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Fundamentals of Botany > Plant Reproductive Structures > Flashcards

Plant Reproductive Structures Flashcards

1
Q

hibiscus plant that are found in our garden

A

Hibiscus rosa sinensis L

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2
Q

hibiscus species that is brewed as iced-shaken teas sold in coffee shops

A

H. sabdariffa L.

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3
Q

most commonly used species in laboratories due to their size, completeness, distinguishable parts

A

flowers

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4
Q

a typical flower is composed of four major plant organs

A

sepals
petals
stamens
pistils

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5
Q

flowers can be:

A

solitary in nature
bloom as cluster of flower

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6
Q

collective term of flower clusters

A

inflorescence

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7
Q

outermost floral organ of a complete flower

A

sepals

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8
Q

group of sepals

A

calyx

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9
Q

protectrs the developing floral bud

A

calyx

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10
Q

refer to the flower diagram in your notes, label the parts

A

grade yourself accordingly

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11
Q

show various colors to attract pollinators

A

petal

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12
Q

collective term for petals

A

corolla

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13
Q

used to mention both corolla and calyx at the same time

A

perianth

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14
Q

floral organs that are considered as the fertile parts of the flower

A

pistil and stamen

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15
Q

male reproductive part of the flower

A

stamen

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16
Q

parts that make up the stamen

A

anther
filament

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17
Q

hold the anther towards the flower body

A

filament

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18
Q

produce the pollen grains or microsporocytes

A

anther

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19
Q

collective group for a group of stamens

A

androecium

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20
Q

female reproductive parts of a flower

A

pistils

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21
Q

receptors of pollens, found and exposed usually in the center of the flower

A

stigma

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22
Q

stalk that would connect the stigma to the ovary, passage way of pollen tube and sperm cells released by pollen grains

A

style

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23
Q

site where megaspores were produced

A

ovary

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24
Q

tissue inside the ovary

A

placenta

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25
Q

small globule structures embedded in placenta

A

ovule

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26
Q

variation in floral structures

A

completeness
ovary position
symmetry
sex expressions

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27
Q

variation of flowers where the four major organs are present

A

complete flowers

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28
Q

variation of flowers where one or more floral organs are missing

A

incomplete flowers

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29
Q

ovary position where the perianth is inserted at the bottom or basal part of the ovary

A

hypogynous

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30
Q

the perianth is inserted at the apical or on top of the ovary

A

epigynous

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31
Q

variation of flowers characterized by the corolla being cut across different planes, they would still have the same shape and sizes

A

radial/actinomorphic/regular

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32
Q

variation of flowers characterized by the corolla being cut across different planes, they would have different sizes and shapes

A

bilateral/zygomorphic/irregular

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33
Q

variation of flowers characterized by having both stamens and pistils in the individual flower

A

bisexual/perfect flower

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34
Q

variation of flowers characterized by having only one reproductive part on the individual flower

A

unisexual/imperfect flower

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35
Q

individual flowers born on this plant would have different sex expressions

A

monoecious plant

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36
Q

individual flowers would only show one sex expression

A

dioecious plant

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37
Q

papaya plants not bearing fruits because they are all

A

male

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38
Q

are mature ovaries

A

fruits

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39
Q

will sometimes fall off when the ovary enlarges

A

perianth

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40
Q

the fruit wall, what the ovary will become

A

pericarp

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41
Q

outermost skin of the fruit, usually the one peeling off

A

exocarp

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42
Q

fleshy part of the fruit

A

mesocarp

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43
Q

sometimes stony or very hard, the inner tissues

A

endocarp

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44
Q

seeds of the plant

A

ovules

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45
Q

different classification of fruits

A

simple fruit
aggregate fruit
multiple fruit
accessory fruit

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46
Q

develops from a single carpel for several fused carpels of one flower

A

simple fruits

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47
Q

develops from many separate carpels of one flower

A

aggregate fruit

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48
Q

develops from many carpels of many flowers that form an inflorescence

A

multiple fruit

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49
Q

develops largely from tissues other than the ovary

A

accessory fruit

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50
Q

simple fruits that would become succulent/fleshy at maturity

A

fleshy fruit

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51
Q

fruits with homogenous pericarp, means that the fruit skin or exocarp up to its endocarp, all of its structures are fleshy

A

berry

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52
Q

also similar to berries, but it has a leathery pericarp or exocarp

A

hesperidium

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53
Q

would have or many seeded fruits derived from a simple pistil

A

berry

54
Q

would have distinct partitions or separations/divisions when you do a cross section

A

hesperidium

55
Q

these are berries with an extremely hard rind in maturity

A

pepo

56
Q

simple fruits with a hard, stony endocarp

A

drupe

57
Q

would have a cartilaginous endocarp, and sometimes would fuse with the receptacle

A

pome

58
Q

fruits that would become dry at maturity

A

dry fruits

59
Q

dry fruits that will not form any sutures or will not split at maturity

A

dry indehiscent

60
Q

form wing-like appendages to help in its dispersal

A

samara

61
Q

seed is attached to one particular point of the pericarp only, would form hairs or tufts aiding in their disposal, from the inferior ovary

A

cypsela

62
Q

dry fruit that would have a fused pericarp, and sometimes indistinguishable

A

grain or caryopsis

63
Q

like cypsela, without the hairs and originates from a superior ovary

A

achene

64
Q

dry fruit that would not split at matury, would have a very hard pericarp

A

nut

65
Q

scientific name of tomato

A

solanum lycopersicum

66
Q

scientific name of squash

A

cucurbita maxima

67
Q

scientific name of pili

A

canarium ovatum

68
Q

scientific name of mango

A

mangifera indica

69
Q

scientific name of apple

A

malus domestica

70
Q

dry fruits that would have openings or slits along the suture of the fruit wall

A

dry dehiscent

71
Q

are dy fruit that would have one opened suture to release the seeds, this fruit type is derived from one carpel

A

follicle

72
Q

derived from two carpels, at maturity it will form two openings to release the seeds

A

legume or pod

73
Q

derived from two splitting on two sides, it will leave a thin partition wall in the middle where the seeds are attached

A

silique

74
Q

derived from one or more fused carpels, would have different forms and location of dehiscence or spltting/openings

A

capsule

75
Q

fruits derived from two ovaries or more

A

compound

76
Q

aggregate fruits are derived from a single flower with multiple ovaries/carpels

A

aggregate fruit

77
Q

derived from several flowers that would fuse as one unit

A

multiple fruit

78
Q

walls or integuments of the ovules will form into this

A

seed coat/testa

79
Q

union of the first sperm cell (released by pollen/haploid) and egg cell (inside the ovules/haploid)

A

first fertilization

80
Q

union of the second sperm cell and 2 polar nuclei of the ovule

A

second fertilization

81
Q

will create the endosperm that will serve as food reserves

A

second fertilization

82
Q

seeds that would store their food reserves in endosperms

A

albuminous/endospermous

83
Q

seeds with little to no food reserves

A

exalbuminous/nonendospermous

84
Q

enumerate fleshy fruits

A

berry
hesperidium
pome
pepo
drupe

85
Q

enumerate dry fruits

A

dry indehiscent
dry dehiscent

86
Q

enumerate dry indehiscent fruits

A

samara
cypsela
grain/caryopsis
achene
nut

87
Q

enumerate dry dehiscent fruits

A

follicle
legume
silique
capsule

88
Q

main food reserves that are stored in cotyledons

A

cotylespermous

89
Q

embryo of angiosperms can be these

A

monocot or dicot

90
Q

have two cotyledons

A

dicot

91
Q

only one cotyledons

A

monocot

92
Q

referring to the embryo (IS)

A

immature sporophyte

93
Q

immature and embryonic shoot

A

epicotyl

94
Q

transition zone between the root and epicotyl

A

hypocotyl

95
Q

first leaf/leaves that would function for food storage

A

cotyledons

96
Q

immature root

A

radicle

97
Q

largest of most successful group of plants

A

angiosperms

98
Q

can reproduce both sexually and asexually

A

angiosperms

99
Q

reproductive shoots of angiosperms

A

flowers

100
Q

petals, sepals, ad stamens on the rim of hypanthium

A

perigynous

101
Q

mature ovary, surrounds and protects the enclosed seeds, aids in seed dispersal

A

fruits

102
Q

label the part of the fruits in your notes

A

grade your score accordingly

103
Q

label the parts of the ovule and the seed in your notes

A

grade your score accordingly

104
Q

mature ovule, small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering usually with stored food

A

seeds

105
Q

completes the process of reproduction in seed plants

A

formation of seeds

106
Q

as seed matures, it dehydrates and enters a phase referred to as dormanccy

A

seed germination

107
Q

depends on the physical process call imbibation

A

seed germination

108
Q

uptake of water due to low water potential of the dry seed

A

imbibition

109
Q

first organ to emerge from the germinating seed

A

radicle

110
Q

what forms in the hypocotyl in eudicots

A

hook

111
Q

use a different method from breaking ground when they germinate

A

moncots

112
Q

pushes upward through the soil and air

A

coleoptile

113
Q

types of seed dispersal

A

wind dispersal
water dispersal
animal dispersal
explosion dispersal

114
Q

part of sexual reproduction unique to angosperms

A

fruit

115
Q

develops from a fertilized ovary, protects the enclosed seeds, and aids in seed dispersal, widely utilized as a food source

A

fruit

116
Q

functions of a fruits

A

surround and protect the enclosed seeds
aids in seed dispersal by wind or animals

117
Q

simple fleshy fruit where all or most of its pericarp are fleshy

A

berry

118
Q

berry with hard, thick rind

A

pepo

119
Q

berry with leathery rind

A

hesperidium

120
Q

seed enclosed within a stony endocarp (pit)

A

drupe

121
Q

accessory fruit with thick hypanthium

A

pome

122
Q

dry dehiscent fruit composed of one carpel

A

legume

123
Q

dry dehiscent fruit composed of two carpels separated by a seed-bearing septum

A

silique

124
Q

composed of several fused carpels

A

capsule

125
Q

one carpel that splits along one seam

A

follicle

126
Q

small, one-seeded fruit pericarp free from seed coat (indehiscent dry fruit) inferior ovary

A

achene

127
Q

one-seeded fruit, pericarp fused with seed caot

A

grain or caryopsis

128
Q

one-seeded winged achene

A

samara

129
Q

one-seeded fruit with hard pericarp

A

nut

130
Q

many ovaries from a single flower

A

aggregate fruits

131
Q

many ovaries from many individual flowers

A

multiple fruits

Fundamentals of Botany (25 decks)

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