Posterior Triangle Flashcards
What are the borders of the posterior triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid muscle, the trapezius muscle and the clavicle inferiorly
What lays on top of the anterior scalene muscle?
Phrenic Nerve
Which direction does the head move if the right sternocleidomastoid contracts?
To the left
What are the layers of cervical fascia in the neck?
Superficial Cervical Fascia - fat, cutaneous nerves, vessels, platysma
Investing Fascia - envelopes all structures of the neck except the platysma
Infrahyoid Fascia – envelops and isolates movements of strap muscles.
Carotid Sheath – envelops Carotid a, Internal Jugular v. & Vagus n.
Prevertebral Fascia - invests vertebral column and associated muscles.
Pretracheal Fascia - encapsulates trachea, esophagus and thyroid gland.
Anterior Scalene
Innervation: C5-C6
Action: Elevate first rib
Posterior Scalene
Innervation: C6-C8
Action: Elevate first rib
Middle Scalene
Innervation: C3-C8
Action: Elevate second rib
What are the branches of the subclavian artery?
Proximal to anterior scalene m.
- Vertebral Artery
- Internal Thoracic Artery
- Thyrocervical Trunk: 4 main branches
Under/deep to anterior scalene muscle
-Costocervical Trunk: 2 branches
Distal to the anterior scalene muscle
-Dorsal scapular artery (sometimes absent)
VITamin C and sometimes D
What nerves are a part of the cervical plexus?
Geniohyoid Thyrohyoid Greater auricular nerve Lesser occipital nerve Transverse cervical nerve Supraclavicular nerves Ansa Cervicalis Phrenic Nerve Vagus Nerve (X) Spinal Accessory Nerve (XI) Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
What cervical branches forms these nerves:
Greater auricular nerve
Lesser occipital nerve
Transverse cervical nerve
LO - C2
GA - C2 and C3
TC - C2 and C3
Which is the largest of the three scalene muscles?
The middle scalene is the largest of the three
What are the sensory nerves of the cervical plexus?
Lesser Occipital Nerve
Great Auricular Nerve
Supraclavicular Nerves
Transverse Cervical Nerve
What are the motor nerves of the cervical plexus?
Glenohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Ansa Cervicalis (superior omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid and inferior omohyoid)
Phrenic Nerve
What are the cranial nerves in the cervical plexus?
Vagus Nerve (X) Spinal Accessory Nerve (XI) Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
Where is the subclavian artery located with respect to the scalenes?
Deep to the anterior scalene muscle
