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Fundamentals of Botany > Reproductive Structures Pt. 2 > Flashcards

Reproductive Structures Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Protective structures that reduce evaporation of wfater

A

seed coat

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2
Q

Protect from attack of fungi and insects

A

seed coat

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3
Q

Often render seed resistant to unfavorable external temperatures and mechanical forces

A

seed coat

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4
Q

region of the seed coat

A

testa
tegmen

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5
Q

the outer, thicker usually hard covering of the seed

A

testa

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6
Q

miniature plant of the seed, most important part of the seed

A

embryo

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7
Q

part of the embryo

A

cotyledon
epicotyl
hypocotyl

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8
Q

food storage organs which digest and absorbs food from the endosperm

A

cotyledon

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9
Q

portion above the point of attachment of the cotyledons, which becomes the shoot system upon germination

A

epicotyl

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10
Q

portion below the point of attachment of the cotyledons; which becomes the root system upon germination;

A

hypocotyl

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11
Q

growing tip of the seed

A

radicle

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12
Q

nutritive tissue formed within the embryo sac of seed plants

A

endosperm

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13
Q

Often consumed as the seed germinates and matures

A

endosperm

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14
Q

Have 3n chromosome number

A

endosperm

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15
Q

what is formed from the fusion of three nuclei in endosperm

A

2 polar nuclei and a sperm nucleus

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16
Q

Stores starch, proteins, and oils as food

A

endosperm

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17
Q

what happens to the embryo in seed germination

A

swells

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18
Q

what happens to the seed coat in seed germination

A

ruptures

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19
Q

what is the first to emerge in seed germination

A

radicle

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20
Q

what emerges next after the radicle

A

epicotyl

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21
Q

what can happen to the cotyledon when a seed germinates

A

remain in the soil
or carried upward by the epicotyl

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22
Q

may persist on the seedling and become green leaf-like food making organs or may wither and fall shortly after germination when the reserved food are depleted

A

cotyledon

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23
Q

label the monocot seed germination

A

grade your score accordingly

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24
Q

label the dicot seed germination

A

grade your score accordingly

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25
Q

external factors required for germination

A

temperature
moisture
oxygen
food supply
light
soil acidity
carbon dioxide

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26
Q

internal factors required for germination

A

hormones
completion of dormancy
amount of stored food
viability

27
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: vascular cylinder is at the core of the root

A

dicot

28
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: \pith is at the core of the root

A

monocot

29
Q

majority have bulliform cells

A

monocots

30
Q

majority do not have motor and bulliform cells

A

dicot

31
Q

guard cells, aerenchyma, and chlorenchyma

A

leaves

32
Q

guard cells and aerenchyma

A

stems

33
Q

no guard cells, aerenchyma, chlorenchyma

A

roots

34
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: leaf mesophyll is divided into palisade and spongy leaves

A

dicot

35
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: undifferentiated leaf mesophyll

A

monocot

36
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: scattered arrangement of vascular bundles in stem

A

monocot

37
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: radially placed vascular bundles in stem

A

dicot

38
Q

in a root tip, this functions as a reservoir to replace dmaaged cells of the meristem

A

quiescent center

39
Q

include the vascular cambium and porrtions of shoot and root apices

A

meristematic tissues

40
Q

in a root tip, this is composed of densely, undifferentiated meristematic cells

A

region of division

41
Q

classify if it is a monocot or dicot: with vascular cambium

A

dicot

42
Q

a flower in which the floral parts are inserted below the ovary

A

hypogynous

43
Q

have thin walls and large nuclei

A

meristematic tissue

44
Q

include the pith and cortex of stem, the mesophyll of the leaf, and the major portion of fruits

A

fundamental tissues

45
Q

dry indehiscent fruits with a hard and thick pericarp and a cap at its base

A

nuts

46
Q

match the description to the plant group: sporophyte and gametophyte are both independent

A

ferns and allies

47
Q

match the description to the plant group: gametophytes in flowers

A

angiosperms

48
Q

match the description to the plant group: gametophytes in cones

A

gymnosperms

49
Q

match the description to the plant group: has a dominant gametophyte

A

bryophytes

50
Q

taproot system

A

dicot

51
Q

buttress, pneumatophores, nodules

A

roots

52
Q

when a monocot such as corn germinates, the initial shoot is protected by _____ while the initial root is called the ___

A

coleoptile, radicle

53
Q

cluster of inflorescence that is a a deciduous, pendent, or erect spine-like inflorescence comprised of unisexual, apetalous flowers, found on many kinds of trees

A

Catkin

54
Q

cluster of inflorescence that is a flat-topped indeterminate inflorescence in which the lower pedicels become progressively elongate, and the rachis shortened, blooms from the edge towards the center; can be compound with several corymb-like clusters to each pedicel,

A

corymb

55
Q

cluster of inflorescence that is a determinate inflorescence in which the terminate flower is older than the subtending lateral flowers, like a corymb but the major difference is that it blooms from the center toward the edges and the main stalk is always terminated by a flower; can be compound

A

cyme

56
Q

an indeterminate dense cluster of sessile flowers on a single receptacle; some heads consists of only ray flowers or only disc flowers

A

head or capilutum

57
Q

an indeterminate inflorescence comprised of two or more flowers on each pedicel, arranged alternately on a branched stalk; can be compound

A

panicle

58
Q

an indeterminate inflorescence with single flowers on short pedicels arranged alternately along the rachis

A

raceme

59
Q

single flower at the end of the peduncle

A

solitary

60
Q

a thick, fleshy, spike like inflorescence, usually of imperfect flower and subtended by a large bract called spathe; sometimes spathe is showy and brightly colored

A

spadix

61
Q

an indeterminate inflorescence with sessile flowers arranged alternately along the rachis

A

spike

62
Q

an indeterminate, generally flat-topped or orbicular inflorescence with equal length pedicels arising from a single point at the end of the rachis; can be compound with branched stalk

A

simple umbel

63
Q

an inflorescence with the flower in whorls at the node

A

verticil

Fundamentals of Botany (25 decks)

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