GHM L2 Flashcards
Describe the position of the hypothalamus
Located below the thalamus, between the midbrain + optic chiasm
What is the thickness of hypothalamus?
3-4mm thick
Size of almond
What are the inputs of hypothalamus?
- Somatosensory
- Taste
- Smell
- Limbic system
- Retina
What factors does the hyothalamus sensor?
Hormones
BP
Temp
What are the functions of hypothalamus?
Regulation of body temp
Regulation of autonomic nervous system
Regulation of emotional responses
Regulartion of hunger
Regulation of growth
Give 2 nuclei of hypothalamus and state their functions
- PVN: Paraventricular nucleus. Responsible for
-Stress reponse
-Food intake
-Thyroid regulation
-Osmoregulation
SON: Supraoptic nucleus. Responsible for
-Blood pressure
-Osmoregulation
-Lactation
-Parturition
Give 2 hormones produced by the hypothalamus
- Liberins - releasing hormones
- Statins - inhibiting hormones
How are releasing + inhibiting hormones transported from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland?
They are transported directly only to anterioir pituitary gland via hypothalamic hypophyseal portal vein
What is the role of releasing hormones produced by hypothalamus?
Control of other hormones by stimulating release.
“turn on”
What is the role of inhibiting hormones produced by hypothalamus?
Control of other hormones by inhibiting release
“turn off”
Where is the pituitary gland located?
Located in hypophyseal fossa in sphenoid bone
Pea sized
Describe the structure of the pituitary gland
Pituitary - hypophysis
Anterior pituitary gland - ADENOHYPOHISIS
Posterioir pituitary gland NEUROHYPHISIS
Describe the structure of the anterioir pituitary gland?
The adenohyphysis
- Pars tuberalis
- Pars intermedia
- Pars distalis
Describe the structure of the posterioir pituitary gland?
- Pars nervosa
- Infundibular stalk
Sate the function of pars tuberalis
Reception for endocrine signals
State the function of pars intermedia
Sheath between the anterioir + posterior pituiatry gland. Small in humans
State the function of pars distalis
Hormone production
State the function of pars nervosa
Storage of OT (oxytocin) and ADH
State the function of infundibular stalk
Connecting bridge between hypothalmus and hypophysis (pituitary gland)