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Brain and behaviour term 1 > lecture 2 > Flashcards

lecture 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

hippocampus is a key

A

region in anterograde amnesia

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2
Q

damage to hippocampus results in

A

long term declarative memory formation impaired

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3
Q

korsakoffs syndrome

A

caused by thiamine deficiency as a result of long term alcohol abuse results in amnesia

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4
Q

amnesics are able to acquire

A

CR’s

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5
Q

eye blink conditioning experiement

A

subjects sat watching a movie whilst exposed to a tone then air puff
delay conditioning

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6
Q

who took part in the eye blink conditioning experiment

A

normal controls and a group of anterograde amnesics with hippocampal damage

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7
Q

results of eye blink conditioning

A

normal participants and amnesics acquired CR’S

but no amnesics formed a declarative memory of having undergone the procedure

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8
Q

but some normal controls did

A

not notice the CS-US relationship

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9
Q

trace conditioning

A

short beep then no stimulus then air puff

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10
Q

results of trace conditioning

A

amnesics failed to acquire CR’S

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11
Q

rat experiment

A

removal of hippocampus prior to conditioning - CR’S acquired if delay procedure is used but not the trace conditioning

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12
Q

what is needed for trace conditioning

A

hippocampus retains info about the CS over trace interval

if so- CR’s acquired before hippocampal removal should not be affected

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13
Q

stored memories are

A

not lost only the capacity to form new ones

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14
Q

hippocampus is crucial for

A

holding info overtime during acquisition of long term memories

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15
Q

hippocampus is Not involved in

A

delay conditioning but similar structure playing a similar role is the cerebral cortex

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16
Q

if the cerebella cortex is damaged

A

cr acquisition is no longer possible

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17
Q

If structures involved in acquisition are damaged

A

new long term memories cannot be stored - anterograde amnesia

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18
Q

if structs involved in retention are damaged

A

old memories are lost- retrograde amnesia

19
Q

hippocampus is important for forming

A

new memories but not for storing them

20
Q

delay conditioning does not require the

A

hippocampus

21
Q

forgetting In long term non declarative emory is much

A

less common eg- can’t forget how to ride a bike

22
Q

unlearning

A

undoing the effects of prior learning - where memory is non declarative

23
Q

reasons to undo learning

A

sport

get rid of phobias

24
Q

two ways of actively undoing the effects of learning

A

erasure and suppression

25
Q

erase

A

erase the memory

26
Q

suppression

A

suppress the memory

27
Q

reversal of habituation

A

dishabituation undoes the effects of short term habituation

28
Q

can the effects of pavlovian conditioning be undone

A

trainee learns to respond in an anticipatory manner(CR) due to the fact that a CS signals the occurrence of a US

29
Q

what procedure tests whether the trainee can learn to stop responding to the CS in an anticipatory fashion

A

phase 1 - training with forward conditioning protocol - CS is paired with US until learner acquires CR
phase 2 - exposure to a sequence of presentations of the same CS without US

30
Q

example of procedure

A 
CS=Tone
US= food delivered
UR= poke of nose
CR= poke of nose
gradually rat learns not to respond to poke its nose when it repeatedly hears a beep
31
Q

procedure that follows conditioning and involves presenting the CS without US is called an

A

extinction procedure

32
Q

does extinction procedure ERASE the memories or SUPPRESSION of CR

A

no

spontaneous recovery , renewal, reinstatement

33
Q

spontaneous recovery

A

condition = CS then US
extinction = CS without US
Delay and test = CS only
behaviour comes back - has not completely disappeared

34
Q

recovery tends to be greater for

A

longer intervals

35
Q

renewal

A

subject is conditioned in one context A
then transferred to a different context B
extinction procedure administered
after extinction transferred back to context A or new one

36
Q

extinction procedure

A

presenting CS without US

37
Q

renewal effect

A

back in context A animal is tested with CS alone - CR is present

38
Q

reinstatement

A

following extinction , the subject Is presented with an aversive US
CS elicits CR

39
Q

example of reinstatement procedure

A

CS= Tone US= foot shock

extinction - repeated presentation of the tone CS without the shock until the CR disappears

40
Q

Following extinction the shock US

A

is presented alone a few times and when the CS is presented alone, CR elicited once agin - reinstated

41
Q

exposure therapy

A

used for the treatment of phobias - may not remove the cause

42
Q

new learning that counteracts the effects of prior learning

A

inhibitory stimulus response connection

43
Q

conditional reflex pathway is intact but an inhibitory pathway is formed as a result of extinction which

A

prevents CR from occurring

44
Q

why suppress rather than erase

A

extinction is context sensitive - renewal and reinstatement

not completely lost but is available in contexts where its still useful

Brain and behaviour term 1 (36 decks)

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