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Brain and behaviour term 1 > lecture 5 > Flashcards

lecture 5 Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

schizophrenia

A

hallucinations, delusions, disorganised thought and emotional dysfunction

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2
Q

parkinsons disease

A

movement disorder

trembling, slowness, rigidity, problems initiating voluntary movements

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3
Q

therapy for schizophrenia

A

antipsychotic drugs

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4
Q

side effects of drugs for schizophrenia

A

Parkinsonism

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5
Q

therapy for Parkinson’s disease

A

l-dopa - precursor of dopamine

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6
Q

possible side effects of drugs for Parkinson’s

A

psychotic disorder

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7
Q

acetylcholine

A

activates muscle fibre - muscle contraction

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8
Q

dopamine

A

voluntary movement , action planning, control

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9
Q

noradrenalin

A

increases vigilance and readiness to act

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10
Q

serotonin

A

calming , reduces impulsive behaviour

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11
Q

NT can bind to a

A

range of specific receptors

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12
Q

at different synapses

A

the same NT can have different effects

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13
Q

neurotransmitter synthesis

A

NT’S are often complex molecules that cannot be stored in large amounts
need to be constantly synthesised

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14
Q

drug

A

a substance that even in small quantities has major effects on bodily functions

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15
Q

psychoactive drug

A

a drug that affects the CNS and alters alertness, perceptual , cognitive and emotional processes

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16
Q

all psychoactive drugs

A

interfere with the brains neurotransmitter systems

17
Q

four functional categories

A

stimulants, depressants , analgesics , hallucinogens

18
Q

stimulants

A

increase neural activity or bodily functions

19
Q

depressants

A

decrease neural activity or bodily functions

20
Q

analgesics

A

relieve pain

21
Q

hallucinogens

A

cause hallucinations

22
Q

all of these have strong

A

euphoric effects - create a sense of intense well being

23
Q

direct interference - post synaptic receptor sites

A

are specific to NT molecular structure

24
Q

agonists DIRECT

A

mimic action of their NT- bind to receptor and open channel

25
Q

antagonists DIRECT

A

prevent action of their NT

block the receptor - no NT bind but don’t open the channel

26
Q

indirect interference

A

interfere with production , release, removal of NT’S

27
Q

agonists INDIRECT

A

increase availability of NT
increase production or prevent reuptake
making it more likely that the gate will open

28
Q

antagonists INDIRECT

A

decrease availability of NT

Disrupt production processes- making it less likely that the gate will open

29
Q

why do drugs produce systematic effects - not random ones

A

neurons are not distributed randomly- they form systematic , anatomical pathways

30
Q

two ways to identify pathways

A

anatomically and chemically

31
Q

anatomically

A

nigro- striatum pathway
begins in the substantial nigra and ends in the striatum
starting to end point

32
Q

chemically

A

dopaminergic pathway

uses dopamine throughout all stages

33
Q

dopaminergic nigro striatum pathway

A

involved in motor control

34
Q

dopaminergic meso limbic cortical pathway

A

involved in emotion , memory , planning and control

35
Q

schizophrenia is associated with

A

over activity in the mess limbic cortical pathway

too much dopamine/ hypersensitive dopamine receptors

36
Q

parkinsons disease

A

caused by degeneration of the substantia nigra
under activity in the NS pathway
lack of dopamine

37
Q

treatment for schizophrenia antipsychotic drugs-

A

dopamine antagonists- meso limbic cortical system returns to normal levels of activity

38
Q

psychopharmacology

A

why can’t we target the drug to stay in one pathway

target structures differ in distribution of dopamine receptor subtypes

Brain and behaviour term 1 (36 decks)

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