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POL 310 Week 5 Final Paper Policy Challenges Presented by Environmental Problems
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POL 310 Week 5 Final Paper Policy Challenges Presented by Environmental Problems
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Focus of the Final Paper
Write a paper that addresses each of the following:
§ Choose an environmental problem that interests you from the list below:
o Loss of biodiversity
o Clean water
o Energy
o Solid and hazardous waste
o Public land use (Please note that climate change and air quality are not options for the Final Paper because students will write a short paper during Week Two which focuses on those policy areas.)
§ Identify the most significant challenges facing policymakers in resolving, identifying, and/or dealing with this problem. Your paper should reflect the knowledge that you have gained from this course.
§ Describe two different perspectives that contribute to our understanding of the environmental challenge that you have identified by evaluating the values and ethics that have contributed to the manifestation of the environmental problem.
§ Provide a policy recommendation concerning what you believe to be the best way to address the environmental problem through the policy process. Please note that your paper must address your chosen issue from a domestic policy process perspective. If there is an international component to your recommendation, you must include it, though the focus of this analysis must be from a domestic (United States) perspective. Similarly, if your recommendation includes local (city, county, state or regional) components, you must include them.
§ Critically and objectively analyze your recommendation, by identifying both the benefits and the drawbacks, and by evaluating the expected effectiveness of the recommended policy to address the problem (including the social and political problems associated with it). Please note that the paper must reflect an understanding of the legal environment and regulatory mechanism relevant to the policy area under consideration, as well as the important laws and institutions that have significantly affected the policy area of your choice.
The paper must be eight to ten pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style.
You must use at least five scholarly resources (at least three from the Online Library) other than the course text to support your claims and subclaims. Cite your resources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center, within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar, in your online course.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
- Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Writing Center.
- Must include a title page with the following:
a. Title of paper
b. Student’s name
c. Course name and number
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POL 310 Week 5 DQ 1 Hazardous Waste and International Environmental Policy
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POL 310 Week 5 DQ 1 Hazardous Waste and International Environmental Policy
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Consider the problem of the exportation of hazardous waste, such as e-waste, from wealthy countries to poor countries. How can domestic policy address this issue, when domestic policy applies to domestic issues, rather than being capable of governing other lands? What are the limitations of domestic policymaking as they relate to global environmental problems, and in particular, the problem of exporting hazardous waste? What can individual people do to influence policymaking in this context?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ response relating to what individual people can do to influence policymaking in the global or international context with your own.
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POL 310 Week 4 Quiz
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POL 310 Week 4 Quiz
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1. Strategies for managing e-waste safely include the following, except:
Combustion
State legislative efforts to manage e-waste
Consumer fees to pay for the expansion of e-waste recycling facilities
Expanding existing municipal waste services to accept e-waste
- This law targets abandoned hazardous waste sites for cleanup and establishes legal liability for remediation.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Toxic Substances Control Act
Electronic Waste Recycling Act
- Computer Manufacturing Company, Inc. intentionally designs its computer products to become non-useful five years after purchase. This is an example of:
e-waste.
planned obsolescence.
biomimicry.
I.S.O. 14000.
- A goal in managing municipal solid waste is to:
reduce emphasis on recycling.
increase landfill usage.
minimize toxicity.
eliminate the generation of solid waste.
- Big Corporation transports and stores hazardous waste for its clients, who generate that waste. Big Corporation itself does not generate the hazardous waste. Which of the following statements is true, pursuant to R.C.R.A.?
Big Corporation must obtain a permit from the generator of the hazardous waste.
Big Corporation is not permitted to store any hazardous waste for more than 30 days.
Big Corporation must track and report on its interaction with the hazardous waste.
Big Corporation is exempt from R.C.R.A. requirements, because it is not a generator of hazardous waste.
- The United Nations has pursued the following goals related to population growth and development, except:
universal education.
reduction of infant and child mortality.
strict policies to enforce fewer children per family.
access to reproductive services.
- Basic economic measures indicate that the standard of living in Honduras is below that of the United States. This is an example of the differences between the:
north and the south.
east and the west.
most developed countries.
least developed countries.
- According to the World Bank, an entity that is not affiliated with a state government, and pursues activities to relieve suffering, promotes the interests of the poor, protects the environment, provides basic social services, or undertakes community development is:
the modern state system.
a multilateral non-binding agreement.
a non-governmental organization.
an intergovernmental organization.
- British Petroleum, which is one of the world’s largest companies with facilities in many different countries, is an example of:
an intergovernmental organization.
a non-governmental organization.
a non-profit organization.
a transnational corporation.
- The 1992 Earth Summit:
was largely symbolic and failed to generate international interest.
had several measurable outcomes.
was attended by only the most developed countries.
did not address sustainability.
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POL 310 Week 4 DQ 2 Biodiversity, Extinction, and Making Choices in Policy
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POL 310 Week 4 DQ 2 Biodiversity, Extinction, and Making Choices in Policy
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Some people argue that since extinctions have always taken place, they should be considered a natural process and that the current extinction rates are not a matter of concern. Others point out that the preservation of biodiversity is essential to the continuation of life on Earth and that human actions have greatly accelerated the extinction rate. Should the policy process take into consideration all competing positions – even when those positions would result in opposite policy outcomes – when creating policy? Why or why not? If positions that resulted in opposite policy outcomes were reflected in our laws and policies, would those policies and laws be effective? Why or why not?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Do you agree with your classmates’ assessment of the effectiveness of laws and policies that reflect opposite positions on the matter? Why or why not?
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POL 310 Week 4 DQ 1 Land Management Policies and Habitat
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POL 310 Week 4 DQ 1 Land Management Policies and Habitat
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Consider land management agencies, and their associated statutes and policies in the USA. How do land management agencies, and their associated statutes and policies protect habitat, even if habitat protection is not their primary concern? Specifically compare the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management when answering this question.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ response relating to land management agencies’ roles in protecting habitat with your own. What points did you classmates raise that you did not consider? What points did you consider that are not reflected in your classmates’ postings?
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POL 310 Week 3 Quiz
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POL 310 Week 3 Quiz
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1. Pesticide from the landscape that contaminates the Chesapeake Bay is which type of pollution?
Run-off
Treated
effluent
Subsidence
Point source
- The Clean Water Act and its amendments do not address which of the following problems?
Regulating emissions of toxic materials into waterways
Treating water so that it is safe to drink
Providing funding to build new wastewater treatment
facilities Regulating industrial point-source pollution
- Water rights in Western states are granted under a scheme known as:
Riparian Rights.
Doctrine of Prior Appropriation.
Public Trust Doctrine.
Ambient-based Regulation.
- De-oxygenation of the water caused by agricultural run-off linked to algae growth is known as:
eutrophication.
sedimentation.
desalination.
chlorination.
- The 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act had all of the following goals, except:
immediately eliminate the discharge of toxic substances into bodies of water.
eventually eliminate all kinds of water pollution.
eventually eliminate the need for local wastewater treatment facilities.
ensure that surface waters would become safe for human swimming.
- Drilling for oil in the Alaskan Arctic National Wildlife Refuge would possibly result in the extraction of crude oil. If crude oil was successful extracted, this would:
create a refuge for the Porcupine caribou.
eliminate U.S. need for foreign oil.
prevent terrorist attacks on U.S. soil.
be sold on the world market.
- The following types of energy sources are fossil fuels, except:
coal.
biomass.
natural gas.
oil.
- Use of renewable energy, as compared with the use of fossil fuels, results in all of the following, except:
lower emissions of greenhouse gases.
reliable energy flow in all parts of the country.
less air pollution.
lower overall waste output.
- That the United States needs to develop a reliable domestic source of energy and eliminate reliance upon foreign suppliers was made apparent by:
the oil shocks.
the Industrial Revolution.
the post-World War II economic boom.
the Love Canal tragedy.
- The nuclear crisis in Fukushima illustrated all of the following challenges associated with nuclear power, except:
the continuous need for use of water during the operation of the plant.
the dwindling supply of intermittent energy sources.
safety concerns about the integrity of nuclear power plant structures in natural disasters.
the dangers of radioactive leakages.
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POL 310 Week 3 DQ 2 Energy
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POL 310 Week 3 DQ 2 Energy
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Identify three different renewable energy sources. Compare those sources from a policy and regulatory perspective to determine which of those sources will become the most significant source for renewable energy in 50 years. Explain why your choice will be the most significant renewable energy source. How do specific demands for energy (e.g., transportation, heating, electricity) affect your choice? From a policy and regulatory perspective, what do you think has to happen in order to make your choice a reality in 50 years?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ response relating to which renewable energy source they believe will be the most significant source for renewable energy in 50 years with your own thoughts on this issue. Have you focused on the same or different energy demands when formulating your responses? How does choice of focus for energy demands affect the answer to this question?
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POL 310 Week 3 DQ 1 Clean Water
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POL 310 Week 3 DQ 1 Clean Water
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From a policy-making perspective, compare the challenges associated with addressing water quantity versus water quality issues. Which is the more challenging problem to address by policy process? Discuss the limitations of the Clean Water Act in addressing both water quantity and water quality. Besides the Clean Water Act, which other policy mechanisms or regulatory measures can be implemented to address water quality and water quantity challenges? Do you think that policymaking can legitimately differ based upon social, cultural, or geographical perspectives, or do you think that there is one “right way” to approach environmental problems through policy and regulation?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ response relating to which policy mechanisms or regulatory measures can be implemented to address water quality and water quantity challenges with your own assessment of this issue. Do you think similarities or differences reflect similar or different perspectives from a social, cultural, or geographical perspective?
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POL 310 Week 3 Assignment Final Paper Draft
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POL 310 Week 3 Assignment Final Paper Draft
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Due by Day 7. Final Paper Draft. Review the Final Paper instructions in Week
Five of the online course or in the “Components of Course Evaluation” section of this guide.
Then, visit the Writing Center, within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar, in your online course. Review the “Sample: Outline.”
Format your outline for the Final Paper according to the “Sample: Outline.” (NOTE: In the “Sample: Outline,” it states that the thesis statement is the last one to three sentences of the introduction. However, the thesis statement must be one sentence in length and the last sentence of the introduction.)
The outline must contain:
a. Introduction with thesis statement
b. At least five body paragraphs
c. Conclusion
d. Reference page containing at least three academic resources, two of which are found in the Online Library
The paper must be two to three pages in length and formatted according to APA style. You must use at least three scholarly resources (at least two of which can be found in the Online Library) in addition to the textbook to support your claims and subclaims. Cite your resources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center, within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar, in your online course.
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POL 310 Week 2 Quiz
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POL 310 Week 2 Quiz
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1. The Copenhagen Accord is a:
political agreement.
legal treaty.
binding strategy.
market incentive.
- Carbon equivalency is a useful tool when discussing climate change because greenhouse gases other than carbon:
are not relevant to climate change.
can be translated into a common unit.
cannot be addressed by policy.
are impossible to identify.
- Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are examples of:
greenhouse gases.
carbon leakage.
carbon cycles.
carbon offsets.
- When a polluting company that seeks to avoid rigorous emissions standards relocates to a country with less rigorous standards, it is an example of:
offset policy.
emissions trading.
carbon leakage.
carbon neutral.
- Reforestation efforts to that seek to reduce concentrations of greenhouse gases by improving sinks is an example of:
scientific fallibility.
a positive feedback loop.
mitigation.
enteric fermentation.
- Dry deposition of acid rain:
is not air pollution.
does not harm plants and buildings.
harms plants and buildings.
vaporizes without causing harm.
- Ways to reduce vehicle emissions include all of the following, except:
use a different fuel.
change the way the engine operates.
develop technology that treats the waste stream before it becomes harmful emissions.
decrease fuel efficiency.
- According to the E.P.A., carbon dioxide is:
impossible to measure.
not capable of being regulated.
a threat to public health and welfare.
not a threat to public health and welfare.
- The N.A.A.Q.S. apply to all of the following, except:
outdoor air pollution.
indoor air pollution.
all areas of the country.
ambient air quality.
- The Clean Air Act requires states to work in conjunction with the federal government to develop a(n) ____to bring air quality into compliance with national standards.
C.A.F.E.
N.A.A.Q.S.
S.I.P.
T.R.I.
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POL 310 Week 2 DQ 2 Air Quality
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POL 310 Week 2 DQ 2 Air Quality
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Research and report (describe) what efforts are in place to manage air quality in your town and state. Remember to consider emissions testing regulations, air quality index use, and other components of air quality management. Which institutions, laws and regulations exist to manage air quality in your town and state? These may be local, state, or federal laws, regulations and institutions.
Consider the things you do in your everyday life that might contribute to air quality problems. How did you first become aware that your activities might contribute to air quality problems? Did you (or have you) done anything to alter your activities, so that your contribution to air quality problems is minimized?
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ responses relating to the things they do in their everyday lives that might contribute to air quality problems with your own activities related to this matter. Are they the same? Are they different? Which laws, regulations, or institutions have influenced your activities differently than your classmates and their activities? Which laws, regulations, or institutions have influenced your activities in a similar manner?
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POL 310 Week 2 DQ 1 Climate Change
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POL 310 Week 2 DQ 1 Climate Change
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Choose one of the following scientific organizations and review the research on climate change. Cite three specific facts that you learn about climate change. Does this information agree with what your local news station or newspaper is saying? Why or why not? Explain?
To what degree do you believe that individual activities – say, choosing to walk to work instead of driving – can have a measurable impact on a changing climate? Why? How do you think that scientific, political, ethical, social, and/or cultural perspectives have shaped your beliefs on this matter? Use the following required links:
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration – Climate Change: How Do We Know?
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – About
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – Reports
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s) and/or other scholarly resources, and properly cite any references. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. Compare and contrast your classmates’ response relating to whether an individual’s activities can have a measurable impact on a changing climate with your own beliefs. How are the forces that have shaped your classmates’ beliefs different from your own? How are they the same?
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POL 310 Week 2 Assignment Air Quality and Climate Change as Integrated Policy
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POL 310 Week 2 Assignment Air Quality and Climate Change as Integrated Policy
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1. Due by Day 7. Air Quality and Climate Change as Integrated Policy. Address each of the following questions:
a. Should air quality and climate change policies be developed through an integrated approach?
b. What are the benefits of an integrative approach to air quality and climate change?
c. What are the political, social, and scientific obstacles to realizing an integrative approach to air quality and climate change?
d. What are the problems with maintaining a compartmentalized or fragmented approach to climate change and to air quality?
e. Are policies related to individual behaviors effective in addressing changing climate? What about air quality?
The paper must be two to three pages in length and formatted according to APA style. You must use at least two scholarly resources (at least one of which can be found in the Online Library) in addition to the textbook to support your claims and subclaims.
Cite your resources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center, within the Learning Resources tab on the left navigation toolbar, in your online course.
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POL 310 Week 1 Quiz
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POL 310 Week 1 Quiz
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1. Aesthetic values are examples of which category of value?
Utilitarian
Judicial
Direct
Non-use
- The House and Senate are comprised of:committees and sub-committees.regulators and heads of agencies.the Cabinet and executive staff.the Vice President and gubernatorial members.
- Statutes are laws passed by:
the Legislative branch.
the Executive branch.
the Administrative agencies.
the Judiciary.
- The U.S. Senate is comprised of members based upon: census data
regarding population size.
equal representation of the states.
shifting demographics from election to election.
proportional relationships to the number of representatives per state.
- Which is the following is an example of an ecosystem service?
Water filtration
Landscaping services
Coal mining
Pollution abatement
- Trading pollution permits is an example of:market-based mechanisms.
privatization of resources.
community control of resources.
environmental justice.
- Environmental justice violations:
only occur accidentally.
are adequately addressed by existing law.
may cause the displacement of environmental damage across space or time.
are generally superficial and harmless to the environment.
- Characteristics of environmental policy include all of the following, except:
scientific uncertainty and risk.
greenwashing.
spatial and temporal mismatch.
externalities.
- Hallmarks of environmental policy-making include all of the following, except: (Points : 1)
managing risk.
subjective assessments.
scientific certainty.
cost-benefit analysis.
- According to the precautionary principle, we are ethically bound:
to ensure that businesses are not harmed by environmental policies.
to take no chances in the face of scientific uncertainty.
to be aggressive in the creation of environmental policy, even if the consequences of the policy cannot be reversed
to err on the side of cautiousness when facing scientific uncertainty with the possibility of environmental harm.
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POL 310 Week 1 DQ 2 Common Pool Resources – Privatization or Collective Action
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POL 310 Week 1 DQ 2 Common Pool Resources – Privatization or Collective Action
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Identify two common pool resources from the list below, one that seems to be best managed by privatization and another that seems to be best managed through collective action.
- International fisheries
- Aquifers
- Forests
- Atmosphere
- Oil
- Herds of elephants
- Ocean floor mineral deposits in international waters
Why does privatization work better for one, while collective action works better for the other?
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