female reproductive quiz

Question 1

which system is more complicated

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

what are the gonads in females

Answer 2

the ovaries

Question 3

what do the ovaries do

Answer 3

production and release of ova

Question 4

what are ova

Answer 4

(sing is ovum) they are eggs

Question 5

what is a difference between male and female gametes

Answer 5

ovaries have already produced all the eggs and more she will ever need before the baby is even born

Question 6

about ho w many eggs do the ovaries produce

Answer 6

400,000

Question 7

the female reproductive system needs to be able to accomodate…

Answer 7

rapid growth

Question 8

if eggs are fertilized….

Answer 8

they begin to grow into a fetus

Question 9

main components of female reproductive system

Answer 9

ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, endometrium

Question 10

what do ovaries do

Answer 10

2 per woman, hold n release 1 egg per month

Question 11

what do the fallopian tubes do

Answer 11

normal site of fertilization

Question 12

what does the uterus do

Answer 12

hollow organ that receives and nourishes a fertilized egg

Question 13

what is the endometrium

Answer 13

lining of the uterus

Question 14

what does the endometrium do if an egg is fertilized,

Answer 14

the endometrium catches it and holds on to it

Question 15

what does the endometrium do if an egg is not fertilized

Answer 15

the endometrium sloughs off and is expelled

Question 16

vulva

Answer 16

the external female reproductive organs

Question 17

labia

Answer 17

outer folds of vulva

Question 18

inside labia

Answer 18

urethral opening

Question 19

urethral opening

Answer 19

where urine is removed

Question 20

vaginal opening

Answer 20

located dorsally and extends to the cervix

Question 21

what is the cervix

Answer 21

entrance to the uterus

Question 22

what is the hymen

Answer 22

thin fold of mucosa separating the inner vagina from the vulva

Question 23

menstrual cycle

Answer 23

monthly cycle of fertilization

Question 24

three parts of menstrual cycle

Answer 24

menses, proliferative stage, secretory stage

Question 25

what days are menses

Answer 25

day 1-5

Question 26

what days are proliferative stage

Answer 26

days 6-14

Question 27

what days are secretory stages

Answer 27

days 15-28

Question 28

what happens in menses

Answer 28

the endometrium sloughs off | bleeding as the detached tissue passes through the vagin

Question 29

on average, females lose how much blood in menses

Answer 29

50-150ml

Question 30

what happens in proliferative stage

Answer 30

-increased estrogen leads to gradual thickening of endometrium

Question 31

what happens on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle

Answer 31

LH levels spike, leading to ovulation

Question 32

what is ovulation

Answer 32

release of an egg from one of the ovaries

Question 33

what happens in secretory stage

Answer 33

progesterone is released, causing endometrial tissue to become full of nutrients

Question 34

what can happen to the egg in the secretory stage

Answer 34

if fertilized: embeds in the endometrium | if not: endometrium disintegrates at the end of stage

Question 35

usually estrogen is a

Answer 35

GnRH inhibitor

Question 36

what does it mean that estrogen is a GnRH inhibitor

Answer 36

causes less estrogen to be produced

Question 37

how does estrogen work

Answer 37

in a negative feedback loop

Question 38

what switch occurs on what day

Answer 38

day 12, estrogen causes GnRH production, rather than inhibiting it

Question 39

day 12 switches what

Answer 39

the negative feedback loop into a positive feedback loop

Question 40

day 12 causes a spike in what

Answer 40

the LH and FSH necessary for ovulation

Question 41

do the levels of estradiol, FSH, LH, progesterone vary across the menstrual cycle

Answer 41

yes

Question 42

how do contraceptives work

Answer 42

trick the body into thinking progesterone levels are or alter estrogen levels

Question 43

high levels of progesterone and or estrogens ....

Answer 43

stop GnRH from being produced, stops LH and estradiol from being made

Question 44

what is ovulation

Answer 44

release of an egg from an ovary

Question 45

how many of the ovaries release an egg each month

Answer 45

1

Question 46

misconceptions about ovulation

Answer 46

- people think that the ovaries alternate months | - people think the egg is released into the fallopian tube

Question 47

correction to "people think that the ovaries alternate months"

Answer 47

it is random which ovary releases an ovum in a given month

Question 48

correction to "people think the egg is released into the fallopian tube"

Answer 48

- egg is released into gap between ovary and fallopian tube | - "fingers" called fimbriae pull the ovum into the fallopian tube

Question 49

what happens in tintercourse

Answer 49

sperm released into vagina

Question 50

what do sperm do in vagina

Answer 50

seek to find the egg and fertilize it

Question 51

short window of fertilization (egg)

Answer 51

egg must be fertilized 24 hours from being released from the ovary

Question 52

short window of fertilization (sperm)

Answer 52

sperm can only survive in the acidic vagina for 72 hours

Question 53

which days the highest probability of pregnancy

Answer 53

the days shortly before and after ovulation

Question 54

where does fertilization usually happen

Answer 54

in the fallopian tubes

Question 55

what happens after fertilization in the fallopian tube

Answer 55

the egg travels and implants in the endometrial layer of the uterus

Question 56

what is ectopic pregnancy

Answer 56

when a fertilized zygote implants in the fallopian tube instead of the uterus and grows there

Question 57

ectopic pregnancy is the

Answer 57

leading cause of maternal death in pregnancy

Question 58

what happens once the first sperm reaches the egg

Answer 58

a fast block occurs to prevent polyspermy

Question 59

what is polyspermy

Answer 59

fertilization by more than one sperm

Question 60

what happens in the fast block to prevent polyspermy

Answer 60

release of K+ ions changes the charge inside the egg, preventing other sperm from entering

Question 61

what happens after fertilization

Answer 61

newly formed 2n zygote begins to divide rapidly into many cells

Question 62

the many cells the zygote is divided into

Answer 62

forms a blastocyst

Question 63

what else forms after fertilization

Answer 63

a placenta

Question 64

what does a placenta allow

Answer 64

easy transfer of blood and nutrients from the mother to the blastocyst

Question 65

what happens over the 40 weeks of pregnancy

Answer 65

the zygote slowly divides, grows, and reshapes

Question 66

when does an embryo form

Answer 66

3-8 weeks

Question 67

when fetus form

Answer 67

8-40 weeks

Question 68

changes to a women's body are triggered

Answer 68

by release of new estrogens, specifically estriol

Question 69

changes to a woman's body

Answer 69

- increasing blood volume by 50% - growing placenta - increase respiratory, urinary, pulse rates - release of relaxin

Question 70

what will growing placenta do

Answer 70

filters blood for and nourishes the fetus

Question 71

why does pregnancy increase respiratory, urinary, pulse rates

Answer 71

pregnant women must provide oxygen and remove wastes for 2 organisms

Question 72

what is relaxin

Answer 72

protein hormone

Question 73

what does relaxin do

Answer 73

makes joints and ligaments in the abdomen relax.. allows stretching of the abdomen

Question 74

when is baby ready

Answer 74

after 40 weeks