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Oral and Nasal Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

What are parts of the nasal cavity?

A

Vestibule
Respiratory Region
Olfactory Region

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2
Q

What is the largest region of the nasal cavity?

A

Respiratory Region

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3
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A 
Nasal Bone
Maxilla
Lacrimal Bone
Ethmoid
Inferior Nasal Concha
Perpendicular plate of Palatine Bone
Medial Pterygoid Plate of Sphenoid Bone
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4
Q

What makes up the nasal septum (medial wall)?

A

Ethmoid
Vomer (inferior region of the septum)
Cartilaginous Septum

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5
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the orbit?

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

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6
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the nasopharynx?

A

Choanae

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7
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the paranasal sinus?

A

Meatal Openings

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8
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Cribriform Plate

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9
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Sphenopalatine Foramen

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10
Q

Through which opening does the nasal cavity communicate with the oral cavity?

A

Incisive Canal

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11
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary Sinus
Ethmoidal Sinus
Frontal Sinus
Sphenoidal Sinus

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12
Q

What are nasal meatuses?

A

They are the corresponding space below each concha

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13
Q

What is the largest of the paranasal sinuses?

A

Maxillary Sinus

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14
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The maxillary sinus drains into the middle meatus by means of the semilunar hiatus.

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15
Q

Where does the ethmoidal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The anterior and middle sinuses drain into the middle meatus, through the semilunar hiatus and the ethmoid bulla, respectively. The posterior sinus drains into the superior meatus.

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16
Q

Where does the frontal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The frontal sinus drains into the middle meatus in a variable manner directly or by a frontonasal duct.

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17
Q

Where does the sphenoidal sinus drain to and through what opening?

A

The sphenoidal sinus drains into the spheno-ethmoidal recess superior to the superior concha.

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18
Q

What are the three main arteries supplying the nasal cavity?

A

Opthalmic Artery
Maxillary Artery
Facial Artery

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19
Q

What artery comes down the bridge of the nose?

A

Anterior Ethmoidal Artery

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20
Q

What is the blood supply of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Opthalmic Artery - branches of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Maxillary Artery - branches of the sphenopalatine artery

Facial Artery - lateral nasal branches

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21
Q

What is the blood supply of the nasal septum?

A

Opthalmic Artery - branches of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

Maxillary Artery - branches of the sphenopalatine artery

Facial Artery - septal branch of the superior labial artery

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22
Q

What are the major contents of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

Terminal Third of Maxillary Artery

Maxillary Nerve (CN V-2)

Greater and Deep Petrosal Nerves

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23
Q

What makes up the roof of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Greater Wing of Sphenoid.

The Inferior Orbital Fissure is found here.

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24
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Pterygomaxillary Fissure - maxillary artery runs through here and becomes the sphenopalatine artery

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25
What makes up the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?
Palatine. And the Sphenopalatine Foramen is found there.
26
What makes up the anterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?
Posterior of the Maxilla
27
What makes up the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa?
Pterygoid Process and the Sphenoid. The Foramen Rotundum and Pterygoid Canal are found here.
28
What makes up the floor of the pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxilla and Sphenoid The opening is the greater palatine foramen.
29
What runs through the sphenopalatine foramen?
Sphenopalatine Artery Lateral Nasal Nerve Nasopalatine Nerve
30
What runs through the palatine canals?
The greater and lesser palatine nerves and descending palatine artery run inferiorly from to hard palate through here. This canal also gives off the pharyngeal nerve, which is sensory for the nasopharynx
31
What are the two regions of the oral cavity?
Vestibule | Oral Cavity Proper
32
What are the boundaries of the oral cavity proper?
Within the teeth line
33
What is the boundary of the vestibule?
Anything outside of the teeth between the cheeks and the teeth
34
What is the most common region where nosebleeds arise from?
Kiesselbach's Area
35
What are the foramina of the hard palate?
Incisive Canal Greater Palatine Foramen Lesser Palatine Foramen
36
What runs through the incisive canal?
Nasopalatine Nerve | Descending Palatine Artery
37
What runs through the greater palatine foramen?
Greater Palatine Nerve | Greater Palatine Artery
38
What runs through the lesser palatine foramen?
Lesser Palatine Nerve | Lesser Palatine Artery
39
What is the function of the greater palatine nerve?
Carries sensory nerves of the maxillary nerve and parasympathetics of the pterygopalatine ganglion and supplies sensory to the hard palate
40
What is the function of the lesser palatine nerve?
Sensory to the soft palate. It is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V-2)
41
What is the blood supply of the hard palate?
Greater Palatine Artery (Maxillary Artery) and Incisive Artery
42
What is the innervation of the hard palate?
Greater Palatine Nerve and Incisive Nerve
43
What is the blood supply of the soft palate?
Lesser Palatine Artery (Maxillary Artery)
44
What is the innervation of the soft palate?
Lesser Palatine Nerve
45
Where is the palatine tonsil located?
It is located between the palatoglossus and the palatopharyngeus
46
What are the muscles of the soft palate?
``` Levator veli palatini Tensor veli palatini Palatoglossus Palatopharyngeus Musculus Uvulae ```
47
What nerves supply the teeth of the upper palate?
Posterior, Middle and Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerves (Branches of Maxillary V-2)
48
What nerves supply the mandibular teeth?
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
49
What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Vertical Transverse Superior Longitudinal Inferior Longitudinal
50
What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
51
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Genioglossus Hyoglossus Styloglossus Palatoglossus
52
What innervates the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
All are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve except the palatoglossus which is done by the vagus nerve
53
Vertical Muscle Function
Flattens tongue
54
Transverse Muscle Function
Thickens tongue
55
Superior Longitudinal Function
Shortens and curls the tongue upward
56
Inferior Longitudinal Function
Shortens and curls tongue downward
57
Genioglossus Function
Depresses and protrudes tongue
58
Hyoglossus Function
Depresses and retracts tongue
59
Styloglossus Function
Retracts tongue and raises sides to form trough for swallowing
60
Palatoglossus Function
Elevates posterolateral surface of tongue
61
What loops under the submandibular duct?
Lingual Nerve
62
What runs beneath the hyoglossus?
Lingual Artery
63
What supplies the motor component to the tongue?
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
64
What supplies the sensory component to the tongue?
Anterior 2/3: Lingual Nerve V-2 (sensory) and Chorda Tympani CN VII (taste) Posterior 1/3: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (sensory and taste)
65
Describe the blood supply of the tongue.
It is supplied by branches of the lingual artery. Anterior 2/3: Deep Lingual Artery Posterior 1/3: Dorsal Lingual Artery Inferior and Lateral Oral Cavity: Sublingual Artery
66
What is the ethmoidal bulla and what is its function?
It is a bulge in the lateral wall formed by the middle ethmoidal sinus and where the middle ethmoidal sinus empties out
67
What is the largest of the 3 meatuses?
Inferior Meatus
68
What drains into the superior meatus?
Posterior Ethmoidal Sinus
69
What drains into the middle meatus?
Anterior Ethmoidal Sinus Middle Ethmoidal Sinus Frontal Sinus Maxillary Sinus
70
What drains into the inferior meatus?
Nasolacrimal Duct
71
What is the torus tubarius?
An elevation at the base of the eustachian tube and is a cushion behind the pharyngeal orifice of the tube.
72
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?
Foramen Rotundum
73
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the infra temporal fossa?
Pterygomaxillary Fissure
74
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the orbit?
Inferior Orbital Fissure
75
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine Foramen
76
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the palate and oral cavity?
Palatine Canal
77
How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasopharynx?
Pharyngeal Canal

Anatomy (41 decks)

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