Immunology Flashcards
1
Q
Cells in follicle of LN
A
B cell
2
Q
Cells in paracortex of LN
A
T cells
3
Q
Site of LN enlarged during reaction to virus
A
paracortex
4
Q
Primar vs secondary follicle in LN
A
Primar- dense and dormant
Secondary- pale center, active
5
Q
Cells in medulla of LN
A
reticular cells and macrophages
6
Q
Location and function of high endothelial venules of LN
A
paracortex, T and B cells enter from blood
7
Q
LNs that drain upper limb, breast, skin above umbilicus
A
axillary
8
Q
LNs that drain testes, ovaries, kidneys, uterus
A
para-aortic
9
Q
LNs that drain dorsolateral foot, posterior calf
A
popliteal
10
Q
LNs that drain lung
A
hilar
11
Q
LNs that drain trachea, esophagus
A
mediastinal
12
Q
Pathways affected by splenic dysfunction
A
IgM, C3b opsonization
13
Q
Cells in periarterial lymphatic sheath of spleen
A
T cells
14
Q
Cells in Red pulp of spleen
A
RBCs
15
Q
Cells in germinal centers of spleen
A
B cells
16
Q
Cells in marginal zone of spleen
A
APCs, B cells
17
Q
Describe cortex of thymus
A
dense, immature T cells, positive selection
18
Q
Describe medulla of thymus
A
pale, mature T cells, negative selection
19
Q
What is contained in Hassall corpuscle of thymus
A
epithelial reticular cells
20
Q
Origin of thymus
A
epithelium of 3rd pharyngeal pouch
21
Q
MHC I loci (HLA)
A
HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C
22
Q
MHC II loci (HLA)
A
HLA-DR, HLA-DP, HLA-DQ
23
Q
MHC: CD4 vs CD8
A
MHC I binds CD8, MHC II binds CD4
24
Q
what does b2 microblobulin do?
A
transports MHC 1 to surface
25
HLA-A3 assoc with
hemochromatosis
26
HLA-B27 assoc with (PAIR)
Psoriatic arthritis
Ankylosing spondilitis
IBD
Reactive arthritis
27
HLA-DQ2/DQ8 assoc with
Celiac
28
HLA-DR2 assoc with
MS
hay fever
SLE
Goodpasture syndrome
29
HLA-DR3 assoc with
DM1
SLE
Graves
30
HLA-DR4 assoc with
Rheumatoid arthritis
| DM1
31
HLA-DR5 assoc with
pernicious anemia
| hashimoto thyroiditis
32
What cytokines enhance NK cells
IL-2, IL-12, IFN-b, IFN-a
33
What do NK cells secrete to induce apoptosis
perforin, granzyme
34
Costimulatory signal for Naive T cell
B7 from dendritic cell binds CD28
35
Costimulator signal for B cell
CD40L from T cell binds CD40
36
What cytokine promotes Th1 cell
IL-12
37
What cytokine promotes Th2 cell
IL-4
38
what cytokines promote Th17 cell
TGFb, IL-6
39
What cytokine promotes Treg cell
TGFb
40
Function of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
Addition of nucleotides to DNA during, increases antibody diversity
41
Ab produced by mature B lymphcytes
IgM, IgD
42
Ab produced by plasma cells
IgA, IgE, IgG
43
What determines if antigen is thymus dependent?
Does it contain a protein component (If doesnt, cannot present by MHC to T cells)
44
What cytokines induce acute-phase reactants
IL-6, IL-1, TNFa, IFNg
45
Classic complement pathway
IgM or IgG mediated
46
Alternative complement pathway
microbe surface molecules
47
Lectin complement pathway
mannose or sugar on microbe
48
Function of C3b
opsonization
49
Function of C3a, C4a, C5a
anaphylaxis
50
Function of C5a
neutrophil chemotaxis
51
Function of C5b-C9
MAC
52
Inhibitors of complement
CD55 (DAF), C1 esterase inhibitor
53
Disease caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency; what is contraindicated
hereditary angioedema; ACE inhib contraindicated
54
What are increase risk associated with C3 deficeincy
pyogenic sinus and resp tract infx, type III hypersensitivity
55
Incr risk with C5-C9 deficiency
Neisseria bacteremia
56
IL-1 function
fever, acute inflammation
57
IL-2 function
Stimulate T cell growth
58
IL-6 function
fever, acute-phase reactants
59
IL-8 function
chemotaxis for neutrophils
60
TNFa function
activates endothelium, septic shock
61
IL3 function
bone marrow growth
62
IFNg
antiviral, antitumor, NK activation, MHC expression incr
63
IL5 function
B cell differentiation, IgA
64
IL10 function
inhibits Th1 cells
65
NK cell surface markers
CD16 (binds Fc), CD56
66
B cell receptor for EBV
CD21
67
What is endotoxin receptor of macrophages
CD14
68
Type of immunity in live attenuated vs inactivated vaccine
```
Live= cellular response, lifelong immunity
inactivated= humoral response, requires booster, safer
```
69
Mechanism of Type 1 reaction
Antigen crosslinks IgE of mast cell, basophil
70
Mechanism of Type II reaction
IgM, IgG bind, MAC formation
71
Mechanism of Type III reaction
Immune complex formation
72
Serum sickness
Type III reaction- drugs form hapten, cause fever, urticaria, arthralgia 5 days after exposure
73
Arthus reaction
Type III reaction- local reaction (edema, necrosis) to intradermal antigen injection
74
Mechanism of type IV reaction
delayed T cell mediated response
75
Anti-ACH receptor
Myasthenia gravis
76
Anti-basement membrane
Goodpasture syndrome
77
Anti-cardiolipin
SLE, APLS
78
Anticentromere
CREST syndrome (limited scleroderma
79
Anti-desmoglein
pemphigus vulgaris
80
Anti-hemidesmosome
bullous pemphigoid
81
antihistione
drug-induced lupus
82
Anti- glutamate decarboxylase
T1 DM
83
Anti-Jo-1, anti-SRP, anti-Mi-2
polymyositis, dermatomyositis
84
antimicrosomal
hashimoto thyroiditis
85
antimitochondrial
primary biliary cirrhosis
86
anti-Scl-70
diffuse scleroderma (topoisomerase I)
87
Anti-smooth muscle
autoimmune hepatitis
88
Anti-U1 RNP
mixed connective tissue disease
89
c-ANCA
Granulomatosis with polyangitis
90
IgA antiendomysial, anti-tissue transgltaminase
celiac disease
91
p-ANCA
microscopic polyangitis, Churg-strauss syndrome
92
RF, anti-CCP
rheumatoid arthritis
93
X-linked (bruton) agammaglobulinemia defect
BTK- tyrosine kinase; no B cell maturation
94
recurrent bacterial, enteroviral infection after 6 mo
X-linked (bruton) agammaglobulinemia
95
asymptomatic, airway and GI infx, autoimmune, atopy
Selective IgA deficiency presentation
96
B-cell differentiation defect; autoimmune disease, bronchiectasis, lymphoma, sinopulmonary infections
Common variable immunodifiency defect, presentation
97
DiGeorge syndrome defect
22q11 deletion; absent thymus, parathyroid (3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches)
98
IL-12 Receptor deficiency
Autosomal recessive; decr Th1- mycobacterial and fungal infx
99
Job syndrome defect
absent Th17 due to STAT3 mutation
100
course facies, staphylococcal abscesses, retained primary teeth, incr IgE, eczema
Jobs syndrome
101
Defects, inheritance in SCID
IL2R- Xlinked
| Adenosine deaminase deficiency- autosomal recessive
102
Failure to thrive, recurrent diarrhea, thrush; recurrent viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal infection
SCID
103
Cerebellar defect, spider angioma, IgA deficiency
Ataxia-telangiectasia
104
Ataxia-telangiectasia defect
defect of ATM gene, DNA strand breaks
105
Thrombocyopenic purpura, eczema, recurrent infection
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
106
Defect in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
X-linked recessive WAS gene; T cells unable to reorganize actin cytoskeleton
107
Defect in hyper-IgM syndrome
```
Defective CD40Lin Th cell- class switching failure
X-linked recessive
```
108
severe pyogenic infection early in life; opportunistic infection with pneumocysits, cryptosporidium, CMV
Hyper-IgM syndrome
109
Recurrent bacterial skin and mucosal infection, absent pus formation, impaired wound healing, delayed umbilical cord separation
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (type-1)
110
Defect in LFA-1
Defect LFA-1 integrin, CD18 on phagocytes; impaired migration and chemotaxis; AR
111
Recurrent pyogenic infections by staph, strep; partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy, progressive neurodegeneration, inflitrative lymphohistiocitysos
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
112
Chediak-Higashi syndrome defect and finding
LYST- lysosomal trafficking regulator gene; microtubule dysfunction in phagosome-lysosome fusion; giant granules in neutrophils and platelets; AR
113
Susceptibility to catalase positive organisms
Chronic granulomatous disease
114
Chronic granulomatous disease defect
NADPH oxidase, X-linked recessive
115
Abnormal dihydrohodamine test
Chronic granulomatous disease
116
Cyclosporine mechanism
calcineurin inhibitor; binds cyclophilin; prevents IL-2 transcription
117
Toxicity of calcineurin inh
nephrotoxicity
118
Tacrolimus mechanism
calcineurin inhibitor; binds FKBP; prevents IL-2 transcription
119
Sirolimus mechanism
mTOR inhibitor; binds FKBP; prevents IL-2 signal transduction
120
Basiliximab
mAb against IL-2R
121
Azathioprine
6-MP
122
Alemtuzumab target, use
CD52, CLL
123
Cetximab target, use
EGFR, colorectal Ca, head & neck cancer
124
Infliximab target
TNF-a
125
adalimumab target
TNFa
126
Natalizumab target, use
a4-integrin (leukoctye adhesion); MS, crohns
127
Denosumab target
RANKL
128
Palivizumab target, use
RSV F protein; prophylaxis for at risk infants
