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Year Two > Pleura > Flashcards

Pleura Flashcards

1
Q

The thin, smooth, glistening, delicate serous membrane which covers the lungs, lines the thorax walls and is a layer of mesothelial cells supported by connective tissue is called?

A

Pleura

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2
Q

The two layers of the pleura are?

A

Visceral pleura

Parietal pleura

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3
Q

The potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura is called?

A

Pleural cavity

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4
Q

The pleura that covers the internal surface of the thoracic cavity is?

A

Parietal pleura

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5
Q

The pleura that covers the lungs and extends into the interlobar fissures is called?

A

Visceral pleura

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6
Q

The visceral pleura is continuous with the the parietal pleura at the?

A

Hilum of each lung

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7
Q

The hilum of the lung is where?

A

Structures enter and leave the lung

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8
Q

The thicker pleura is the?

A

Parietal pleura

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9
Q

The parietal pleura is subdivided, based on?

A

The part of the body it is in contact with

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10
Q

Parietal pleura is split into _____ parts

A

4

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11
Q

Parietal pleura is split into _____ parts

A

4

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12
Q

The four divisions of parietal pleura are?

A

Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura
Mediastinal pleura
Cervical pleura

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13
Q

The four divisions of parietal pleura are?

A

Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura
Mediastinal pleura
Cervical pleura

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14
Q

The parietal pleura division that covers the lateral aspect of the mediastinum is called?

A

Mediastinal pleura

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15
Q

The central component of the thoracic cavity containing a number of organs is called?

A

Mediastinum

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16
Q

The parietal pleura division that lines the extension of the pleural cavity into the neck is called?

A

Cervical pleura

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17
Q

The parietal pleura division that covers the inner aspect of the ribs, costal cartilages and intercostal muscles is called?

A

Costal pleura

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18
Q

The parietal pleura division that covers the thoracic superior surface of the diaphragm is called?

A

Diaphragmatic pleura

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19
Q

The visceral pleura is also called the?

A

Pulmonary pleura

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20
Q

Visceral pleura is firmly ____ to the lung surface

A

Adherent

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21
Q

The inner surface of the thoracic wall is composed of?

A

Ribs
Costal cartilages
Intercostal spaces

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22
Q

The inner surface of the thoracic wall is composed of?

A

Ribs
Costal cartilages
Intercostal spaces

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23
Q

The costal pleura is loosely connected by a thin layer of loose areolar tissue called the?

A

Endothoracic fascia

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24
Q

The anterior relations of the costal pleura are?

A 
Sternum
Costal cartilages
Ribs
Intercostal muscles
Internal thoracic vessels within the 1st intercostal space
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25
Q

The posterior relations of the costal pleura are?

A

Sympathetic chain and its branches

Intercostal nerve in the middle of the costal pleura

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26
Q

During inspiration, the lower zone of the pleural cavity into which the lung enlarges is called the?

A

Costodiaphragmatic recess

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27
Q

Below the lower border of the lung, the costal and diaphragmatic pleurae are in _______ to each other in quite respiration

A

Apposition

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28
Q

In deep respiration, the the margins of the base of the lung __1__ and the costal and diaphragmatic pleurae __2__

A
  1. Decline

2. Split up

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29
Q

The mediastinal pleura creates the _____ of the mediastinum

A

Lateral boundary

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30
Q

The mediastinal pleura is represented as a ____ over the lung

A

Cuff

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31
Q

The cervical pleura is termed?

A

Cupola

32
Q

The cervical pleura covers the ____ of the lung

A

Apex

33
Q

The cervical pleura covers the ____ of the lung

A

Apex

34
Q

The cervical pleura is covered by the ______

A

Supra pleural membrane

35
Q

The cervical pleura extends into the __1__ about __2__ above the medial end of the clavicle and __3__ above the 1st costal cartilage

A
  1. Root of the neck
  2. 1 inch(2.5 cm)
  3. 2 inches(5 cm)
36
Q

The anterior connection of the cervical pleura is?

A

Subclavian artery and scalenus anterior muscle

37
Q

The posterior connection of the cervical pleura is?

A

Neck of the 1st rib and structures passing in front of it

38
Q

The lateral connection of the cervical pleura is?

A

Scalenus medius muscle

39
Q

The medial connection of the cervical pleura is?

A

Great vessels of the neck

40
Q

Eight relations of the cervical pleura are?

A 
The scalus anterior
The subclavian artery
The internal mammary artery
The costocervical trunk
Superior intercostal branch
The vagus nerve
The laryngeal branch
The ansa subclavia
41
Q

The ____ is located towards the lateral side of the recurrent nerve

A

ansa subclavia

42
Q

The cervical pleura’s ____ turns around the lower border of the artery

A

Laryngeal branch

43
Q

The ____ goes down on the right side in front of the medial part of the subclavian artery

A

Vagus nerve

44
Q

The _____ arcs towards the back from the subclavian and goes across the summit of the dome

A

Costocervical trunk

45
Q

The ____ goes downwards from the subclavian after it travels behind the innominate vein

A

Internal mammary artery

46
Q

The subclavian artery gives rise to the?

A

Vertebral artery

47
Q

The functions of the serous fluid found in the pleural cavity are?

A

To lubricate the surface of the pleurae, allowing them to slide over each other
To produce surface tension and pull the parietal and visceral pleura together
To ensure that when the thorax and lungs expand, the lungs fill with air

48
Q

The space in the pleural cavity where the opposing surfaces of the parietal pleura touch is called?

A

Pleural recesses

49
Q

The pleural recesses are found _____ in the pleural cavity

A

Anteriorly and posteroinferiorly

50
Q

What gives rise to the pleural recesses?

A

The lungs not completely filling the pleural cavity

51
Q

The two recesses present in each pleural cavity are?

A

Costodiaphragmatic

Costomediastinal

52
Q

The pleura recess located between the the costal and diaphragmatic pleurae is called?

A

Costodiaphragmatic

53
Q

The pleura recess located between the the costal and mediastinal pleurae, behind the sternum is called?

A

Costomediastinal

54
Q

The clinical importance of pleura recesses are?

A

They provide a location where fluid can collect

55
Q

A build-up of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest is called?

A

Pleural effusion

56
Q

Costodiaphragmatic pleural recess is along the _____ border of the lung

A

Inferior

57
Q

Costomediastinal pleural recess is along the _____ border of the lung

A

Superior

58
Q

The neurovascular supply of the parietal pleura is the?

A

Phrenic and intercostal nerves

59
Q

The blood supply of the parietal pleura is the?

A

Intercostal arteries

60
Q

The parietal pleura is sensitive to?

A

Pressure
Pain
Temperature

61
Q

The neurovascular supply of the visceral pleura is the?

A

Pulmonary plexus

62
Q

Pulmonary plexus is the?

A

Network of nerves derived from the sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve

63
Q

The blood supply of the parietal pleura is the?

A

Bronchial arteries

64
Q

Bronchial arteries are the ?

A

Branches of the descending aorta which also supply the parenchyma of the lungs

65
Q

The visceral pleura is sensitive only to?

A

Stretch

66
Q

A collapsed lung is also known as?

A

Pneumothorax

67
Q

A pneumothorax occurs as a result of air leaking into the?

A

pleural space

68
Q

Pneumothorax removes the __1__ of the serous fluid in the pleural cavity, reducing lung__2__

A
  1. Surface tension

2. Extension

69
Q

A pneumothorax that occurs without a specific cause is called?

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

70
Q

A pneumothorax that occurs as as a result of blunt or penetrating chest pain, such as rib fracture is called?

A

Traumatic pneumothorax

71
Q

Traumatic pneumothorax is treated through?

A

Decompression to remove the extra air in order for the collapsed lung to reinflate

72
Q

Decompression of a collapsed lung is achieved via insertion of a?

A

Chest drain

73
Q

Spontaneous pneumothorax is divided into?

A

Primary

Secondary

74
Q

The spontaneous pneumothorax type that has no underlying respiratory disease is called?

A

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax

75
Q

The spontaneous pneumothorax type that has an underlying respiratory disease is called?

A

Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax

76
Q

Symptoms of pneumothorax are?

A

Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Hyper resonance on the affected part during percussion

Year Two (27 decks)

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