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Anatomy > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

A muscular tube consisting of the rigid pharyngo-basilar fascia and the three overlapped constrictor muscles that are continuous with the esophagus

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2
Q

What are the external muscles of the pharynx?

A

Superior Constrictor
Middle Constrictor
Inferior Constrictor

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3
Q

What are the internal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

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4
Q

Superior Constrictor Origin

A

Origin: Pterygoid Plate and Pterygomandibular Raphe

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5
Q

Middle Constrictor Origin

A

Origin: Hyoid Bone and Stylohyoid Ligament

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6
Q

Inferior Constrictor Origin

A

Origin: Thyroid Cartilage and Cricoid Cartilage

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7
Q

Stylopharyngeus

A

Origin: Styloid Process

Insertion: Thyroid Cartilage

Innervation: Glossopharyngeal Nerve

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8
Q

Palatopharyngeus

A

Origin: Hard Palate

Insertion: Thyroid Cartilage

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

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9
Q

Salpingopharyngeus

A

Origin: Auditory Tube Cartilage

Insertion: Blends with the Palatopharyngeus to the Thyroid Cartilage

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

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10
Q

Tensor Veli Palatini

A

Origin: Pterygoid Plate

Insertion: Palatine Aponeurosis

Innervation: Mandibular Nerve (V-3)

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11
Q

Levator Veli Palatini

A

Origin: Temporal Bone

Insertion: Palatine Aponeurosis

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

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12
Q

What muscle does the buccinator join up with?

A

It joins the superior constrictor via the pterygomandibular raphe

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13
Q

What is the function of the tensor veli palatini?

A

Tenses the soft palate

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14
Q

What is the function of the levator veli palatini?

A

Elevates the soft palate

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15
Q

What is the function of the salpingopharyngeus?

A

Elevates pharynx and helps pressure equalize the middle ear

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16
Q

What is the function of the stylopharyngeus?

A

Elevates the pharynx and larynx and aids in swallowing

17
Q

What is the function of the palatopharyngeus?

A

Pulls pharynx and larynx upward

18
Q

What is the function of the constrictor muscles?

A

Swallowing

19
Q

What type of muscle is the esophagus made up of?

A

It is made up of both smooth and skeletal muscle

20
Q

What is the general innervation of the pharynx?

A

Vagus nerve innervates everything except the stylopharyngeus (done by CN IX) and tensor veli palatini (done by V-3)

21
Q

What runs over the hyoglossus?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

22
Q

What runs deep to the hyoglossus?

A

Lingual Artery

23
Q

What are the branches of the vagus nerve?

A

Superior Laryngeal Nerve
-External Laryngeal Nerve
-Internal Laryngeal Nerve
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

24
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

All of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid

25
Q

What structures penetrate the thyrohyoid membrane?

A

Superior Laryngeal Artery and Internal Laryngeal Nerve

26
Q

What is the difference between the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves?

A

The left recurrent laryngeal nerve recurs around the aorta while the right one recurs around the right subclavian artery

27
Q

Palatoglossus Innervation

A

Vagus Nerve (CN X) - It is the only glossus muscle that is not innervated by the Hypoglossus Nerve (CN XII)

28
Q

Describe the blood supply of the pharynx.

A

Ascending Pharyngeal off of the External Carotid

Ascending Palatine and Tonsillar off of the Facial

Descending Palatine off of the Maxillary

29
Q

What are the 3 sections of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

30
Q

Where is a place where food and other foreign objects often can get stuck?

A

Piriform Recess

31
Q

Superior Constrictor Insertion

A

Insertion: Pharyngeal Raphe

32
Q

Superior Constrictor Innervation

A

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

33
Q

Middle Constrictor Insertion

A

Insertion: Pharyngeal Raphe

34
Q

Middle Constrictor Innervation

A

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

35
Q

Inferior Constrictor Insertion

A

Insertion: Pharyngeal Raphe

36
Q

Inferior Constrictor Innervation

A

Innervation: Vagus Nerve

Anatomy (41 decks)

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