Pharmacology for Endocrinology

Question 1

Lispro

Answer 1

Rapid acting insulin

Question 2

Aspart

Answer 2

Rapid acting insulin

Question 3

Glulisine

Answer 3

Rapid acting insulin

Question 4

NPH

Answer 4

intermediate acting insulin

Question 5

Glargine

Answer 5

long acting insulin

Question 6

Detemir

Answer 6

long acting insulin

Question 7

Biguanide

Answer 7

metformin

Question 8

Contraindication for metformin

Answer 8

Creatinine >1.5

Question 9

Most serious side effect of metformin

Answer 9

lactic acidosis

Question 10

Tolbutamide

Answer 10

Sulfonurea, first generation

Question 11

Chlorpropamide

Answer 11

Sulfonurea, first generation

Question 12

Glyburide

Answer 12

Sulfonurea, second generation

Question 13

Glimepiride

Answer 13

Sulfonurea, second generation

Question 14

Glipizide

Answer 14

Sulfonurea, second generation

Question 15

Mechanism of sulfonyureas

Answer 15

Close K+ channel in b cell membrane, depolarize cell, trigger insulin release

Question 16

Glitazones (pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone) mechanism

Answer 16

bind PPARgamma, incr insulin sensativity in peripheral tissue

Question 17

side effects of glitazones

Answer 17

weight gain, edema, hepatotoxicity, heart failure

Question 18

Acarbose

Answer 18

a-glucosidase inhibitor

Question 19

Miglitol

Answer 19

a-glucosidase inhibitor

Question 20

Mechanism of a-glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 20

inhibit intenstinal brush border a-glucosidase, delayed sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption

Question 21

Pramlintide

Answer 21

Amylin analog

Question 22

Mechanism of Amylin analog

Answer 22

decr gastric emptying, glucagon

Question 23

Exanatide

Answer 23

GLP-1 analog

Question 24

Liraglutide

Answer 24

GLP-1 analog

Question 25

Linagliptin

Answer 25

DPP-4 inhibitor

Question 26

Saxagliptin, sitagliptin

Answer 26

DPP-4 inhibitor

Question 27

Mechanism of GLP-1 analog

Answer 27

incr insulin, decr glucagon release

Question 28

Toxicity of GLP-1 analog

Answer 28

n/v, pancreatitis

Question 29

Mechanism of DPP-4 inhibitor

Answer 29

incr insulin, decr glucagon release

Question 30

Toxcicity of DPP-4 inhibitor

Answer 30

mild urinary or respiratory infections

Question 31

Propylthiouracil

Answer 31

blocks thyroid peroxidase

Question 32

Methimazole

Answer 32

blocks thyroid peroxidase

Question 33

Side effects of propylthiouracil

Answer 33

rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hepatotoxcicity

Question 34

Hydrocortisone

Answer 34

glucocorticoid, Low anti-inflam

Question 35

Prednisone

Answer 35

glucocorticoid, medium antiinflamm

Question 36

Triamcinolone

Answer 36

glucocorticoid, long-acting antiinflam

Question 37

Dexamethasone

Answer 37

glucocorticoid, high anti inflam

Question 38

Fludrocortisone

Answer 38

glucocorticoid + mineralicorticoid activity

Question 39

Beclomethasone

Answer 39

glucocorticoid, high anti inflam, used topically