Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain and behaviour term 1 > lecture 2 > Flashcards

lecture 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

sensory neurons

A

send signals /nerve impulses to the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

interneurons

A

links the sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

motor neurons

A

send signals from the CNS to the muscles/glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

specialised receptor cells

A

repsond to changes in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

we only sense things when they

A

are changing

sensory adaptation - getting used to a specific stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sensory neurons from all over the body

A

send myelinated axons into the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

neurons transmitting precisely localised info

A
  • axons reach the top of the spinal cord - medulla (entrance to the Brain)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

neurons transmitting poorly localised in

A

axons synapse immediately with other neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sensory neurons from the head send axons directly into the

A

brain via cranial nerves (nerves emerging from the brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

all signals are transmitted via

A

several relay stations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the retina contains

A

photoreceptors which convert light into am electrical impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the retina sends signals to the

A

thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the retina made up of

A

photoreceptors , bipolar cells and ganglion cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

at each stage signals are

A

integrated with signals from lower processing levels , same level or higher level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

integration

A

several photoreceptors converse onto a bipolar cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

information processing

A

the combined input determines if the cell becomes active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

brainstem

A

hindbrain and midbrain (without cerebellum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

midbrain

A

mesencephalon- above pons

combines info from different senses and directs attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the midbrain contains

A

several nuclei of the Autonomic NS- clusters of cell bodies are found in the medulla and pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hindbrain

A

rhombencephalon - medulla , pons and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what his above the brainstem

A

diencephalon - gateway into the forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

thalamus

A

main relay station for all incoming sensory signals
receives downward going signals from the higher areas(visual cortex)
modulates relay of sensory signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hypothalamus

A

small structure in front of and below the thalamus

directly connected to the pituitary gland - master gland of the ES- gateway to ES

24
Q

In the forebrain is the

A

telencephalon - outer part
surrounds the diencephalon
main feature is the cerebral hemispheres

25
Q

from the diencephalon , incoming signals

A

go to the cerebrum which is divided into two highly similar hemispheres - each covered in cerebral cortex - thin layers of neurons and contains sub cortical nuclei

26
Q

grey matter

A

neurones cell bodies

27
Q

white matter

A

neurons myelinated axons

28
Q

functional organisation of the cerebrum

A

each hemisphere mainly receives input from contralateral side of the body
sends output to contralateral life of the body

29
Q

basal ganglia

A

group of nuclei surrounding the thalamus which is involved in motor control

30
Q

basal ganglia - consists of what nuclei

A

globus pallindus
putamen
caudate

31
Q

amygdala is

A

closely connected to the basal ganglia

functionally part of the limbic system

32
Q

the limbic system is composed of structures in the brain that deals with

A

emotions , memory and arousal

33
Q

the limbic system connects

A

the olfactory system
hypothalamus
sensory cortical areas

34
Q

cerebral cortex

A

thin layers of neurons covering the whole hemisphere

35
Q

corpus callosum

A

thick bundle of axons connecting the two hemispheres - virtually all signal transfer between hemispheres occur here

36
Q

cerebral cortex is

A

highly folded

37
Q

what are the lobes of the brain

A

occipital
temporal
parietal
frontal

38
Q

frontal

A

at the front - planning and motor output

39
Q

occipital

A

at the back - visual perception

40
Q

temporal

A

at the side- auditory perception

41
Q

parietal

A

at the top - somatosensory perception

42
Q

signal interpretation depend on the

A

location in therein where it arrives

43
Q

topographic representation of a somtotopic map

A

projection of the body surface onto a brain that is responsible for our sense of touch -somatosensory cortex

44
Q

retinotopic map

A

visual signals from neighbouring retinal positions arrive at neighbouring positions in the primary visual Cortex

45
Q

tonotopic map

A

auditory signals from adjacent areas of the cochlea arrive at adjacent areas in the primary auditory cortex

46
Q

neutron only transmit signals

A

in one direction - from dendrites to terminals

47
Q

motor output - supplementary and premotor cortices

A

planning and monitoring

48
Q

primary motor cortex

A

final output stage - execution of movement

49
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

covers frontal lobe - planning complex behaviour , decision making

50
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

parietal lobe - processes static sensations - position of the body in space

51
Q

posterior parietal cortex

A

spatial reasoning

52
Q

subcortical areas

A

basal ganglia and cerebellum

53
Q

basal ganglia

A

modulate movements involved in selective inhibition of movements

54
Q

cerebellum

A

posture and balance

55
Q

subcortical areas

A

basal ganglia and cerebellum

56
Q

basal ganglia

A

modulate movements , particularly involved in selective inhibition of movements

Brain and behaviour term 1 (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions