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Anatomy > Oral and Nasal Cavities > Flashcards

Oral and Nasal Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

What are parts of the nasal cavity?

A

Vestibule
Respiratory Region
Olfactory Region

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2
Q

What is the largest region of the nasal cavity?

A

Respiratory Region

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3
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A 
Nasal Bone
Maxilla
Lacrimal Bone
Ethmoid
Inferior Nasal Concha
Perpendicular plate of Palatine Bone
Medial Pterygoid Plate of Sphenoid Bone
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4
Q

What makes up the nasal septum (medial wall)?

A

Ethmoid
Vomer (inferior region of the septum)
Cartilaginous Septum

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5
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the orbit?

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

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6
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the nasopharynx?

A

Choanae

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7
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the paranasal sinus?

A

Meatal Openings

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8
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Cribriform Plate

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9
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Sphenopalatine Foramen

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10
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the oral cavity?

A

Incisive Canal

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11
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary Sinus
Ethmoidal Sinus
Frontal Sinus
Sphenoidal Sinus

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12
Q

What are nasal meatuses?

A

They are the corresponding space below each concha

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13
Q

What is the largest of the paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary Sinus

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14
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The maxillary sinus drains into the middle meatus by means of the semilunar hiatus.

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15
Q

Where does the ethmoidal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The anterior and middle sinuses drain into the middle meatus, through the semilunar hiatus and the ethmoid bulla, respectively. The posterior sinus drains into the superior meatus.

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16
Q

Where does the frontal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The frontal sinus drains into the middle meatus in a variable manner directly or by a frontonasal duct.

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17
Q

Where does the sphenoidal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The sphenoidal sinus drains into the spheno-ethmoidal recess superior to the superior concha.

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18
Q

What are the three main arteries supplying the nasal cavity?

A

Opthalmic Artery
Maxillary Artery
Facial Artery

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19
Q

What artery comes down the bridge of the nose?

A

Anterior Ethmoidal Artery

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20
Q

What is the blood supply of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Opthalmic Artery - branches of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Maxillary Artery - branches of the sphenopalatine artery

Facial Artery - lateral nasal branches

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21
Q

What is the blood supply of the nasal septum?

A

Opthalmic Artery - branches of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Maxillary Artery - branches of the sphenopalatine artery

Facial Artery - septal branch of the superior labial artery

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22
Q

What are the major contents of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

Terminal Third of Maxillary Artery

Maxillary Nerve (CN V-2)

Greater and Deep Petrosal Nerves

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23
Q

What makes up the roof of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Greater Wing of Sphenoid.

The Inferior Orbital Fissure is found here.

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24
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygomaxillary Fissure - maxillary artery runs through here and becomes the sphenopalatine artery

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25
Q

What makes up the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Palatine. And the Sphenopalatine Foramen is found there.

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26
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Posterior of the Maxilla

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27
Q

What makes up the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygoid Process and the Sphenoid. The Foramen Rotundum and Pterygoid Canal are found here.

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28
Q

What makes up the floor of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Maxilla and Sphenoid

The opening is the greater palatine foramen.

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29
Q

What runs through the sphenopalatine foramen?

A

Sphenopalatine Artery

Lateral Nasal Nerve

Nasopalatine Nerve

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30
Q

What runs through the palatine canals?

A

The greater and lesser palatine nerves and descending palatine artery run inferiorly from to hard palate through here.

This canal also gives off the pharyngeal nerve, which is sensory for the nasopharynx

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31
Q

What are the two regions of the oral cavity?

A

Vestibule

Oral Cavity Proper

32
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity proper?

A

Within the teeth line

33
Q

What is the boundary of the vestibule?

A

Anything outside of the teeth between the cheeks and the teeth

34
Q

What is the most common region where nosebleeds arise from?

A

Kiesselbach’s Area

35
Q

What are the foramina of the hard palate?

A

Incisive Canal
Greater Palatine Foramen
Lesser Palatine Foramen

36
Q

What runs through the incisive canal?

A

Nasopalatine Nerve

Descending Palatine Artery

37
Q

What runs through the greater palatine foramen?

A

Greater Palatine Nerve

Greater Palatine Artery

38
Q

What runs through the lesser palatine foramen?

A

Lesser Palatine Nerve

Lesser Palatine Artery

39
Q

What is the function of the greater palatine nerve?

A

Carries sensory nerves of the maxillary nerve and parasympathetics of the pterygopalatine ganglion and supplies sensory to the hard palate

40
Q

What is the function of the lesser palatine nerve?

A

Sensory to the soft palate.

It is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V-2)

41
Q

What is the blood supply of the hard palate?

A

Greater Palatine Artery (Maxillary Artery) and Incisive Artery

42
Q

What is the innervation of the hard palate?

A

Greater Palatine Nerve and Incisive Nerve

43
Q

What is the blood supply of the soft palate?

A

Lesser Palatine Artery (Maxillary Artery)

44
Q

What is the innervation of the soft palate?

A

Lesser Palatine Nerve

45
Q

Where is the palatine tonsil located?

A

It is located between the palatoglossus and the palatopharyngeus

46
Q

What are the muscles of the soft palate?

A 
Levator veli palatini 
Tensor veli palatini 
Palatoglossus 
Palatopharyngeus 
Musculus Uvulae
47
Q

What nerves supply the teeth of the upper palate?

A

Posterior, Middle and Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerves (Branches of Maxillary V-2)

48
Q

What nerves supply the mandibular teeth?

A

Inferior Alveolar Nerve

49
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Vertical
Transverse
Superior Longitudinal
Inferior Longitudinal

50
Q

What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

51
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus

52
Q

What innervates the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

All are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve except the palatoglossus which is done by the vagus nerve

53
Q

Vertical Muscle Function

A

Flattens tongue

54
Q

Transverse Muscle Function

A

Thickens tongue

55
Q

Superior Longitudinal Function

A

Shortens and curls the tongue upward

56
Q

Inferior Longitudinal Function

A

Shortens and curls tongue downward

57
Q

Genioglossus Function

A

Depresses and protrudes tongue

58
Q

Hyoglossus Function

A

Depresses and retracts tongue

59
Q

Styloglossus Function

A

Retracts tongue and raises sides to form trough for swallowing

60
Q

Palatoglossus Function

A

Elevates posterolateral surface of tongue

61
Q

What loops under the submandibular duct?

A

Lingual Nerve

62
Q

What runs beneath the hyoglossus?

A

Lingual Artery

63
Q

What supplies the motor component to the tongue?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

64
Q

What supplies the sensory component to the tongue?

A

Anterior 2/3: Lingual Nerve V-2 (sensory) and Chorda Tympani CN VII (taste)

Posterior 1/3: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (sensory and taste)

65
Q

Describe the blood supply of the tongue.

A

It is supplied by branches of the lingual artery.

Anterior 2/3: Deep Lingual Artery
Posterior 1/3: Dorsal Lingual Artery
Inferior and Lateral Oral Cavity: Sublingual Artery

66
Q

What is the ethmoidal bulla and what is its function?

A

It is a bulge in the lateral wall formed by the middle ethmoidal sinus and where the middle ethmoidal sinus empties out

67
Q

What is the largest of the 3 meatuses?

A

Inferior Meatus

68
Q

What drains into the superior meatus?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal Sinus

69
Q

What drains into the middle meatus?

A

Anterior Ethmoidal Sinus
Middle Ethmoidal Sinus
Frontal Sinus
Maxillary Sinus

70
Q

What drains into the inferior meatus?

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

71
Q

What is the torus tubarius?

A

An elevation at the base of the eustachian tube and is a cushion behind the pharyngeal orifice of the tube.

72
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?

A

Foramen Rotundum

73
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the infra temporal fossa?

A

Pterygomaxillary Fissure

74
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the orbit?

A

Inferior Orbital Fissure

75
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine Foramen

76
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the palate and oral cavity?

A

Palatine Canal

77
Q

How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasopharynx?

A

Pharyngeal Canal

Anatomy (41 decks)

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