Q1 - CESC

Question 1

Derived from the Latin word communis which means “common” or “shared”

Answer 1

community

Question 2

Community derived from the Latin word ____ which means “common” or “shared”

Answer 2

communis

Question 3

TWO TYPES OF COMMUNITY

Answer 3

Geographical Community
Non-Geographical Community

Question 4

It is a community where members share
the same geographical vicinity such as a village, province or neighborhood

Answer 4

Geographical community

Question 5

It is a community formed based on needs, ideas, interests, identity, practices, and roles in social institutions such as at home, all work, in government, society, or the community at large

Answer 5

Non-Geographical community

Question 6

They are imperative in building community.

imperative means importance

Answer 6

Communication and relationships

Question 7

Communities in two levels

Answer 7

Micro-level community
Macro-level

Question 8

A community group is formed based on personal ties. This may include groups formed for pursuing common interests or goals like forming a small organization to hold a fund-raising activity such as concerts.

Answer 8

Micro-level community

Question 9

Large group affiliation is formed such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.

Answer 9

Macro-level

Question 10

Importance of studying community: (5)

Answer 10

1. It motivates people to work together
2. It encourages social, religious, or traditional obligations for mutual help
3. People see a genuine opportunity to better their own lives and for the community.
4. It understands policies promoting community participation that values social capital.
5. Community participation could be understood as the direct involvement of citizenry in the affairs of planning, governance, and overall development programs at local or grassroot levels.

Question 11

The changes in the community brought about by social, cultural and environmental experiences whether it is positive or negative development that impacts within the community.

Answer 11

Community Dynamics

Question 12

It is any activity that aims to increase the understanding, engagement and empowerment of communities for the intention of giving services to people.

Answer 12

Community Action

Question 13

There are 3-key points in grasping the definition more meaningful:

Answer 13

UNDERSTANDING
ENGAGEMENT
EMPOWERMENT

Question 14

Raise an awareness about certain communal issues that needs to be addressed. People develop the feeling of
involvement once they truly comprehend the situation
within. They come together to support advocacies that will
overcome community needs and difficulties.

Answer 14

UNDERSTANDING

Question 15

Once issues are assessed properly and people in the community understand the needs, they work collaboratively to act on it. The
main goal of engaging in the community is to improve the
partnership and 10 coalitions among the community. It is
important that engagement occurs so that members will be able
to involve meaningfully in the activities that they have created

Answer 15

ENGAGEMENT

Question 16

Enable the people to independently decide, plan-out and take action to control the situation they have in the community. This means, initiative and decisions come from internal group organized for the benefit of everyone. It is also necessary that the community can provide significant networks and linkages that will genuinely serve the advocacies that they have built.

Answer 16

EMPOWERMENT

Question 17

An umbrella term for various fields of study
which examines social relations and human society.

Answer 17

Social Science

Question 18

It describes “community as a group of people in a particular area
interacting together.

Answer 18

Social Science

Question 19

The following are disciplines in social sciences that related to
the idea of community:

5 items

Answer 19

1. Anthropology
2. Economics
3. Political science
4. Pschology
5. Sociology

Question 20

This field examines the various aspects of humans,
such as their biology, behavior, culture and social interactions.

Answer 20

Anthropology

Question 21

This field studies the production, allocation and
consumption of goods and services.

Answer 21

Economics

Question 22

The field encompasses the various ways and
means of allocating power, influence, decision-making. This
includes types of governments and management systems, and
how people in small bands or informal groups make decisions
when they do not have recognized leaders.

Answer 22

Political science

Question 23

This discipline studies the human mind, brain, and
social behavior. This extends to interaction between people and
interpersonal relationships.

Answer 23

Psychology

Question 24

This field is the study of society, social order, social interactions,
and culture. It introduces the concepts of social capital and
communitarianism.

Answer 24

Sociology

Question 25

It is defined as the networks of relationship among people who
live and work in a particular society for the effective functioning of the
community.

Answer 25

Social capital

Question 26

Explains the connection between the individual and the
community. Every person has a special role in one’s society, and it’s part of
human nature to relate with other people in various conditions or
situations.

Answer 26

Communitarianism

Question 27

Stresses the idea of forming a group, foundation or an
organization in service to society. This perspective views society
as a community of citizens linked by common interests and
collective activity. Examples include people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements.

Answer 27

Civil Society Perspective

Question 28

This perspective highlights volunteerism. Members of
communities may involve themselves in various programs or
activities. The community uses self-organization and encourages
the local citizens to contribute to the community by taking
responsibilities and actions.

Answer 28

Local and Grassroots Perspective

Question 29

Views the community in
three different dimensions.

Answer 29

Institutional Perspective

Question 30

It is an existing
establishment or physical
space where members of
the community go for a
certain purpose.

Answer 30

First Dimension

Question 31

It is the institutional community
as a social model. This is defined
by networks and institutions
where community group are
formed in certain areas such as
schools, churches or companies.

Answer 31

Second dimension

Question 32

Community is composed of
the ways people act,
interact with each other,
react, and expect each
other to act and interact.

Answer 32

Third dimension

Question 33

They are important figures that will
guide the members to carry out the
plans in pursuit of the group’s
objectives.

Answer 33

Leaders

Question 34

They are appointed based
on qualifications, attitude
and most often, through the
votes of the residents.
Ex. National and local:
President, Vice, Mayor,
congressman and
governors.

Answer 34

Formal Power Structure

Question 35

There are also people who are
appointed because of their ability to
lead, direct or
achieve without an official leadership
title.
Examples are managers, supervisors,
philanthropists, businessmen,
producers and even employees who
lead their group as likable and
charismatic leaders.

Answer 35

Informal Power Structure

Question 36

Are individuals or bodies whose
authority is based on formal rules and
institutions. They are appointed
because of their intelligence,
reputations, decision-making,
dictation from laws and policies and
connections.
Example: appointments made by the
president of the country through
his/her Powers of Appointment as
stated in the constitution

Answer 36

LEGAL
AUTHORITATIVE
DECISIONMAKERS

Question 37

Community leaders are with
direct relation with you through familial relations,
affinities or feeling of kinship, and social network,…

Answer 37

Interrelationship

Question 38

They could be part of an institution
or an association, that has a particular purpose in
our community.

Answer 38

Organization

Question 39

Awareness of the ____
is necessary in aiding the residents to reflect on ways
to be positively involved in its improvement.
Being aware of the structure of the community and
exploring its aspects will help you understand the
necessary measures that should be undertaken to
serve as an active member of a community and as
future leaders of the community.

Answer 39

essential aspects of the community

Question 40

Structure of government

Answer 40

local politics

Question 41

Decision-making power and control

Answer 41

local politics

Question 42

Major issues currently in debate

Answer 42

local politics

Question 43

(total number of people)

Answer 43

• Population size (demographics)

Question 44

(ratio of people to the space
they inhabit)

Answer 44

Population density (demographics)

Question 45

(the extent to which community
members have diverse characteristics)

Answer 45

Heterogeneity (demographics)

Question 46

ethnic groups

Answer 46

demographics

Question 47

• Names given to various parts of the community

Answer 47

demographics

Question 48

• Areas known for having their own characteristics
  (ex: industrial area, blue collar
  families)

Answer 48

demographics

Question 49

Isolation from or closeness to other
communities

Answer 49

demographics

Question 50

• History of the area

Answer 50

demographics

Question 51

Changes and development of the area

Answer 51

demographics

Question 52

the community’s physical environment

Answer 52

geography and environmental influence

Question 53

the community’s location and proximity to
highways, bodies of water or mountains

Answer 53

geography and environmental influence

Question 54

existence of recreational areas concerns
regarding environment hazards such as
pollution, power shortages, among others

Answer 54

geography and environmental influence

Question 55

cultural values, traditions and beliefs of various
segments of the population

Answer 55

beliefs and attitudes

Question 56

spiritual and political values of the residents

Answer 56

beliefs and attitudes

Question 57

available social agencies and the help they
can extend

Answer 57

beliefs and attitudes

Question 58

perceptions of residents as part of the
community.

Answer 58

beliefs and attitudes

Question 59

• businesses, factories and other sources of
  employment that characterize the community

Answer 59

local economy and business

Question 60

nature of business (owned by local residents or
government)

Answer 60

local economy and business

Question 61

public assistance benefits available to residents

Answer 61

income distribution

Question 62

median income level of residents

Answer 62

income distribution

Question 63

• income levels and corresponding percentage of
  population.

Answer 63

income distribution

Question 64

• housing conditions

Answer 64

housing

Question 65

population density

not under demographics

Answer 65

housing

Question 66

types of housing

Answer 66

housing

Question 67

ownership and status of houses (rental, real
estate, etc.)

Answer 67

housing

Question 68

education system

Answer 68

Educational
facilities and
programs

Question 69

extent of community support

aspects of community

Answer 69

Educational
facilities and
programs

Question 70

existence of public and private schools

Answer 70

Educational
facilities and
programs

Question 71

adherence to intended curriculum of the
Department of Education

Answer 71

Educational
facilities and
programs

Question 72

adequate numbers of health professionals and
specialists

Answer 72

. Health and
Welfare Systems

Question 73

social service programs

Answer 73

Health and
Welfare Systems

Question 74

respect of service providers to the needs and
values of minority populations

Answer 74

health and welfare systems

Question 75

availability of fire and police protection

aspects of community

Answer 75

health and welfare systems

Question 76

safety of the environment

Answer 76

health and welfare systems

Question 77

• the residents’ view on public safety and justice
  system.

Answer 77

health and welfare systems

Question 78

presence of TV and radio stations and
newspapers which provide the people
information and perspectives on current events

Answer 78

Sources of
information and
public opinion

Question 79

community organizations’ capacity to update
residents on important information

Answer 79

Sources of
information and
public opinion

Question 80

the capacity of the sources of information to
enhance the residents’ skills to promote
positive change

Answer 80

. Sources of
information and
public opinion

Question 81

• the presence of community leaders who speak
  for various marginalized subgroups

Answer 81

Sources of
information and
public opinion

Question 82

overall assessment of community’s functioning

Answer 82

Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues

Question 83

dealing with social problems (youth gangs,
poverty, abuse)

Answer 83

. Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues

Question 84

gaps in social, health care, and other
community and educational services

Answer 84

Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues

Question 85

A ____ is an important figure in the
community.

Answer 85

leader

Question 86

Leaders must possess
important characteristics such as: (4)

Answer 86

1. effective communication
2. develeopment of social capital building
3. community engagement
4. collaboration

Question 87

an open communication is highly
recommended for leaders and their constituents. There should be free access
to important information concerning social issues and public matters.

Answer 87

effective communication

Question 88

developing a resilient
capital is among the most important contributors to successful
community leadership

Answer 88

Development of Social Capital Building-

Question 89

it is important to encourage young
leaders to participate so that they are ready to
take over when the time comes.

Answer 89

Community Engagement-

Question 90

leaders should learn to “build bridges” and
**develop networks among community leaders **within the diverse
fields.

Answer 90

Collaboration-

Question 91

is the capacity
of the community to exercise
control over activities and seek
ways to employ available resources
to establish a stronger and
successful community

Answer 91

Community Power

Question 92

A classification according to general type. In this module, this refers to the types of communities

Answer 92

Typology

Question 93

Institutionally stuctured hierarchies, which define the relationship between authoritative and subordinate groups

Answer 93

formal

Question 94

Seen to typically** operate through socio-cultural mechanisms** within the community structures

Answer 94

informal

Question 95

industrialised and commercial centers where population density is relatively high compared to rural communities

Answer 95

urban

Question 96

pastoral, agricultural, and located along the periphery of urban centers or in the countryside

Answer 96

rural

Question 97

integration and interaction between individuals and groups away from each other in time or space or both

Answer 97

global

Question 98

a group of people sharing the same environment and conditions such as intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks

Answer 98

local

Question 99

Types of typology communities (6)

Answer 99

1. formal
2. informal
3. global
4. local
5. rural
6. urban

Question 100

The group is created as per official
authority, fulfill certain goals or
objectives

Answer 100

formal

Question 101

The group possesses a systematic
hierarchical structure

Answer 101

formal

Question 102

The position of the member defines
his/her importance in the group

Answer 102

formal

Question 103

There is a personal relationship
among members

Answer 103

informal

Question 104

The flow of communication stretches
in all direction

Answer 104

informal

Question 105

Example: A group of jogging
enthusiasts who meet once a week
at the city park.

Answer 105

informal

Question 106

There is professional relationship
among members

Answer 106

formal

Question 107

Flow of communication is restricted
due to the chain of command

Answer 107

formal

Question 108

people have
assigned positions based their
functions.

Answer 108

Business Firm
-(Formal)

Question 109

The group is formed according to the
likes, interests, and attitudes of the
members

Answer 109

informal

Question 110

The group has a loose structure, and the
members join to satisfy their social
needs

Answer 110

informal

Question 111

Every member is important as any other
member

Answer 111

informal

Question 112

a phyiscal or virtual space which members of the community visit or where they stay

Answer 112

social space

Question 113

example: social centre, online social media, or gathering spaces where peopole gather or interact

Answer 113

social space

Question 114

types of social spaces (2)

Answer 114

1. owned by the government
2. private social spaces

Question 115

these are spaces genereally open and accesible to people

Answer 115

owned by the government

Question 116

examples: such as town squares, parks, and beaches

Answer 116

owned by the government

Question 117

are owned and regulated regularly, such as shopping malls

Answer 117

private social spaces

Question 118

these social spaces **may be used by community residnets **for their gatherings or simple recreation activities

Answer 118

private social spaces

Question 119

general characterisations of rural areas: (3)

Answer 119

1. few people
2. distant
3. livelihood

Question 120

population density is found to be low, meaning few people populate the entire community, and they tend to live far apart from each other

Answer 120

few people

Question 121

the area situated geographically distant from large urban areas

Answer 121

distant

Question 122

each area typically specialises in a particular form of livelihood, such as farming

Answer 122

livelihood

Question 123

characteristics of urban areas(7)

Answer 123

1. various industries and business are found in the areas
2. a large portion of people lived in rented apartments or houses
3. transportation is readily available although this may be costly
4. traffic and noise levels are high in these areas
5. urban areas are highly developed with many buildings and structures
6. have higher population density, with more diverse subgroups (ethinic, racial cultural, age, sexual orientation)
7. the large population gives rise to close interactions among many people as well as more intense political involvement among citizens

Question 124

They are various groups or
subdivisions of the larger community
divided based on characteristics such
as political, economic, cultural, and
religious beliefs.

Answer 124

community sectors

Question 125

Medical and mental health professionals;
pharmacists and pharmacies; hospitals
and other in-patient facilities, clinics,
non-traditional health practitioners;
public health agencies and systems

Answer 125

health

Question 126

Public and private preschools, K-12 schools,
colleges and universities, school committees,
school administrators, teachers, other
educational institution employees; parents,
students, state board of education; adult
basic education (ABE) and English as Second
or Other Language (ESOL) programs

Answer 126

education

Question 127

The local and state police, the court
system- judges, probation officers,
prosecutors, court appointed defense
lawyers, court-mandated program
for offenders.

Answer 127

law enforcement

Question 128

Regional, provincial, state, local, and
tribal government bureaucracies,
agencies, and officials, both elected
and appointed.

Answer 128

government

Question 129

From the self-employed carpenter
to the multinational corporation
with a local facility.

Answer 129

business

Question 130

Youth themselves (generally viewed as ages
18 and younger) and those who work
directly with them (youth violence
prevention and outreach programs, Big
Brother/Big Sister, Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs,
scouting, etc.) parents, human service,
culture, and sports/recreation sectors.

Answer 130

youth

Question 131

Newspapers and magazines, radio,
and TV, vast array of blogs, videos,
online news, and other materials
available on the internet

Answer 131

the media

Question 132

Non-profit professional and volunteer
organizations that provide free and
affordable services such as job training,
food, shelter, elder services, services for
individuals with physical or mental
disabilities, support and advocacy for
immigrants, among others.

Answer 132

human services

Question 133

Places of worship and their members,
religious organizations (e.g. Knights of
Columbus, CBCP) of all faiths, may
include the hierarchy of a national
church as well (a Roman Catholic
archbishop, for instance)

Answer 133

religion

Question 134

The Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and
other local and national or international
service organizations, college
fraternities/sororities or other local and
national social clubs, as well veterans’
organizations and the like

Answer 134

service/ fraternal organisation

Question 135

Individuals for or against political issue,
supportive of existing institutions,
oriented toward economics, or more
generally concerned with the quality of
community life (e.g. organizers of
community festivals)

Answer 135

community activist volunteer groups

Question 138

Artists such as musicians, dancers and
choreographers, writer, actors and directors,
designers and visual artists, as well as arts
organizations, theaters, orchestras, museums,
galleries, and those who work as support
staff in the arts- stagehands, cameramen,
electricians, set builders, etc. ; regular
consumers and supporters of the arts.

Answer 138

culture

Question 139

Both public and private non-profit housing
agencies and organizations that provide rent
subsidies or affordable housing. As well as
developers who build market-rate and upscale
residential and commercial properties may
include everyone from fair housing advocates to
those who own or manage urban real estate
worth millions of pesos

Answer 139

housing development

Question 140

Sports clubs, town or county recreation
departments, amateur and professional
athletic associations, public and private sports
and recreation facilities, gyms, coaches,
personal trainers, recreation leaders, and
camp directors, as well those who participate
in these groups as athletes, spectators, or
supporters.

Answer 140

sports and recreation

Question 141

Individual environmentalists, international,
national, and local environmental
organizations, conservation land trusts,
recreational hunters and fishermen, and other
outdoor people, hydrologists, those who make
a living from a pristine or carefully-managed
environment.

Answer 141

the environment

Question 142

Confined to rural areas, may also
include dairy farmers, cheesemakers,
winemakers and vineyards, and food
processors and packers, including all
consumers of the food produced.

Answer 142

agriculture

Question 143

types of community sectors (16)

Answer 143

1. health
2. education
3. law enforcement
4. government
5. business
6. youth
7. the media
8. human services
9. religion
10. service/ fraternal organisation
11. community activist volunteer groups
12. culture
13. housing development
14. sports and recreation
15. the environement
16. agriculture

Question 144

A ____ is defined as a group of people sharing the
same environment and conditions, intent, belief, resources,
preferences, and needs and risks. These factors may affect
the identities of the individuals as well as the community’s
degree of cohesiveness.

Answer 144

Local community

Question 145

A ____ may consist of business operators, public
agency staff, residents with interactions that may include
sharing of resources, information, and assistance

Answer 145

local community

Question 146

____ may also be present between local
businesses and consumers.

Answer 146

Commercial relationships (local community)

Question 147

A system characterized by integration and interaction
between individuals and groups away from each other in time
or space or both.

Answer 147

global community

Question 148

• The word “____” refers to the nation of the world
  considered closely connected by modern telecommunication,
  though they are economically, socially and politically
  independent (Sebastian, 2009, and dictionary.com)

Answer 148

global (global community)

Question 149

The domains and certain aspects of the local and global
communities intertwine.

Answer 149

global community

Question 150

• Establishments, programs, and other events that started in
  the local setup may eventually grow to have a global
  presence, such as the Jollibee fast food chain.

Answer 150

global community

Question 151

Proposed plans and programs in the local community, when
implemented successfully, may reach the global community,
and gain traction there as well such as outreach activities,
programs during calamities etc.

Answer 151

global community

Question 152

This perspective views society
as a community of citizens linked by common interests and
collective activity. Examples include people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements.

Answer 152

Civil Society Perspective