salivary glands in many vertebrates including mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts.

23
Q

How many paired salivary glands do humans have?

A

3

24
Q

How many minor salivary glands do humans have?

A

hundreds

25
Q

What are the 3 classifications of salivary glands?

A

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

26
Q

What are names of the minor salivary glands?

A

lingual, labial, buccal, molar, palatine

27
Q

What is the parotid?

A

one of the major salivary glands in humans

28
Q

Describe the parotid gland

A

Multi-lobulated
Mainly dark staining serous cells
Watery secretions

29
Q

What salivary gland is this an image of?

A

parotid

30
Q

Describe the submandibular gland

A
  • Large ducts present
  • Mixture of light staining mucous cells and dark staining serous cells as well as discrete examples of each
  • Sticky and watery secretions
31
Q

What salivary gland is this an image of?

A

submandibular

32
Q

Describe the sublingual salivary gland

A

Large ducts present
Mainly light staining mucous cells
Sticky secretions

33
Q

What salivary gland is shown

A

sublingual

34
Q

Where would you find the submandibular duct?

A

ducts under the tongue

35
Q

Where would you find the parotid salivary duct?

A

ducts drain near the upper teeth

36
Q

Where would you find the sublingual duct?

A

through many ducts in the floor of the mouth

37
Q

What gland is shown here?

A

Sublingual – Note pale staining mucus cells; mixed gland - predominantly mucous

38
Q

What salivary gland is shown here?

A

Note dark staining serous cells; completely serous gland

(D = Duct, SA = Serous Acini) parotid

39
Q

What salivary gland is shown here?

A

Note mixed serous/mucous acini = serous demilunes; (Serous means watery/enzymic) - submandibular

40
Q

Name this gland shape

A

simple or tubular

41
Q

Name this gland shape

A

coiled

42
Q

Name this gland shape

A

Acinar

43
Q

Name this gland shape

A

Branched

44
Q

Describe this gland shape

A

Tubulo-acinar
e.g. salivary glands

45
Q
A

BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences (37 decks)

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