PVB L2

Question 1

What is Evidence-Based Medicine?

Answer 1

CLINICAL JUDGEMENT
(skills + knowledge acquired through expertise + practice)

PATIENTS’ VALUES + PREFRERNCES
(unique values + preferences of each patient - shared decision making between healthcare professional + patient)

RELEVANT SCIENTIFIC EVICENCE
(use best available scientific evidence)e.g. high quality research studies, meta analysis, systematic reviews

CONTINUOUS LEARNING + IMPROVEMENT

Question 2

What is the hippocratic oath?

Answer 2

Pledge taken by physicians
Ethical principles / moral compas for Dr
RESPECT FOR PATIENT AUTONOMY, BENEFICENCE (acting in patient’s best interest), non-maleficence (avoiding harm to patient), justice (fairness + equity in healthcare)

MEDICAL CONFIDENTIALITY

Question 3

State the 4 pillars of medical ethics

Answer 3

1. Justice
2. Non-maleficence
3. Autonomy
4. Beneficence

Question 4

State 3 regulatory bodies

Answer 4

GMC
GDC
NMC (nursing & midwifery council)

Question 5

Describe the role and importance of the GMC

Answer 5

• public body
• Keeps register of Dr in UK
• Protect, promote, maintain health + safety
  -controls who enters register
  -removes “strikes off” dr off register
  -sets standards for medical schools
  -claimimg membership when you are not a member is a crime
  -supported by fees paid by members

Question 6

Give examples of other regulatory bodies

Answer 6

Medical ethics comittees
Human Tissue Authority (regulate removal, storage, use, disposal of human bodies, organs, tissue)

Question 7

Why do we need regulatory bodies ?

Answer 7

• Alder Hey Organ Scandal
  (unathorised removal + retention of human tissue)
• Harold Shipman
  (convicted if 15 murders)
  GP

PATIENT SAFETY - enforce standards all healthcare providers must adhere to

QUALITY ASSURANCE - maintain + improve quality

PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY

REGISTRATION + LISENCING (those practicing have required qualifications)

Question 8

State the 4 domains of Good Medical Practice

Answer 8

Knoweldge, skills, performance

Safety + quality

Communication, partership, teamwork

Maintaing trust

Question 9

How should doctors communicate with patients?

Answer 9

1. Put patients’ interests first
2. Protect patients from aby risk posed by your health
3. COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY WITH PATIENTS - give clear info, so they can understand, obtain valid consent, treat them as individuals
4. Treat patients without discrimination

5.Be open if anything goes wrong

6. Maintain confidentiality

Question 10

What should doctors do to ensure they provide the highest quality of care to all patients?

Answer 10

• Keep up to date with skills, research, guidlines, law

-Act ethically, honeslty

-Maintain confidentiality , inside and outside

-Be protcted by legal defence agency

Question 11

In what manner should doctors act towards collegues to maintain the best level of care to all patients?

Answer 11

• Treat ALL collegues with respect
  -work together as MDT
  -Ensure any referral of care is to a competent colleague (correct delegation of tasks)
  -if you suspect a collegue is not competent, you are putting a patient at risk, YOU MUST ACT

Question 12

When dealing with colleagues, give three situations where as a doctor, you must act

Answer 12

• If you have referred care to a collegue and they are not competent
  -if environment is not safe
  -any sort of risk / harm to patient
  -if you suspect abuse of children, vulnerable adults

Question 13

In which situations will the GMC carrry out investigations?

Answer 13

ONLY FOR MATTERS WHICH QUESTION DOCTORS’ FITNESS TO PRACTICE

Question 14

If the GMC pose that a doctor is unfit to practice, what is the course of action?

Answer 14

Doctor + employer informed

Obtain evidennce - witness statement, expert reports, asses doctor’s health /performance, english language

Take statement from doctor

Question 15

Give possible outcomes of a GMC investigation

Answer 15

1. No further action
2. Warning issued
3. Undertakings agreed with doctor
4. Refer cause to Medical Practioners Tribunal Service (MPTS)
   -no action
   -undertakings agreed with doctor
   -plaec conditons on doctor’s registration
   -suspend doctor’s registration
   -erase doctor’s name from medical register