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Fundamentals of Botany > Introduction All About Life > Flashcards

Introduction All About Life Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scientific name of the plant with a common name of Great Basin Bristlecone Pine that is said to be 5,000 years old?

A

Pinus longaeva

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2
Q

What is the scientific name of a plant that can grow up to approximately 100 meters tall?

A

Sequoia sempervirens (redwoods)

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3
Q

a parasitic plant that gets nutrients from its host

A

Rafflesia (corpse flower)

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4
Q

the tallest inflorescence in the world

A

Titan arum (amorphophallus titanium)

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5
Q

found in the back of the 5-peso coin, forest chandelier

A

Strongylodon macrobotrys (Jade Vine or Tayabak)

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6
Q

found in the back of the 10-peso coin, majestic plant with vivid pink flowers

A

Medenilla magnifica (Kapa-kapa)

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7
Q

core disciplines of Biology

A

Botany and Zoology

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8
Q

core disciplines of Biology

A

Botany and Zoology

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9
Q

Main things that all living organisms have in common

A

DNA compound

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10
Q

chemical and energy transformations that occur in cells as they carry out processes in life

A

metabolism

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11
Q

metabolism can be either ________ or ________

A

anabolism, catabolism

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12
Q

differentiate anabolism from catabolism

A

anabolism is the process of building up (e.g. photosynthesis) while catabolism is the process of breaking down (e.g. cellular respiration)

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13
Q

changing of matter from an outer environment and transforming that matter as part of the cells so that the organism can benefit from the energy being produced by metabolism

A

assimilation

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14
Q

process in which we take matter from the outer environment so that the cells in our bodies can transform it into substances that our body can use to help us live

A

eating

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15
Q

ability to make copies of themselves in order to ensure life will continue

A

reproduction

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16
Q

can be accomplished through a series of complex chemical processes, occurring when constructive activities occur faster than destructive activities

A

growth process

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17
Q

differentiate intussusception and accretion

A

intussusception is the growth of a cell wall by deposition of new particles while accretion is the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter

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18
Q

only one parent is involved and the cells produced are identical (e.g. bacteria)

A

asexual reproduction

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19
Q

two different parents join to produce a new organism

A

sexual reproduction

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20
Q

cycle change where organisms experience aging

A

development

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21
Q

an organism becomes less efficient at the process of life and the ability to reproduce comes to an end

A

aging

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22
Q

ability of living things to react to a stimuli

A

irritability

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23
Q

anything in the environment that causes an organism to react

A

stimuli

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24
Q

give an example of a stimuli

A

light, odor, gravity, sound, pressure, heat, temperature, water

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25
Q

refers to modifications of changes occurring not only to individuals but to all members of a population to promote the likelihood of survival

A

adaptation

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26
Q

organisms that move to a better environment

A

migration

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27
Q

organisms that change spanning over many generations

A

evolution

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28
Q

living things are composed of different levels, starting from subatomic particles

A

organization

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29
Q

enumerate the different organizations of life

A

subatomic particles
atoms
molecules
organelles
tissues
organ
organ system
multicellular organism
community
ecosystem
biosphere

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30
Q

most accepted and scientific theory to explain the origin of the universe

A

Oparin-Haldane Hypothesis and Miller-Urey Experiment

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31
Q

Life systems are characterized by which processes

A

metabolism, growth, reproduction, adaptation, irritability, organization

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32
Q

is a science that attempts to describe and understand both the unity and diversity of life on Earth

A

Biology

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33
Q

name pioneers of biological studies

A

Aristotle, Vesalius, Harvey, Hooke, Leeuwenhoek

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34
Q

Botany is derived from which word

A

Greek words botanikos and botanique (botanical) and boskein (to feed)

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35
Q

other than plants, who is able to do photosynthesis

A

cyanobacteria and protozoans

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36
Q

multicellular organism capable of making its own food by photosynthesis

A

plant

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37
Q

aggregated cells that function as one unit

A

tissue

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38
Q

tissues functioning as one unit

A

organs

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39
Q

major organs of a plant

A

root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits/seeds

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40
Q

process that includes capturing light energy and its energy transformation into chemical energy of organic molecules (manufactured using carbon dioxide and water)

A

photosynthesis

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41
Q

basic unit or rank in taxonomy and biodiversity

A

species

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42
Q

plants respond to this type of stimuli, as seen from the downward movement of roots

A

gravity

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43
Q

example of plants reacting to water and food

A

lateral movement of roots

44
Q

example of plants reacting to light

A

young developing seedlings, sunflower

45
Q

plants reacting to touch

A

clinging to the host or trapping of prey

46
Q

refers to the increase in cell number and cell size

A

growth

47
Q

changes in an organism from its immature and mature life stages

A

development

48
Q

hereditary units of information

A

gene

49
Q

onion

A

Allium cepa

50
Q

digman leaf

A

Hydrilla verticillata

51
Q

Tomato

A

Solanum lycopersicum

52
Q

Potato

A

Solanum tuberosum

53
Q

bangka-bangkaan

A

Tradescantia spathacea

54
Q

dumbcane

A

Dieffenbachia sp.

55
Q

alikbangon

A

Commelina sp.

56
Q

natural science that deals with the living components of nature

A

Biology

57
Q

which knowledge is based on appreciation and faith

A

arts and religion

58
Q

other fields of science apart from natural sciences

A

social science and abstract science

59
Q

dealing with activities and relationships between the society (sociology, politics, economics)

A

social science

60
Q

dealing with inanimate objects and concepts

A

abstract sciences

61
Q

includes the entire field of living organisms, ranging from the tiniest speck of microscopic life floating in the air to the massive whale or giant sequoia tree

A

biology

62
Q

largest and most enduring of all living things

A

Sequoia sempervirens

63
Q

Greek word bios (life) and logos (study)

A

Biology

64
Q

deals with the investigation of origin, history, structure, function, identification, classification, distribution, development, inheritance and significance of living

A

biology

65
Q

concerned with the forces, motion, and energy

A

physics

66
Q

concerned with physics, chemistry, geology, astronomy

A

Physical sciences

67
Q

composition and changes of matter

A

chemistry

68
Q

structure of the earth

A

geology

69
Q

different celestial bodies

A

astronomy

70
Q

used for solving or investigating a biological problem

A

scientific method

71
Q

most basic skill of a scientist

A

observation

72
Q

enumerate the steps of the scientific method

A

identification of the problem
formulation of the hypotheses
experimentation
analysis and interpretation of data
generalization or formulation of conclusion

73
Q

parameter to be tested

A

variable

74
Q

may be developed into scientific law or principle

A

theories

75
Q

statement of what occurs in nature as found by observation and a series of experiments to be true

A

scientific law

76
Q

law of nature on which other laws are established

A

scientific principle

77
Q

vital to the scientific process

A

testability

78
Q

enumerate the areas of limitation of science

A

About God and the supernatural
about appreciation and value
morality

79
Q

father of Biology

A

Aristotle

80
Q

Belgian anatomist on human anatomy

A

Andreas Vesalius

81
Q

English physician on blood circulation

A

William Harvey

82
Q

Italian biologist on blood capillaries

A

Marcello Malpighi

83
Q

English naturalist on the discovery of the cell

A

Robert Hooke

84
Q

studied the bacteria, blood, and protist

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

85
Q

stated that all plants are composed of cells

A

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

86
Q

stated that all animals are composed of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

87
Q

stated that cells arise from pre-existing cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

88
Q

which book was published that marked the birth of the modern era of Biology

A

Charles Darwin “The Origin of Species”

89
Q

who disproved Spontaneous generation theory

A

Louis Pasteur

90
Q

father of Genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

91
Q

who discovered the electron microscope

A

Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska

92
Q

who discovered the double helix structure of the DNA

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

93
Q

postulates of the cell theory

A

all organisms are made up of cells
cells come from pre-existing cells
the basic unit of life is cell

94
Q

All organisms are made up of cells (Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow)

A

Cell Theory/Cell Concept

95
Q

“Life only comes from life” (Louis Pasteur)

A

Biogenesis

96
Q

theory that states that organisms come from non-living things

A

theory of spontaneous generation

97
Q

disproved SGT that stated maggots come from meat

A

Francisco Redi

98
Q

The internal environment remains within normal range (Bernard)

A

Homeostasis

99
Q

All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life

A

Evolution or Natural Selection

100
Q

Organisms contain coded information that dictates their structure, function, and behavior

A

Gene concept

101
Q

banana

A

musa paradisiaca

102
Q

mayana

A

plectranthus scutellarioides

103
Q

kangkong

A

Ipomea aquatica

104
Q

santan

A

ixora sp.

105
Q

mongo

A

Phaseolus vulgaris

106
Q

Patola

A

Luffa acutangula

107
Q

coconut

A

cocos nucifera

Fundamentals of Botany (25 decks)

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