Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Perineum > Flashcards

Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the boundaries of the anal triangle.

A

Below the pelvic diaphragm, it is the posterior component if a line is drawn across from the ischial tuberosities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the pectinate line?

A

It divides the lower third and upper two-thirds of the anal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the arterial supply of the anal canal.

A

Above the pectinate line: Superior Rectal Artery

Below the pectinate line: Inferior Rectal Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the venous drainage of the anal canal.

A

Above the pectinate line: Superior Rectal Vein

Below the pectinate line: Inferior Rectal Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the innervation of the anal canal.

A

Somatic: Inferior Rectal Nerve

Autonomic: Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

External Anal Sphincter Innervation

A

Inferior Rectal Branch of Pudendal Nerve (S2-S4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Internal Anal Sphincter Innervation

A

Inferior Hypogastric Plexus (smooth muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ischiorectoral fossa?

A

It is a fat filled space lateral to the anal triangle which is used as dead space for the anus to expand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the other name for the pudendal canal?

A

Alcock Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the boundaries of the pudendal canal?

A

It is formed by the fascia of the obturator internus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the pudendal canal connect?

A

It connects the lesser sciatic foramen to the posterior perineal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the perineal body?

A

It lies at the front of the anal canal, and it is composed of interdigitating fibers of puboprostaticus/pubovaginalis, superficial external anal sphincter, and transverses perinea muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What runs through the pudendal canal?

A

Pudendal Nerve
Internal Pudendal Artery
Internal Pudendal Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the branches of the pudendal nerve?

A

Inferior Rectal Nerve
Perineal Nerve
Dorsal Nerve to Penis/Clitoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the contributions of the pudendal nerve?

A

S2, S3 and S4

S2, 3 , 4 keeps the junk off the floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the contributions of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2 and S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the significance of the pectinate line?

A

It marks the transition from the rectum to the anal canal

18
Q

What is the recto-uterine pouch and what is its significance?

A

In females, the recto-uterine pouch is the lowest point of the peritoneal cavity and it is important because it is a site where infection and fluids can collect.

19
Q

What are the other terms used for fallopian tube?

A

Oviduct

Uterine Tube

20
Q

What does Scarpa’s fascia continue as in the perineum?

A

Colles’ Fascia

21
Q

What two nerves the pudendal nerve divide into at the end of the anal triangle?

A

Perineal Nerve and the Dorsal Nerve of the Penis/Clitoris

22
Q

What are the main branches of the internal pudendal artery?

A

Inferior Rectal Artery
Perineal Artery
Dorsal Artery of Penis/Clitoris

23
Q

Where does the perineal artery come off of the pudendal artery?

A

It gives this branch off to the superior pouch and then continues to the deep pouch

24
Q

What is the perineal membrane also known as?

A

Inferior Fascia of the Urogenital Diaphragm

25
Q

Describe the general structure of the urogenital triangle?

A

It can be described as a sandwich of the perineal membrane with the superficial perineal pouch above it, and the deep perineal pouch below it.

26
Q

What are the main structures in the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Roots of the Penis/Clitoris

Muscles

27
Q

What do the roots of the penis/clitoris comprise of?

A

Bulb: Posterior Part of the Corpus Spongiosum
Crura: Posterior Part of the Corpora Cavernosa

28
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Ischiocavernosus Muscle
Bulbospongiosus Muscle
Superficial Transverse Perineal Muscle

29
Q

What is the action and innervation of the ischiocavernosus muscle?

A

It attaches to ischiopubic rami and surrounding the crura and contracts to compress venous outflow of penis.

It is innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve.

30
Q

What is the action and innervation of the bulbospongiosus muscle?

A

It surrounds the bulb, it acts to expel any remaining urine or semen in the urethra

It is innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve.

31
Q

What is the innervation of the superior transverse perineal muscle?

A

It is innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve.

32
Q

What is the main difference between the female and male urogenital triangle?

A

The female UG triangle has the bulb and the bulbospongiosus muscle split in two by the vagina

33
Q

What is the main nerve and blood supply of the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Perineal Nerve and Artery

34
Q

Describe the location of the deep perineal pouch.

A

It is the space between the perineal membrane and the deep fascia of the levator ani

35
Q

What structure that is only present in males lies in the deep pouch?

A

Bulbourethral Glands

36
Q

What are the bulbourethral glands also known as?

A

Cowper’s Glands

37
Q

What is the function of Cowper’s glands?

A

They produce pre-ejaculate

38
Q

What are the contents of the deep pouch?

A

Membranous Urethra - intermediate urethral component

Sphincter Urethra Muscle

Deep Transverse Perineal Muscle

Bulbourethral Glands (males)

39
Q

What innervates the muscles of the deep pouch?

A

Perineal Nerve (branch from the superficial pouch)

40
Q

What is the blood supply of the deep pouch?

A

Internal Pudendal Artery

41
Q

What are the branches of the internal pudendal artery in the deep pouch and what do they supply?

A

Muscular Branches: muscles

Artery to the Bulb: bulb

Deep Artery: coropora cavernosa

Dorsal Artery: penis/clitoris

42
Q

Where do the vestibular glands lie in the female?

A

Superficial Pouch

Anatomy (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions