HM MAN ch 9: prev med and IC Flashcards
____ is defined as the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with hazardous waste.
Sanitation
___ and ___ are considered the most desirable means of maintaining good health.
Prevention
Control of disease
Who performs sanitation inspections and recommendations to the commanding officer?
The HM as the medical department representative
A ___ is any animal capable or transmitting pathogens or producing human or animal discomfort or injury.
Vector
___ are organisms that advert affect military operations and the well being of man and animal (insects, rodents, snakes)
Pests
What form is used as the “food service sanitation inspection”?
NAVMED form 6240/1
Vaccines that protect navy and marine corps personnel against certain diseases before exposure to infection are called ___.
Prophylactic immunizations
What instruction is the control of communicable diseases manual?
NAVMED P-5038
What series is the medical event report?
BUMEDINST 6220.12
What are 6 examples of processes used to purify water?
1) aeration
2) coagulation
3) flocculation
4) filtration
5) reverse osmosis
6) disinfection
The overboard discharge of untreated sewage from DOD ships within _ nautical miles from shore is prohibited by federal law.
3
In 2008 infections accounted for an estimated ___ infections and __ associated deaths in American hospitals according to the CDC.
1.7 million
99,000
___ is the state of being free of pathogenic organisms.
Asepsis
___ is the number of micro-organisms contaminating an object; know as bio load or microbial load
Bioburdon
___ is a diagnostic test of a prevacuum sterilizer’s ability to remove air from the chamber
Bowie-dick test type
___ is the presence or reasonably expected presence of blood or other potentially infectious material on an item or surface.
Contaminated
__ a reproduction of growth of micro-organisms in living tissue cells or a nutrient medium
Culture
__ are instruments and materials that penetrate the skin, mucus membranes, or bone. Must be sterile prior to use.
Critical items
__ are Instruments or materials that frequently contact mucus membranes, but cannot be sterilized because of of their design or inability to withstand heat.
Semi-critical items
__ are instruments equipment, or materials that do not normally penetrate or contact mucus membranes, but are exposed to splash or splatters.
Non-critical items
__ are methods of managing environment and health by placing a barrier between the contamination and the rest of the site.
Engineered controls
Micro-organisms are classified as what five things?
Bacteria Bacterial spores Viruses Protozoa Fungi
Are viruses larger or smaller than bacteria
Much smaller
Can viruses live long outside their host?
No
What are the three subgroups of viruses?
1) bacterial viruses
2) animal viruses
3) plant viruses
Most virus are susceptible to boiling water for at least how long?
20 mins
__ are single felled animals that do not have a rigid cell wall.
ProtoZoa
Can Protozoa live freely outside of their host?
Yes
__ are plants that lack chlorophyll.
Fungi
___ are free living organisms that are smaller than Protozoa.
Fungi
Mold and yeast are forms of ___
Fungi
Molds normally form cells how?
In long chains or threads that grow into tangled masses
What are the two type of flora that skin harbors?
Resident and transient
Skin flora:
__ organisms characteristics include:
- can survive and will multiply on the skin
Can be cultured repeatedly from the skin
- are usually of low virulence and are not easily removed
Resident flora
Skin flora:
__ organisms characteristics include:
-do not survive and will not multiply on the skin
-are not freely attached to the skin
-are effectively removed by rubbing of hands together and rinsing with soap
Transient bacteria
What are three examples of water based cleansing agents?
Alcohol
Chlorhexidine
Iodophors
Waterless hand washing contains __% isopropyl alcohol and virtually disinfects the skin in __ seconds.
70%
20 seconds
Hand washing increases the protective nature of the glove by up what percent ?
60
What are the highest quality, most effective, and best fitting type of glove
Sterile surgical
What is the least expensive type of non-sterile glove?
Latex examination glove
What are the three types of masks used as ppe by health care personnel?
Surgical masks
Cone masks
N95 respirator
What are the second tier of infection prevention?
Transmission based precautions
What does MRSA stand for?
Methicillin
Resistant
Staphylococcus
Aureus
Are masks necessary for contact precaution patients?
No
___ consist of daily measures taken to control the spread of pathological organisms?
Concurrent disinfection
___ consists of those measures taken to destroy pathogenic organisms remaining on a patient after they have been removed from isolation.
Terminal disinfection
At the beginning of the day dental treatment rolls must flush their water hose lines for how long?
1 min
At the ene of the day dental treatment rooms must flush their water hose lines for how long?
30 seconds
What are three methods of treatment for microbiological items?
Steam sterilization
Chemical disinfection
Incineration
What is the method of disposal for microbiological items?
Sanitary landfill
