lecture 8 Flashcards
critical periods in development
children can learn many things much easier than adults
visa- motor skills- sports, musical
language
children can master
complex abstract concepts - lack basic info
self control - no toddler can sit any length of time
time perception
planning- consequences
NO COGNITIVE CONTROL
Plasticity of NS
critical period begins when critical structures are in place ends when required structural changes no longer possible
young brains can
rewire more quick compared to adult brains
blakemoore and Cooper
importance of critical period
kitten only see vertical lines- many AP’S fire when seeing vertical lines but very few AP’S fire when seen horizontal lines
virtual cortex only able to respond to vertical lines
some forms of learning have
no critical period
frontal lobes - are still developing
frontal lobes are important in
cognitive control
emotional expression, problem solving, memory, language, judgment
Brain injury from stroke
neuron death due to lack of oxygen and glucose - blocked blood vessel drowning in blood from a ruptured blood vessel
significant recovery possible
with sufficient training remaining healthy areas can form new connections with each other
reverse problems
cortical reorganisation after loss of input
brain intact but lose part of your body
amputation - loss of input to corresponding to part cortisol map
synaptic connections stay silent
wither away
making room for axons from nearby active areas
phantom sensation
from stimulation of body parts with adjacent cortical representations
sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached
reorganisation of the cortex
even if no neurons grow , axons and dendrites keep sprouting and form new connections
ageing
old age is associated with loss of structures
loss of muscle mass, cortex wither, neutron death and loss of synaptic connections
loss of function
decline in physical fitness and motor neurons
slower responses
decrease in mental feasibility
decrease in memory capacity
