lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

sociocultural factors - gender

A

some disorders affect men and women differently. women affected by depression men affected more by antisocial personality disorder

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2
Q

socio economic status

A

poverty as a major influence on psychological disorders

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3
Q

cultural/ethnic factors

A

some disorders appear to be specific to particular cultures. cultures influence how symptoms are expressed

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4
Q

interpersonal factors

A

quality of relationships - amount of social support

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5
Q

couples therapy

A

people in distressed marriages are 2-3 times more likely to experience psychological disorders. reduce relationship distress

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6
Q

family therapy

A

problems of the family impact on the members vice versa

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7
Q

attachment theory

A

Bowlby/ ainsworth - attachment relationships with parents in childhood affects adult attachment style and mental health

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8
Q

interpersonal therapy

A

emphasises the importance of current relationships and how problems these relationships contribute to psychological symptoms

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9
Q

diathesis stress model

A

links genetic , neurobiological , psychological and environmental factors

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10
Q

diathesis

stress

A

diathesis- vulnerability

stress- environmental/life disturbances

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11
Q

mood disorders

A

disabling disturbances in emotions - extreme sadness ,disengagement of depression

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12
Q

depressive disorder

A

profound sadness- sad mood, inability to experience pleasure

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13
Q

cognitive symptoms of depressive disorder

A

negative thoughts, lack of concentration , low self esteem and poor memory

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14
Q

physical symptoms

A

fatigue, low energy. sleep too much too little.

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15
Q

major depressive disorder

A

MDD is an episodic disorder - present for a period and then clears. average 4 episodes. with every episode - risk for further episode increase by 16%

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16
Q

dysthymia

A

chronic depressive disorder- low mood or loss of interest for more than half of the time and at least w additional symptoms

17
Q

dysthymia duration

A

at least 2 years but mean average is more than 5 years

18
Q

dysthymia symptoms

A

milder than in MDD

19
Q

life time prevalence of MDD and dysthymia

A

MDD=16% Dysthymia =2.5%

20
Q

gender differences MDD

A

is twice as common in women but no gender diff in childhood

21
Q

types of bipolar disorder

A

bipolar 1 , bipolar II and cyclothymic disorder

22
Q

types of bipolar disorders have one symptom in common

A

mania but differ in severity and duration

23
Q

bipolar II

A

experience mania and depression

24
Q

mania

A

state of intense elation or irritability

25
Q

people with mania may become

A

louder, sociable , self confident, stop sleeping but energetic

26
Q

hypomania

A

clear changes in functioning but no impairments- more social ,flirtatious , energised and productive. no psychotic symptoms

27
Q

bipolar I disorder

A

a manic episode at least once in a lifetime. abnormally increased activity and energy

28
Q

Bipolar 1 recurrence

A

more than 50% experience 4 or more episodes

29
Q

bipolar 1 is more

A

severe form of mental illness than in MDD

30
Q

bipolar II diagnosis

A

at least one major depressive episode and at least one episode of hypermania- milder form of bipolar

31
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

chronic disorder- frequent but mild symptoms of depression alternating with mild symptoms of mania