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Step 1 > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

What type of defense is throwing a tantrum?

A

Acting out

Expressing unacceptable feelings and thoughts through actions

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2
Q

What type of defense is temporary, drastic changes in personality, memory, consciousness, or motor behavior?

A

Dissociation

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3
Q

What age is associated with ADHD

A

onset before age 12

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4
Q

What is coprolalia?

A

Involuntary obscene speech- assoc with Tourettes

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5
Q

What is the treatment for tourettes?

A

antipsychotics, behavioral therapy

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6
Q

When is separation anxiety commonly seen? What is the treatement?

A

7-9 y; SSRIs

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7
Q

What presents as loss of development, loss of verbal abilities, intellectual disability, ataxia, stereotyped hand-wringing? Commonly presents in girls

A

Rett syndrome

X-linked (males die in utero)

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8
Q

What neurotransmitter changes are associated with depression?

A

decr norepinephrine
decr 5-HT
decr dopamine

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9
Q

What neurotransmitter changes are associated with anxiety?

A

incr norepinephrine
decr GABA
decr 5-HT

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10
Q

What neurotransmitter changes are associated with schizophrenia?

A

Incr dopamine

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11
Q

What is korsakoff amnesia?

A

anterograde amnesia, assoc with thiamine deficiency, damage to mamillary bodies; seen in alcoholics

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12
Q

What are hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations?

A

Hypnogogic- occur when going to sleep

Hypnopopmic- occur when waking form sleep

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13
Q

What are EEG findings for delirium vs dementia?

A

delirium- EEG abnormal

dementia- EEG normal

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14
Q

What is a distorted perception of reality characterized by delusions, hallucinations and/or disorganized thinking?

A

Psychosis

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15
Q

What are the causes of visual, auditory, oflactor, and tactile hallucinations?

A

Visual- medical illness
Auditory- psychiatric illness
Olfactory- psychomotor epilepsy, brain tumor
Tactile- alcohol withdrawal, cocaine

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16
Q

How is delusional disorder characterized?

A

fixed, persistent, untrue belief system, lasting >1mo

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17
Q

Compare schizphrenia, brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder?

A

schizophrenia: >6mo, 2 of (delusion, hallucination, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, neg sx)
breif psychotic: <1mo
schizophreniform: 1-6 mo
schizoaffective: at least 2 weeks; psychotic sx with major depressive/manic

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18
Q

Compare bipolar I vs bipolar II

A

bipolar I: at least 1 manic episode with or without hypomanic or depressive episode
bipolar II: presence of a hypomanic and depressive episode

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19
Q

Treatment of bipolar disorder

A

mood stabilizers

atypical antipychotics

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20
Q

cylcothymic disorder

A

dysthymia and hypomania

milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years

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21
Q

Characterized by mood reactivity, reversed vegetative symptoms, leaden paralysis, long-standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity

A

atypical depression

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22
Q

what sleep changes are associated with depression?

A

decr slow wave sleep
dcr REM latency
incr total REM
repeated/early morning awakenings

23
Q

What is the treatment of social anxiety disorder?

A

SSRI

24
Q

What are the treatments for OCD?

A

SSRI, clomipramine

25
Q

Compare post-traumatic stress disorder vs acute stress disorder?

A

PTSD: >1mo

acute stress disorder: 3 days- 1mo

26
Q

Describe Munchausen syndrome

A

chronic factitious disorder; hx of multiple hospital admissions, willingness to receive invasive procedures

27
Q

Compare malingering vs factitious disorder

A

Malingering- faking or exaggerating for secondary gain (eg avoid work, compensation); complaints often cease after gain
Factitious- consciously creats sx for attention (primary gain)

28
Q

schizoid vs schizotypal vs paranoid personality disorder

A

schizoid- voluntary social withdrawal, limited emotional expression
paranoid- pervasive distrust and suspiciousness; projection common
schizotypal: eccentric appearance, magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness

29
Q

Cluster of personality disorders associated with odd or eccentric; inability to develop meaningful social relationships, no psychosis

A

Cluster A

30
Q

Cluster of personality disorders assocaited with dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors

A

Cluster B

31
Q

Cluster of personality disorder associated with anxiousness or fearfullness

A

Cluster C

32
Q

Personality disorder:

excessive emotionality and excitability, attention seeking, sexually provocative, overly concerned with appearance

A

Histrionic personality disorder

33
Q

Personality disorder:

grandiosity, sense of entitlement, lack of empathy, reacts to criticism with rage

A

narcissistic

34
Q

Personality disorder:

unstable mood and interpersonal relationships, impulsiveness, self-mutilation, boredom, sense of emptiness

A

borderline

35
Q

Compare sleep terror disorder vs nightmares?

A

sleep terror: occurs during slow-wave sleep

nightmare: during REM

36
Q

What is the pathophysiology and treatment of narcolepsy?

A

pathophysiology: decr orexin production in lateral hypothalamus
Treat: daytime stimulants (amphetamines, modafinil); nighttime sodium oxybate

37
Q

Intoxication associated with low safety margin and marked respiratory depression

A

barbiturates

38
Q

Withdrawal: delirium, life-threatening cardiovascular collapse

A

barbiturates

39
Q

Intoxication: ataxia, minor resp depression

A

benzodiazepines

40
Q

What serum test and LFTs indicate alcohol use?

A

GGT- sensitive indicator of alcohol use

AST 2x ALT

41
Q

Intoxication: euphoria, respiratory and CNS depression, decr gag reflex, pupillary constriction, seizures

A

opioids

42
Q

Intoxication: euphoria, grandiosity, pupil dilation, hypertension, anorexia, paranoia, fever

A

amphetamines

43
Q

intoxication: impaired judgement, pupillary dilation, halluciantion, angina, paranoid ideations

A

cocaine

44
Q

intoxication: restlessness, diuresis, muscle twitching

A

caffeine

45
Q

intoxication: belligerence, impulsiveness, fever, psychomotor agitation, analgesia, vertical and horizontal nystagmus, psychosis, homicidality

A

PCP

46
Q

intoxication: perceptual distortion, depersonalization, psychosis, paranoia

A

LSD

47
Q

intoxication: euphoria, anxiety, paranoid delusions, perception of slowed time, impaired judgement, dry mouth

A

marijuana

48
Q

Dronabinol

A

prescription form of marijuana

49
Q

Methadone

A

long-acting oral opiate; used for long-term maintenance

50
Q

naloxone + buprenorphine

A

partial agonist; long acting with fewer sx of withdrawal

51
Q

naltrexone

A

long acting antagonist; prevent relapse once detoxified

52
Q

What are the treatments for alcoholism?

A

disulfram (neg effects when take)

naltrexone

53
Q

What is the treatment for DTs?

A

benzodiazepines

Step 1 (34 decks)

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