PSY 100 Ch 1

Question 1

Who became the first women to receive a psychology PHD and the second to become an APA president?

Answer 1

Margaret Floy Washburn in 1921

Question 2

Martin Seligman has called for more research on human flourishing. What is this approach to psychology called?

Answer 2

positive approach

Question 3

What type of psychologist investigate the psychological, biological, and behavioral facts that promote or impair our health?

Answer 3

Health psychologist

Question 4

What type of psychologist assess and treat mental, emotional and behavior disorders? (without drugs)

Answer 4

clinical psychologist

Question 5

What type of psychologist scientifically explore how we perceive, process, and remember information and even why we can become anxious or depressed?

Answer 5

cognitive

Question 6

What type of psychologist are experimenting with how we perceive, think, and solve problems?

Answer 6

cognitive

Question 7

What is anything a human or nonhuman animal does? any action we can observe and record

Answer 7

behavior

Question 8

What are the four big ideas in psychology?

Answer 8

critical thinking, biosychosocial approach, two track mind, and exploring human strengths

Question 9

Psychology as we know it was born in what year and where?

Answer 9

1879 in a german university

Question 10

Who created psychology as we know it in 1879?

Answer 10

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 11

how was psychology defined for the early pioneers?

Answer 11

the science of mental life

Question 12

Who (2) insisted that psychology must be “the scientific study of observable behavior”

Answer 12

John B. Watson and latter B. F. Skinner

Question 13

What type of psychology emphasized our unconscious thoughts processed and our emotional response to childhood experiences?

Answer 13

freudian psychology

Question 14

_____ psychologist, led by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, found both freudian psychology and behaviorism too limiting.

Answer 14

Humanistic

Question 15

What are the internal states we infer from behavior - such as thoughts, beliefs and feelings?

Answer 15

mental processes

Question 16

What type of psychologist explore the links between the brain and mind?

Answer 16

biological

Question 17

What type of psychologist study the changing abilities from womb to tomb?

Answer 17

Developmental

Question 18

What type of psychologist help people cope with personal and career challenges by recognizing their strengths and resources?

Answer 18

counseling

Question 19

What type of psychologist study and advise on behavior in the workplace?

Answer 19

industrial-organizational

Question 20

What are he three levels of human behavior?

Answer 20

biological, psychological, and social-cultural

Question 21

What are the two track mind levels?

Answer 21

conscious and unconscious

Question 22

What is dual processing?

Answer 22

the two track mind idea

Question 23

What is the the tendency to believe, after
learning an outcome, that we could have predicted it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along
phenomenon.)

Answer 23

the hindsight bias

Question 24

Our intuitive thinking is flawed by what three tendencies?

Answer 24

hindsight bias, overconfidence, and receiving patterns in random events

Question 25

What makes scientific inquiry so useful

for detecting truth?

Answer 25

three basic attitudes: curiosity, skepticism,

and humility.

Question 26

What, in science, explains behaviors or events by offering ideas that organize what we have observed?

Answer 26

theory

Question 27

What makes a theory good?

Answer 27

its ability to produce testable predictions called hypotheses

Question 28

How do psychologist prevent their biases when doing an experiment?

Answer 28

Create operational definitions that clearly define the factors and allow them to replicate their research

Question 29

What are three methods to test a hypotheses?

Answer 29

descriptive method, correlation methods, and experimental methods

Question 30

How are descriptive methods used to test a hypotheses?

Answer 30

by using case studies, naturalistic observations, or surveys

Question 31

What is used to examine one individual or group in great depth, in the hope of revealing things true of us all?

Answer 31

a case study

Question 32

What helps us figure how closely two things vary together, and thus how ell either one predicts the other?

Answer 32

a correlation coefficient

Question 33

What type of correlation indicates a direct relationship, meaning that two things increase together or decrease together?

Answer 33

positive correlation (0 to 1.00)

Question 34

What type of correlation indicates an inverse relationship?

Answer 34

negative (0 to -1.00)

Question 35

What term refers to assigning participants to
experimental and control groups by chance, thus
minimizing any differences between the groups?

Answer 35

random assignment

Question 36

What in an experiment, is the group exposed to the treatment or the independent variable?

Answer 36

experimental group

Question 37

Which group in an experiment, is not exposed to treatment or the independent variable?

Answer 37

the control group

Question 38

What is a procedure in which participants and the research staff are ignorant about who has received the treatment or a placebo?

Answer 38

a double blind procedure

Question 39

What, in an experiment, is the factor that is manipulated? (the variable that might produce and effect)

Answer 39

independent variable

Question 40

What, in and experiment, is a facto other than the independent variable that might produce an effect?

Answer 40

confounding variable

Question 41

What, in an experiment, is the factor that is measured, the variable that may change when the independent variable is manipulated?

Answer 41

dependent variable

Question 42

What is SQ3R?

Answer 42

survey, question, read, receive, review