Regulating the Body

Question 1

Regulator

Answer 1

uses internal control mechanisms to moderate internal change in the face of external, environmental fluctuation

Question 2

conformer

Answer 2

allows its internal condition to vary with certain external changes

Question 3

homeostasis

Answer 3

organisms use homeostasis to maintain an internal balance regardless of external environment

Question 4

Homeostasis is maintained by

Answer 4

negative feedback

Question 5

Positive feedback

Answer 5

occur in animals, but do not usually contribute to homeostasis

Question 6

If the hypothalamus detects high temperature

Answer 6

it promotes heat dissipation via sweating and dilation of blood vessels in skin

Question 7

If hypothalamus detects low temperature

Answer 7

Promotes heat conservation via shivering and constriction of blood vessels in skin

Question 8

Thermoregulation

Answer 8

the process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range

Question 9

Endotherms

Answer 9

generate heat by metabolism

Question 10

ectotherms

Answer 10

gain heat from external sources

Question 11

Tolerate greater variation in internal temperature

Answer 11

ectotherms

Question 12

active at greater range of external temperatures

Answer 12

endotherms

Question 13

Four processes of heat exchange

Answer 13

conduction, convection, radiation, evaporation

Question 14

five adaptations to help animals thermoregulate

Answer 14

insulation
circulatory adaptation
evaporation
behavioral responses
adjusting metabolic heat production

Question 15

Vasodilation

Answer 15

blood flow in the skin increases, facilitating heat loss

Question 16

vasoconstriction

Answer 16

blood flow in the skin decreases, lowering heat loss

Question 17

Countercurrent exchange

Answer 17

transfers heat between fluids flowing in opposite directions

Question 18

Hypothalamus

Answer 18

controls mammalian thermoregulation