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Anatomy > Anterior Leg and Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior Leg and Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior thigh?

A 
Sartorius
Quadriceps
-Rectus Femoris
-Vastus Medialis
-Vastus Intermedius
-Vastus Lateralis
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2
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh?

A 
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis
Obturator Externus
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3
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior thigh?

A

Biceps Femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

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4
Q

Where do the vastus muscles all originate from?

A

Femur

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5
Q

What muscle has an opening that allows the femoral artery to pass through?

A

Adductor Magnus

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6
Q

Describe the path of the sartorius.

A

It starts superior lateral and goes inferior medial

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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior: Inguinal Ligament
Medial: Medial Edge of Adductor Longus
Lateral: Sartorius
Floor: Iliopsoas, Pectineus, Adductor Longus

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8
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

Terminal Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes

NAVL

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9
Q

What are the flexors of the hip?

A 
Iliopsoas
Sartorius
Rectus Femoris
Pectineus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis
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10
Q

What are the adductors of the hip?

A 
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus
Obturator Externus
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11
Q

What are the extensors of the hip?

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Long Head of Biceps Femoris
Gluteus Maximus

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12
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the hip?

A 
Obturator Internus
Obturator Externus
Inferior Gemellus
Superior Gemellus
Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
Gluteus Maximus
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13
Q

What are the medial rotators of the hip?

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus
Tensor Fasciae Lata

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14
Q

What are the abductors of the hip?

A

Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Fascia Lata

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15
Q

What nerve is at the height of a car bumper?

A

Common Peroneal Nerve

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16
Q

What is the common peroneal nerve also known as?

A

Common Fibular Nerve

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17
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

Superior Lateral: Biceps Femoris
Superior Medial: Semimembranosus
Inferior Lateral: Lateral Gastrocnemius
Inferior Medial: Medial Gastrocnemius

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18
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A 
Tibial Nerve (Sciatic Branch)
Common Fibular Nerve (Sciatic Branch)
Popliteal Artery
Popliteal Vein
Obturator Nerve
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19
Q

What muscles are involved in the medial rotation of the knee?

A 
Popliteus
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Sartorius
Gracilis
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20
Q

What innervates the muscles of the anterior leg?

A

Deep Fibular Nerve

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21
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior leg?

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Fibularis Tertius

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22
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral leg?

A

Fibularis Longus

Fibularis Brevis

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23
Q

What innervates the muscles of the lateral leg?

A

Superficial Fibular Nerve

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24
Q

What is the main vessel of the posterior leg?

A

Posterior Tibial Artery

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25
Q

What is the main vessel of the anterior leg?

A

Anterior Tibial Artery (turns into the Dorsal Pedis)

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26
Q

What is the main vessel of the lateral leg?

A

Fibular (Peroneal) Artery

27
Q

What muscle inserts on the adductor tubercle of the femur?

A

Adductor Magnus

28
Q

What nerve mainly supplies the anterior thigh muscles?

A

Femoral Nerve

29
Q

What nerve mainly supplies posterior thigh muscles?

A

Sciatic Nerve

30
Q

What nerve mainly supplies the medial thigh?

A

Obturator Nerve

31
Q

What does the tibial nerve supply?

A

Posterior Leg and the Foot (through the medial and lateral plantar branches)

32
Q

What are the branches of the tibial nerve?

A

Medial Plantar Nerve

Lateral Plantar Nerve

33
Q

What muscles does the medial plantar nerve supply?

A

Medial 1st Lumbrical
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Flexor Hallucis Brevis

LAFF

34
Q

What muscles does the lateral plantar nerve supply?

A 
Lateral 3 Lumbricals
Adductor Hallucis
Quadratus Plantae
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Dorsal and Plantal Interossei
35
Q

What does the fibular nerve supply?

A

Anterior and Lateral Leg

36
Q

What are the branches of the fibular nerve?

A

Superficial Fibular Nerve

Deep Fibular Nerve

37
Q

What muscle groups does the superficial fibular nerve supply?

A

Muscles of eversion of the foot

38
Q

What muscle groups does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A

Muscles of dorsiflexion of the foot

39
Q

Describe the arterial supply of the thigh and the leg?

A

The femoral artery gives off the deep femoral and becomes the popliteal artery at the popliteal fossa.

The popliteal fossa divides at the end of the popliteal fossa into the anterior and posterior tibial artery.

40
Q

What are the branches of the anterior tibial artery?

A

It changes its name at the ankle to become the dorsalis pedis artery, which gives off the dorsal arch (superficial)

41
Q

What are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A

Fibular Artery - goes to the lateral compartment

It travels further and divides:

Lateral Plantar Artery: goes laterally and forms the plantar arch (deep) and it anastamoses with the dorsalis pedis

Medial Plantar Artery: goes medially towards the hallicis

42
Q

What are the main superficial veins of the lower extremity?

A

Great Saphenous Vein

Lesser Saphenous Vein

43
Q

Describe the path of the great saphenous vein.

A

It receives superficial dorsal veins and ascends anteromedially in the leg and passes behind the medial epicondyle of the femur and ascends anteromedially in the thigh, finally emptying in the femoral vein in the femoral triangle.

44
Q

Describe the path of the lesser saphenous vein.

A

It receives superficial plantar veins and ascends posterolaterally in the leg and joins the deep venous network in the popliteal fossa.

45
Q

What are the deep veins of the lower extremity?

A

The deep plantar arch drains into the posterior tibial vein, which drains to the popliteal vein. The popliteal vein ascends through the adductor hiatus into the femoral vein. The deep femoral vein will also drain into the femoral vein.

46
Q

What is the opening of the adductor magnus called?

A

Adductor Hiatus

47
Q

What is the deep fascia of the thigh?

A

It is a very strong external covering of the thigh

48
Q

What is the largest bone of the body?

A

Femur

49
Q

What is the longest muscle of the body?

A

Sartorius

50
Q

What are the four muscles of the quadriceps?

A
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Vastus Intermedius
  • Vastus Lateralis
51
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle that are in the femoral sheath?

A

Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Deep Inguinal Lymph Nodes

NOTE: Femoral Nerve is NOT in the femoral sheath.

52
Q

What is a branch of the femoral nerve that is given off in the femoral triangle?

A

Saphenous Nerve

53
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles of the medial thigh?

A

Obturator Nerve (Pectineus also gets Femoral Nerve)

54
Q

What is the largest and strongest of the adductor muscles in the medial thigh?

A

Adductor Magnus

55
Q

What is the weakest adductor of the medial thigh?

A

Gracilis

56
Q

Where does the obturator nerve enter the medial thigh from?

A

Obturator Canal

57
Q

What are the branches of the obturator nerve and where do they run?

A

Anterior Division: runs superficial to the adductor brevis

Posterior Division: runs deep to the adductor brevis

58
Q

What is the blood supply of the medial thigh?

A

Obturator Artery - it also goes through the obturator canal

59
Q

What are the three compartments of the leg?

A

Anterior
Lateral
Posterior

60
Q

What is the main nerve and action of the anterior compartment?

A

Deep Fibular Nerve

  • Dorsiflexion of foot
  • Extension of toes
61
Q

What is the main nerve and action of the lateral compartment?

A

Superficial Fibular Nerve

-Eversion of foot

62
Q

What is the main nerve and action of the posterior compartment?

A

Tibial Nerve

  • Plantar and toe flexion
  • Inversion of the foot
63
Q

What are the anterior leg muscles held in place by?

A

Superior and Inferior Retinacula

Anatomy (41 decks)

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