PVB L1 Flashcards
Define healthcare
Field concerned with maintence / restoration of health of body or mind
Services provided by country or organisation for treatment of the physically and mentally ill
State the 3 types of care in the healthcare system
Primary Care
Secondary Care
Tertiary Care
Give examples of primary care
GP
Practice nurse
Pharmacist
Optician
Dentist
Give examples of secondary care
Hospital clinic
Specialist doctor
Physiotherapist
Dietician
Give examples of tertiary care
National / regional specialist centre
eg. neurosurgery
Transplants etc
What is primary care?
First point of contact for patient
Day-day healthare
Principal point of continuing care
Coordinates other specialist care
What is the importance of primary care?
Primary care is considered the foundation of healthcare systems as it provides comprehensive, accessible, and continuous healthcare services. It plays a vital role in promoting overall health, preventing disease, and managing common health issues, serving as a gateway to specialized care when needed.
What is secondary care?
Planned / elective care
Urgent + emergency
Secondary care typically accessed through referral from primary care providers or through emergency services.
Distinction between primary and secondary care lies in the level of specialisation and complexity of medical services provided.
What is tertiary care?
Highets level of specialised healthcare services
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT REQUIRE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, SPECIALISED FACILITIES, HIGHLY TRAINED MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
RARE MEDICAL CONDITIONS
Cardiac surgery, oncology, organ transplantation, intensive care
What other services are available alongside primary, secondary, tertiary care services?
- Social care service
- Medication services
- Medical support services (non-clinical services + resources supporting delivery of healthacre)
What is social care?
Helping peple live comfortable lives
All forms of personal care and other practical assistance
- better quality of life
-personal care: support in activities including dressing, grooming, eating
By trained professionals - social workers, care assistants,
How do we assess healthcare?
Mortality - analysis of mortality rates with specific conditions, shows effectiveness of healthcare treatments
Morbidity - impact + prevalance of disease within population (no of cases, severity of symptoms, duration of ilness)
Preventable deaths
Life expectancy - considers halthcare, socio-economic, public health measures
Quality of life (physical + mental wellbeing, social interactions, satisfaction with healthcare)
Income-related disparity
Ease of access - waiting lists
Choice - patient autonomy
Pandemic response (how prepared)
What is the Kings Fund?
- Independent think tank (+charity)
“independent” - operates autonomously, not affected by any specific political party, govt dept etc - Involved with work related to the healthcare system of England
1. IMPROVEMENT IN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
development of more effective, efficient, patient-centered health system
Describe how the NHS is structured
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE + NHS ENGLAND PLAN
...
NHS ENGLAND FUND
...
CLINICAL COMMISIONING GROUP
NHS TRUSTS + GP PRACTICES PROVIDE
Describe the role of clinical commissioning groups (CCGs)
- Replaced PCTs (primary care trusts)
-Responsible for commisioning healthcare services based on NHS in respective local areas
-Various stakeholders - GPs, nursing directors, members of publicm, registered nurses (so that range of decisions taken into account)
In charge of commisioning NHS services:
-secondary care
-mental health services
-others
Commision from various providers:
-NHS hospitals
-charities
-private healthcare organisations
