Prompting & Transfer of Stimulus Control

Question 1

Explain how the therapist used PROMPTING on Jan, who would not feed herself

Answer 1

First he demonstrated how he does it, then he did it for Jan (by holding her hand and moving it) while praising her when she did it.
Then he slowly moved his hand to her wrists, her elbow, and then did not contact her at all. Eventually she was able to do it by herself

Question 2

What is Prompting

Answer 2

Giving stimuli before (or during) performance of a behaviour to increase the likelihood that a person will engage in the target behaviour the correct way and at the correct time (giving assistance)

Question 3

What is Response Prompt

Answer 3

behaviour of another person that evokes the behaviour from the target person

Question 4

What is Verbal Prompt

Answer 4

hints, instructions, commands, or any other spoken words used to guide behaviour

Question 5

What are Gestural Prompts

Answer 5

Physical movements that indicate how, where, or what behaviour to perform
eg. pointing to food and Childs mouth)

Question 6

What is Modelling prompt

Answer 6

demonstration of the entire target behaviour by another person

Question 7

What us Physical Guidance Prompt

Answer 7

Another person physically assists in the target behaviour

Question 8

What is Three-Step Prompting

Answer 8

using verbal, modelling, then physical guidance prompts

Question 9

What is a Stimulus Prompt

Answer 9

Another stimulus is added, removed, or SD is altered

Question 10

What is a Within-Stimulus Prompt

Answer 10

Changing then SD in someway (location, dimension, size, shape, etc)

Question 11

What is a Extra-Stimulus Prompt

Answer 11

Adding a stimulus to the SD

Question 12

What are Picture prompts and what are Auditory prompts

Answer 12

Picture = Drawings or photos
Auditory = sounds (not words)

Question 13

What are Environmental Prompts

Answer 13

alterations or additions to the physical environment
eg. changing the seating arrangement in a classroom

Question 14

What is a “Transfer of Stimulus Control”

Answer 14

When prompts are faded, reduced, or eliminated so that target behaviour occurs to the normal SD alone

Question 15

What is Fading

Answer 15

gradual elimination of promoting so that it is eventually not needed

Question 16

What is RESPONSE prompt fading

Answer 16

when the response prompt is gradually lessened

Question 17

What is Fading WITHIN prompt

Answer 17

Same prompt is used but is decreased in magnitude
eg. teacher shows flash card with the word blueberry, and her prompts are reduced from saying blueberry, to blue-, to b-

Question 18

What is Fading ACROSS prompts

Answer 18

The prompt is change according to a prompt hierarchy

Question 19

What is Most-to-Least Prompting and Fading, and what us Least-to-Most

Answer 19

Most to least: prompts changing to most intrusive to less intrusive

Least to most is the opposite

Question 20

What is Shadowing

Answer 20

teachers hand follows learners movement without contact

Question 21

What is Spacial Fading

Answer 21

focus of guidance (eg.teachers hand contact) changes from fingers, to hand, to wrist, to elbow, etc.

Question 22

What is Prompt Delay

Answer 22

Present SD, wait a few seconds, and if target behaviour does not occur, provide the prompt

Question 23

What are the 7 steps of Using Prompting and Transfer of Stimulus Control

Answer 23

1. choose a prompting strategy
2. get the learners attention
3. present the SD
4. if SD doesn’t work, use the prompting
5. Reinforce the correct behaviour
6. Transfer stimulus control
7. continue to reinforce

Question 24

When are physical prompts appropriate

Answer 24

When verbal prompts of modelling prompts are ineffective

Question 25

What is Physical prompting also called

Answer 25

physical guidance

Question 26

Presenting the SD, prompting the response, and providing a reinforcers is called a _______ _______. You repeat this multiple times and provide less prompting each time.

Answer 26

Learning Trial