psychpathology Flashcards
disorder
clinically significant difficulties in thinking , feeling or behaviour
defining criteria of disorder
personal distress, disability , violation of social norms ,dysfunction
personal distress
anxiety and depression
not all disorders involve distress
disability
impairment in some important area of life- social or occupational disability
not all disorders involve disability
violation of social norms
behaviour that violates social norms might be classified as disordered
what are social norms
widely held standards defining what is considered to be normal behaviour in a particular situation
social norms vary
across cultures
dysfunction
psychological processes not functioning in a normal way eg hearing voices when objectively there are none
ancient times behaviour outside an individuals control was ascribed
to supernatural causes
demonology
evil being or spirit controlling his/her mind
treatment ancient times
exorcism , trephination- psychosurgery - hole drilled in the skull to let the evil spirits get out
Hippocrates
separated medicine from religion , magic and superstition. brain- organ of consciousness , intellectual life and emotions
Hippocrates content of dreams
symbolic
3 categories of mental illness
mania, melancholia, phrenitis depended on a delicate balance of 4 humours
imbalance = mental illness
treatment- restore balance- sobriety, nutrition , healthy sleep
plato
soul as a two horse chariot. driver- reason(ego), horses= spirit(superego -noble emotions) and appetite (base drive-id). imbalance = mental illness
