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anatomy and physiology > quiz 6 agonists antagonists ad autnomic > Flashcards

quiz 6 agonists antagonists ad autnomic Flashcards

1
Q

variety of what embedded in membrane of cells around the body

A

receptors

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2
Q

what are receptors looking for

A

a specific signal or signals which will cause them to do certain things

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3
Q

agonist

A

any chemical that binds to a receptor and activates it

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4
Q

antagonists

A

some chemicals that bind to the same receptors but do not turn them on, instead they sit on the receptor and block them from being activated

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5
Q

agonist alone

A

full activation

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6
Q

agonist and antagonist

A

less activation

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7
Q

antagonist alone

A

no activation

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8
Q

what does the autonomic nervous system do

A

control the body’s involuntary muscles

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9
Q

2 parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

parasympathetic (PSNS)

Sympathetic (SNS) nervous systems

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10
Q

PSNS and SNS are constant what

A

in battle, one trying to overtake or outweighs the other

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11
Q

sympathetic nervous system response

A

fight or flight

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12
Q

two hormones released in sympathetic nervous system

A

epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine

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13
Q

sympathetic NS is going to do what things necessary to survive interaction with sabertooth tiger

A
  • heart rate/ volume up
  • airway dilates
  • blood pressure up
  • glycogenolysis in liver
  • pupils dilate
  • respiratory rate up
  • blood shunted away from GI
  • blood shunted towards muscles
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14
Q

glycogenolysis

A

breaks won glycogen into glucose

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15
Q

adrenergic receptor

A

any receptor where epinephrine or norepinephrine can bind

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16
Q

adrenergic receptors come in

A

variety of shapes and sizes and do different things, but are all part of the sympathetic nervous system

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17
Q

subtypes of adrenergic receptors

A

alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-2, beta-3

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18
Q

parasympathetic nervous

A

rest or digest (feed or breed)

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19
Q

main hormone involved in parasympathetic nervous system

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

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20
Q

parasympathetic nervous system will not help you

A

fight saber tooth tiger

21
Q

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do

A

SLUDGE-PM

22
Q

what does SLUDGE-PM

A 
Salivation (drooling)
Lacrimation (tearing up)
Urination (peeing)
Diaphoresis (sweating)
GI upset (diarrhea)
Emesis (vomiting)
Priapism (erection)
Miosis (pupils constrict)
23
Q

speed of parasympathetic response

A

much slower than sympathetic

24
Q

receptors activate when acetylcholine binds to them

A

cholinergic receptors

25
Q

two types of cholinergic receptors

A

muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors

26
Q

subtypes of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

A

M1 through M5 muscarinic receptors and N1 and N2 nicotinic receptors

27
Q

activation of cholinergic receptors causes

A

some of the SLUDGE-PM response to happen

28
Q

what happens when acetylcholine binds to M2 receptors in heart

A

slow heart rate

29
Q

what does atropine do

A

blocks M2 receptors, stopping ACh from binding there

30
Q

what type of chemical is atropine

A

antagonist

31
Q

who would give atropine to

A

people whose hearts you want to go faster

32
Q

beta-1 receptors

A

located mostly on the heart, norepinephrine and epinephrine can bind to it

33
Q

who do you give beta blockers to

A

people whose hearts you don’t want to beat too fast , (people with heart diseaseproblem) could stop heart attack

34
Q

what happens when norepinephrine and epinephrine bind to beta -1 receptors

A

the heart beats harder and faster

35
Q

what is the suffix for a beta blocker

A

olol

36
Q

what are beta blockers

A

drugs that block beta-1 receptors from binding norepinephrine and epinephrine

37
Q

epinephrine also binds to which receptors located around the body

A

beta-2 receptors

38
Q

what happens when epinephrine binds to beta-2 receptors

A

the muscles in the bronchi (in lungs) relax, which allows the bronchi to expand

39
Q

EpiPEns do wha

A

inject epinephrine straight into the bloodstream

40
Q

what would epipens do to BP/ HR

A

Heart rate gets faster and blood pressure raises

41
Q

what would epipens do in anaphylaxis

A

it allows airways to relax and get bigger

42
Q

PSNS and SNS run through what

A

CNS (spinal cord)

43
Q

severe neck/spine injury can wipe out what

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

44
Q

PSNS is much slower in what than SNS

A

being wiped out by severe neck/spine injury

45
Q

PSNS system takes longer to disappear because

A

hormones linger around

46
Q

what is the result of PSNS taking longer than SNS to dissappear

A

PSNS is full force for a few units

47
Q

neck/spine trauma often indicated by

A

priapism

48
Q

people hanged to death often experience

A

death erection when neck breaks in execution because of PSNS overload

anatomy and physiology (25 decks)

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