Introduction All About Life Flashcards
What is the scientific name of the plant with a common name of Great Basin Bristlecone Pine that is said to be 5,000 years old?
Pinus longaeva
What is the scientific name of a plant that can grow up to approximately 100 meters tall?
Sequoia sempervirens (redwoods)
a parasitic plant that gets nutrients from its host
Rafflesia (corpse flower)
the tallest inflorescence in the world
Titan arum (amorphophallus titanium)
found in the back of the 5-peso coin, forest chandelier
Strongylodon macrobotrys (Jade Vine or Tayabak)
found in the back of the 10-peso coin, majestic plant with vivid pink flowers
Medenilla magnifica (Kapa-kapa)
core disciplines of Biology
Botany and Zoology
core disciplines of Biology
Botany and Zoology
Main things that all living organisms have in common
DNA compound
chemical and energy transformations that occur in cells as they carry out processes in life
metabolism
metabolism can be either ________ or ________
anabolism, catabolism
differentiate anabolism from catabolism
anabolism is the process of building up (e.g. photosynthesis) while catabolism is the process of breaking down (e.g. cellular respiration)
changing of matter from an outer environment and transforming that matter as part of the cells so that the organism can benefit from the energy being produced by metabolism
assimilation
process in which we take matter from the outer environment so that the cells in our bodies can transform it into substances that our body can use to help us live
eating
ability to make copies of themselves in order to ensure life will continue
reproduction
can be accomplished through a series of complex chemical processes, occurring when constructive activities occur faster than destructive activities
growth process
differentiate intussusception and accretion
intussusception is the growth of a cell wall by deposition of new particles while accretion is the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter
only one parent is involved and the cells produced are identical (e.g. bacteria)
asexual reproduction
two different parents join to produce a new organism
sexual reproduction
cycle change where organisms experience aging
development
an organism becomes less efficient at the process of life and the ability to reproduce comes to an end
aging
ability of living things to react to a stimuli
irritability
anything in the environment that causes an organism to react
stimuli
give an example of a stimuli
light, odor, gravity, sound, pressure, heat, temperature, water
refers to modifications of changes occurring not only to individuals but to all members of a population to promote the likelihood of survival
adaptation
organisms that move to a better environment
migration
organisms that change spanning over many generations
evolution
living things are composed of different levels, starting from subatomic particles
organization
enumerate the different organizations of life
subatomic particles
atoms
molecules
organelles
tissues
organ
organ system
multicellular organism
community
ecosystem
biosphere
most accepted and scientific theory to explain the origin of the universe
Oparin-Haldane Hypothesis and Miller-Urey Experiment
Life systems are characterized by which processes
metabolism, growth, reproduction, adaptation, irritability, organization
is a science that attempts to describe and understand both the unity and diversity of life on Earth
Biology
name pioneers of biological studies
Aristotle, Vesalius, Harvey, Hooke, Leeuwenhoek
Botany is derived from which word
Greek words botanikos and botanique (botanical) and boskein (to feed)
other than plants, who is able to do photosynthesis
cyanobacteria and protozoans
multicellular organism capable of making its own food by photosynthesis
plant
aggregated cells that function as one unit
tissue
tissues functioning as one unit
organs
major organs of a plant
root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits/seeds
process that includes capturing light energy and its energy transformation into chemical energy of organic molecules (manufactured using carbon dioxide and water)
photosynthesis
basic unit or rank in taxonomy and biodiversity
species
plants respond to this type of stimuli, as seen from the downward movement of roots
gravity
example of plants reacting to water and food
lateral movement of roots
example of plants reacting to light
young developing seedlings, sunflower
plants reacting to touch
clinging to the host or trapping of prey
refers to the increase in cell number and cell size
growth
changes in an organism from its immature and mature life stages
development
hereditary units of information
gene
onion
Allium cepa
digman leaf
Hydrilla verticillata
Tomato
Solanum lycopersicum
Potato
Solanum tuberosum
bangka-bangkaan
Tradescantia spathacea
dumbcane
Dieffenbachia sp.
alikbangon
Commelina sp.
natural science that deals with the living components of nature
Biology
which knowledge is based on appreciation and faith
arts and religion
other fields of science apart from natural sciences
social science and abstract science
dealing with activities and relationships between the society (sociology, politics, economics)
social science
dealing with inanimate objects and concepts
abstract sciences
includes the entire field of living organisms, ranging from the tiniest speck of microscopic life floating in the air to the massive whale or giant sequoia tree
biology
largest and most enduring of all living things
Sequoia sempervirens
Greek word bios (life) and logos (study)
Biology
deals with the investigation of origin, history, structure, function, identification, classification, distribution, development, inheritance and significance of living
biology
concerned with the forces, motion, and energy
physics
concerned with physics, chemistry, geology, astronomy
Physical sciences
composition and changes of matter
chemistry
structure of the earth
geology
different celestial bodies
astronomy
used for solving or investigating a biological problem
scientific method
most basic skill of a scientist
observation
enumerate the steps of the scientific method
identification of the problem
formulation of the hypotheses
experimentation
analysis and interpretation of data
generalization or formulation of conclusion
parameter to be tested
variable
may be developed into scientific law or principle
theories
statement of what occurs in nature as found by observation and a series of experiments to be true
scientific law
law of nature on which other laws are established
scientific principle
vital to the scientific process
testability
enumerate the areas of limitation of science
About God and the supernatural
about appreciation and value
morality
father of Biology
Aristotle
Belgian anatomist on human anatomy
Andreas Vesalius
English physician on blood circulation
William Harvey
Italian biologist on blood capillaries
Marcello Malpighi
English naturalist on the discovery of the cell
Robert Hooke
studied the bacteria, blood, and protist
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
stated that all plants are composed of cells
Matthias Jakob Schleiden
stated that all animals are composed of cells
Theodor Schwann
stated that cells arise from pre-existing cells
Rudolf Virchow
which book was published that marked the birth of the modern era of Biology
Charles Darwin “The Origin of Species”
who disproved Spontaneous generation theory
Louis Pasteur
father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel
who discovered the electron microscope
Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska
who discovered the double helix structure of the DNA
James Watson and Francis Crick
postulates of the cell theory
all organisms are made up of cells
cells come from pre-existing cells
the basic unit of life is cell
All organisms are made up of cells (Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow)
Cell Theory/Cell Concept
“Life only comes from life” (Louis Pasteur)
Biogenesis
theory that states that organisms come from non-living things
theory of spontaneous generation
disproved SGT that stated maggots come from meat
Francisco Redi
The internal environment remains within normal range (Bernard)
Homeostasis
All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life
Evolution or Natural Selection
Organisms contain coded information that dictates their structure, function, and behavior
Gene concept
banana
musa paradisiaca
mayana
plectranthus scutellarioides
kangkong
Ipomea aquatica
santan
ixora sp.
mongo
Phaseolus vulgaris
Patola
Luffa acutangula
coconut
cocos nucifera
