Graphing & Research Designs Flashcards
What are the components of a line graph (6 things) and 2 things you should include
- X & Y Axis lines
- Labels for the X and Y axis
- numbers on both axis
- data points, and lines connecting them
- Phase lines (if there are different phases)
- Phase labels
Should include the clients name/initials, behaviours, or settings
Use a data summary (like a table)
what are 6 things to NOT do in a line graph
Don’t put different target behaviours on the same graph.
Don’t use a legend to indicate phases
Don’t use gridlines
Don’t add a title
and Don’t connect the baseline phase curve to treatment phase curve (in the phase lines)
What are the 4 basic components of a research design
1) Indépendant variable (applying the treatment)
2) Dependant variable (behaviour measured
3) Cofounding Variable (don’t want)
4) Functional relationship (treatment/procedure regularly causes a change in target behaviour)
For the “Functional Relationship” component, it requires two criteria, which are…
IV-DV relationship (changing one changes the other)
Replication (consistent pattern of results)
What is an “AB Design”
Has one baseline phase (A) and one treatment phase (B)
- in the baseline phase, we collect at least 3 data points that don’t show a trend
- not good for a research resign bc there is no replication, but good for self-management
What is an “ABAB design”
also known as reversal design
Has two baseline phases and two treatment phases
- can be varied to include more than one kind of treatment (ABAC) or (ABCAC)
- can establish cause and effect
What are 2 Cons about the “ABAB reversal design”
- May be unethical to withdraw a beneficial intervention
- Behaviour might not revert back in second baseline
What are Multiple Baseline Designs
Where more than one A-B design is carries out (different behaviours, settings, and subjects being measured)
What are multiple baseline across subjects
applying treatment to several different people
eg. nurses wearing protective gloves with HIV-patients
What are multiple baseline across behaviours
applying treatment to several different target behaviours (staggered over time)
What are multiple baseline over settings
applying treatment in several different settings
eg.treatment of stuttering at home, at work, and In public
What is a “Changing-Criterion Design”
when criterion for successful treatment progressively changes
Uses AB design but goal for target behaviour changes in treatment phase
What is the “Alternating-Treatments Design”
Rapid alteration between a baseline and treatment (or two treatment) phases
example, a researcher comparing two methods for eliminating disruptive classroom behaviour might have the teacher use one method throughout the morning and the other method throughout the afternoon and then evaluate the student’s behavior with each technique
