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Anatomy > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the larynx?

A

It is the organ of voice production and the part of the respiratory tract between the lower pharynx and the trachea.

It prevents the passage of food into the airway and regulates airflow for vocalization (phonation).

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2
Q

What are the single cartilages of the larynx?

A

Epiglottis
Thyroid
Cricoid

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3
Q

What are the paired cartilages of the larynx?

A

Arytenoid
Corinculate
Cuneiform

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4
Q

What is the only complete ring of cartilage in the larynx?

A

Cricoid

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the larynx?

A

It extends from C3 to C6

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6
Q

What attaches the epiglottis?

A

The epiglottis is attached to the thyroid cartilage by the thyroepiglottic ligament

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7
Q

What is the aryepiglottic fold?

A

It makes up the opening of the larynx

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8
Q

What are the joints of the cricoid cartilage?

A

Cricothyroid Joints

Cricoarytenoid Joints

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9
Q

Where do the vocal cords attach?

A

They attach to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage

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10
Q

What are extrinsic membranes of the larynx?

A

Extrinsic membranes connect the laryngeal apparatus with adjacent structures for support.

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11
Q

Name the extrinsic membranes of the larynx.

A

Thyrohyoid Membrane

Cricotracheal Membrane

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12
Q

What structures pierce the thyrohyoid membrane?

A

Internal laryngeal nerve & superior laryngeal artery

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13
Q

Name the intrinsic membranes of the larynx.

A

Quadrangular Membrane

Cricothyroid Membrane

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14
Q

What does the quadrangular membrane contain and what does it run between?

A

It contains the cuneiform cartilages and it runs between the epiglottis and the arytenoid cartilages.

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15
Q

What is the cricothyroid membrane also known as?

A

Conus Elasticus

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16
Q

What is located above the quadrangular membrane?

A

Aryepiglottic Fold

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17
Q

What is located below the quadrangular membrane?

A

False Vocal Cords (AKA Vestibular Ligaments)

18
Q

What does the upper border of the cricothyroid membrane form?

A

True Vocal Cords

19
Q

What is the space between the true vocal folds?

A

Rima Glottidis (Glottis)

20
Q

What is the rima vestibuli?

A

It is the space between the false vocal cords

21
Q

What are the muscles of the larynx?

A 
Cricothyroid
Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Transverse Arytenoid
Oblique Arytenoid
Thyroarytenoid and Vocalis
22
Q

What is the only abductor of the larynx?

A

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

23
Q

What muscle is involved in whispering?

A

Thyro-arytenoid

24
Q

Cricothyroid Innervation

A

External Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

25
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Innervation

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

26
Q

Lateral Cricoarytenoid Innervation

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

27
Q

Transverse Arytenoid Innervation

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

28
Q

Oblique Arytenoid Innervation

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

29
Q

Thyroarytenoid and Vocalis Innervation

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (branch of Vagus Nerve)

30
Q

What is the main action of the external laryngeal nerve?

A

Motor

31
Q

What is the main action of the internal laryngeal nerve?

A

Sensory

32
Q

Describe the blood supply of the larynx?

A

It is fed by the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries which are branches off of the superior and inferior thyroid artery respectively

33
Q

Removal of a foreign body from the piriform fossa may damage what nerve and result in what conditions?

A

It may damage the internal laryngeal nerve and lead to loss of sensation of the upper 1⁄2 of larynx

34
Q

Cricothyroid Action

A

Tensor

35
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Action

A

Abductor

36
Q

What are the adductors of the larynx?

A

Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Transverse Arytenoid
Oblique Arytenoid

37
Q

What are the relaxors of the larynx?

A

Thyroarytenoid

Vocalis

38
Q

What pharyngeal arch does the cricothyroid develop from?

A

Fourth Arch

39
Q

What pharyngeal arch do all of the larynx muscles except the cricothyroid develop from?

A

Sixth Arch

40
Q

What is the sensory innervation and blood supply of the upper part of the larynx?

A

Blood Supply: Superior Laryngeal Artery

Sensory Innervation: Internal Laryngeal Nerve

41
Q

What is the sensory innervation and blood supply of the lower part of the larynx?

A

Blood Supply: Inferior Laryngeal Artery

Sensory Innervation: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

42
Q

What is the trachealis muscle?

A

It is smooth muscle that bridges the gap between the spaces of the C-shaped cartilages in the trachea

Anatomy (41 decks)

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