Q2 - GenPhy1 ⚛️ Flashcards
Is defined as the rate at which work is done or the rate of energy transferred. It measures how quickly energy is converted from one form to another or how fast work is performed.
Power
Is the ability to do work or cause change.
Energy
Cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms or be transferred between objects.
Energy
It focuses on how the total mechanical energy in a system stays constant as long as no external forces (like friction or air resistance) are acting on it.
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
This type of energy is the sum of two types of energy: Kinetic Energy & Potential Energy.
Mehanical Energy
Which is the energy an object has, due to its motion.
Kinetic Energy
Which is the energy stored in an object due to its position or condition.
Potential Energy
States that the total mechanical energy in a closed system remains constant, as long as there are no external forces (like friction) acting on it.
(Principles of) Conservation of Mechanical Energy
means that there are no external forces like friction, air resistance, or external work being done. These factors would cause a loss of mechanical energy, which would violate the principle of conservation.
Closed System
Is defined as the product of object’s mass & its velocity. It is the vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude & direction.
Linear Momentum
This theory states that the impulse applied to an object is equal to the change in its momentum. It other words, the impulse exerted on an object results in a corresponding change in momentum.
Impulse Momentum Theorem
This states that the total momentum of the system remains constant if no external force act on it. In an isolated system, the momentum before any interaction or collision remains the same.
Conservation in Momentum in Isolated System
Occur when both the momentum & kinetic energy are conserved.
Elastic Collisions
Happen when only the momentum is conserved but not the kinetic energy.
Inelastic Collisions
The particles stick together after the collision. The final velocities are equal to each other & to the velocity of the center of mass:
Perfectly Inelastic Collision
Is a position defined relative to an object or system of objects. It is the average position of all the parts of the system, weighted according to their masses.
Center of Mass
For simple rigid objects with uniform density, the center of mass is located at the ____.
centroid
Measures the angle through which an object has rotated about a fixed point or axis. It’s typically measured in radians, degrees, or revolutions
Angular Displacement
Is the rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time. It indicates how fast an object is rotating.
measured in radians per second (rad/s) or degrees per second (°/s).
Angular Velocity
Is the rate of change of angular velocity with respect of time. It describes how quickly an object’s rotational speed is changing.
measured in radians per second squared (rad/s2).
Angular Acceleration
Displacement
a. The distance traveled along a path.
b. The angle through which an object has
rotated.
a. Linear Displacement (s)
b. Angular Displacement (θ)
Velocity
a. The rate of change of linear displacement.
b. The rate of change of angular displacement.
a. Linear Velocity (v)
b. Angular Velocity (ω)
Acceleration
a. The rate of change of linear velocity.
b. The rate of change of angular velocity.
a. Linear Acceleration (a)
b. Angular Acceleration (α)
Is a measure of an object’s resistance to changes in its rotational motion about an axis. It depends on the mass of the object & the distribution of that mass relative to the axis of rotation.
Moment of Inertia
Is the energy due to the rotation of an object. It is analogous to translational kinetic energy, which depends on mass & velocity.
Rotational Kinetic Energy
Is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object. It is what causes an object to rotate about an axis.
Note: It is typically measure din Newton-meters (Nm) in the metric system.
Torque
States that the net torque acting on a rotating object is equal to the moment of inertia of the object times its angular acceleration.
Newton’s Second Law for Rotations
Are concepts analogous to linear work & energy but applied to rotating objects.
Rotational Work & Energy
Is done when a torque is applied to an object, causing it to rotate through an angle.
Rotational Work
Is a fundamental principle in physics stating that if no external torque acts on a system, the total angular momentum of the system remains constant. In simpler terms, an object’s angular momentum will stay the same unless acted upon by an outside force that creates torque.
Conservation of Angular Momentum
A fundamental principle in physics that states that certain physical quantities remain constant within a closed system, provided no external forces or influences act on it. Essentially, these quantities are conserved over time.
Conservation Law
