Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences > Respiratory Physiology (1) > Flashcards

Respiratory Physiology (1) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Wha are the functions of the respiratory system?

A

• Gasexchange–Oxygenaddedtothebloodfromtheair, carbon dioxide removed from the blood into the air.
• Acidbasebalance–regulationofbodypH(seerenal lectures)
• Protectionfrominfection Loading…
• Communicationviaspeech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is profusion?

A

Blood flow through the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is gas exchange important?

A

Need to produce energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does breathing produce energy?

A

Do this by burning oxygen, produce carbon dioxide as a waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is acid base balance?

A

Regulation of extra cellular fluid and body pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does the respiratory system protect from infection?

A

Lined with immune cells, lymphoid cells and has a very immune component.

One of the first points which the body comes in contact with eternal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do you speak on inspiration or expiration?

A

Expiration

Control the air at which air leaves the lungs and crosses the vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most important function of respiratory system?

A

• Gasexchange–Oxygenaddedtothebloodfromtheair, carbon dioxide removed from the blood into the air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is carbon dioxide toxic?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is fuel stored in tissues?

A

Chemical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do we want to convert chemical energy to?

A

To physical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 distinct circulatory systems?

A

Systemic circulation

Pulmonary circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the systemic veins carry?

A

Carry blood rich in CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cellular/internal respiration?

A

biochemical process that releases energy from glucose either via Glycolysis or Oxidative Phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of phosphorylation do most cells rely on?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

More than glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is external respiration?

A

movement of gases between the air and the body’s cells, via both the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type f respiration will we focus on in these lectures?

A

External respiration

Bulk movement of gas from the environment to the peripheral tissues, back to the lungs via systemic and respiratory circulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does increased energy demand by working muscle lead to?

A

Increase Rate & Depth of Breathing.
Speeds up:
• Substrate (O2) acquisition
• Waste disposal (CO2)

And

Increased HR and force of contraction

Speeds up: substrate delivery to muscle via blood
Waste removal via blood

19
Q

Do the Increased rate and depth of breathing match the HR and force of contraction in healthy individuals?

A

Yes

Both are needed

Intimaterelationshipbetweenthecardiovascularand respiratory systems.

20
Q

What is more soluble oxygen or CO2?

A

CO2

21
Q

What has a higher partial pressure in the lungs, CO2 or O2?

A

O2

22
Q

What is the net volume gas exchange in the lungs equal to??

A

Net volume exchanged in the tissues

23
Q

What makes up the ‘upper respiratory tract’?

A

Larynx and bone

24
Q

What forms the lower respiratory system?

A

Below larynx

25
Q

Where do the vocal cords reside?

A

Larynx

26
Q

What flap or cartilage sits on top of the larynx?

A

Epiglottis

27
Q
A
28
Q

What structure does gas exchange occur?

A

Alveoli

29
Q

What counts for around 70% of respiratory inspiration?

A

Diaphragm

30
Q
A

Pleural sac

31
Q

What primary bronchi is straight down?

A

Right bronchi

Straight trajectory down

32
Q

What is the conducting zone?

A

Until alveoli

33
Q

What is the respiratory zone?

A

Alveoli

34
Q

Where is resistance greatest?

A

Upper airways

Less in the lower

35
Q

Why does the alveoli have less resistance?

A

Greater cross sectional area in the alveoli

Upper airways funnel towards the lower alveoli

I.e each time you join a wider road = busier and more connection. This is like the trachea. = more resistance.

36
Q

What is a lung lobule?

A

the lung unit distal to the respiratory bronchioles.

37
Q

What covers the uter surface of alveoli?

A

Elastic fibres

38
Q

Why are the elastic fibre important on alveoli?

A

Allow alveoli to expand

And passive elastic recoil drug expiration

39
Q

What cell makes the alveoli?

A

Type 1 alveolar cells

40
Q

What cells lie in between alveolar type 1 cells and what is their role?

A

Alveolar type 2 cells

Produce surfactant

41
Q

What do the alveolar type 1 cells lie next to?

A

Blood vessels

Maximise gas exchange

42
Q

What is the anatomical dead space in the lungs?

A

Influence how much air gets down to alveoli

43
Q

Where is alveolar dead space located?

A

The conducting zone of the airways consists of the trachea, bronchi (highest points of resistance to air flow), and bronchioles. Air in these airways is referred to as Anatomical Dead Space as it does not participate in gas exchange as the walls of the airways are too thick.

BDS2 Applied Medical Sciences (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions