Q4 - GenPhy2 (II)

Question 1

Is a specific area in the study of optics that focuses on the behavior of light as a ray. We recall from the previous lesson that light is an EM wave. As such, it can have intermediate energy between that of an ultraviolet & an infrared radiation & can exhibit a number of properties, including reflection.

Answer 1

Geometric Optics

Question 2

In 1704, the English natural philosopher Isaac Newton published a book entitled “OPTICKS: or A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light”. This particular reference presented the concepts that Newton was able to put forward in advancing the study of light. In this document, Newton introduced reflection & refraction as significant light properties. These two properties are particularly important in analyzing image formation in mirrors & lenses.

Answer 2

Geometric Optics

Question 3

Are objects that apply the reflective property of light – the inverse of lenses, which apply the refractive property of light.

Answer 3

Mirrors

Question 4

A light sources scatters rays in all directions.

Answer 4

Mirrors

Question 5

In describing the image formed by mirrors, we may use the acronym PISO, which stands for:

Answer 5

Position, Image Type, Size, & Orientation

Question 6

Refers to the location of the image formed with respect to the object & the surface of the mirror.

Answer 6

Position

Question 7

Image Type is classifed into two:

Answer 7

• Virtual Images: meeting lights rays, which do not actually touch.
• Real Images: meeting of light rays.

Question 8

Refers to the approximate size of the image formed, compared with the original size of the object.

Answer 8

Size

Question 9

Pertains to the arrangement of the image formed. An image may be upright, inverted/upside down or laterally inverted (reversal of left-right orientation).

Answer 9

Orientation

Question 10

are generally classified as either plane or spherical.

Answer 10

Mirrors

Question 11

flat reflective surfaces

Answer 11

Plane Mirrors

Question 12

curved surfaces

Answer 12

Spherical Mirrors

Question 13

Directs light incident to it towards a particular point called focus. This incident ray converges with the focus along the mirror’s axis.

Answer 13

Concave Mirror

Question 14

The location of the image formed on spherical mirrors depends as well on the location & distance of the object in front of it. This kind of image formation is likewise explained through the use of ray diagrams.

Answer 14

Concave Mirror

Question 15

Is also referred to as a diverging mirror because it diverges light incident to it.

Answer 15

Convex

Question 16

The following concepts explain the anatomy of the curved mirrors

Answer 16

Pole (P)
Focal Point or Focus (F)
Focal Length (f)
Center of Curvature (C)
Principle Axis
Radius of Curvature (R)

Question 17

Compared to mirrors which use reflection, these use the refractive property of light.

Answer 17

Lens

Question 18

There are two general types of curved lenses:

Answer 18

• Double convex, Biconvex, or converging lens
• Double concave, biconcave, or diverging lens

Question 19

Common Eye Defects:

Answer 19

Normal Vision
Myopia (Nearsigtedness)
Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
Astigmatism

Question 20

Some more Eye Defects:

Answer 20

Cataract
Conjunctivitis
Glaucoma
Keratitis
Microcornea
Optic Neuritis

Question 21

Are devices that operate, using the principle of geometric optics. Two of the common optical instruments that utilize the concept of geometric optics are telescopes & microscopes.

Answer 21

Optical Instruments

Question 22

real, inverted images
virtual, upright images

Answer 22

concave mirror

Question 23

virtual, upright, small

Answer 23

convex