Histology of Cartilage and Bone

Question 1

Four properties of cartilage are?

Answer 1

Modified connective tissue
Avascular (nutrients diffuse through matrix)
Resists compression
Perichondrium is rich in blood vessels

Question 2

Four properties of perichondrium are?

Answer 2

Composed of cells & matrix
Absent in fibrocartilage
Ensheaths the cartilage
Houses the blood vessels that nourish chondrocytes

Question 3

Three functions of chondroblasts are?

Answer 3

Chondrocytes progenitor
Lines border between perichondrium and matrix
Produce the intercellular matrix & collagen fibers

Question 4

Four properties of chondrocytes are?

Answer 4

Mature cartilage cell
Reside in space called the lacuna
Basophilic
Isogenous cell group

Question 5

Two functions of chondrocytes are?

Answer 5

Synthetically active, secrete matrix

Synthesize type II collagen, proteoglycans & chondronectin

Question 6

Territorial matrix surrounds the?

Answer 6

Lacuna

Question 7

Cartilage Matrix is divided into?

Answer 7

Fibers

Ground substance

Question 8

Cartilage fibers are?

Answer 8

Collagenous and elastic

Question 9

Cartilage ground substance is made up of?

Answer 9

Glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfates etc)
Proteoglycans
Water

Question 10

Cartilage matrix provides?

Answer 10

Rigidity
Elasticity
Resilience

Question 11

Cartilage matrix is?

Answer 11

Basophilic

Question 12

Cartilage matrix shows?

Answer 12

Territorial matrix(surrounds lacuna)
Interterritorial matrix

Question 13

Cartilage growth is divided into?

Answer 13

Interstitial

Appositional

Question 14

Interstitial cartilage growth is newly formed cartilage growing by?

Answer 14

Multiplication of cells throughout its substance

Question 15

Addition of new cartilage over the surface of existing cartilage is?

Answer 15

Appositional cartilage growth

Question 16

The types of cartilage are?

Answer 16

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrous

Question 17

Hyaline cartilage is found in?

Answer 17

Tracheal rings
Larynx
Nasal septum etc

Question 18

Hyaline cartilage matrix is composed of?

Answer 18

Collagen type II

Question 19

Hyaline cartilage cells are present singly or in groups of?

Answer 19

2 or 4 cells inside lacunae

Question 20

Hyaline cartilage ground substance is?

Answer 20

Homogeneous

Basophilic

Question 21

The function of hyaline cartilage is?

Answer 21

Supportive

Question 22

Elastic cartilage is found in?

Answer 22

Auricle
epiglottis
Auditory tube

Question 23

Elastic cartilage cells are ?

Answer 23

Larger
More numerous
Packed more closely

Question 24

Elastic cartilage matrix is composed of?

Answer 24

Elastic fibers

Collagen type II

Question 25

Elastic cartilage ground substance is rich in?

Answer 25

Elastic fibers

Question 26

The function of Elastic cartilage is?

Answer 26

Supportive with resilience

Question 27

Elastic fibers stain with?

Answer 27

Orcein

Question 28

Fibrocartilage is found in?

Answer 28

Intervertebral discs Pubic symphysis Articular disc of TM(temporomandibular) joint

Question 29

Fibrocartilage cells are?

Answer 29

Fewer Smaller Scattered singly not in rows

Question 30

Fibrocartilage matrix contains?

Answer 30

Collagen type I & II

Question 31

Fibrocartilage ground substance is?

Answer 31

Acidophilic

Question 32

The function of fibrocartilage is?

Answer 32

Supportive with tensile strength

Question 33

Two clinical correlates are?

Answer 33

Osteoarthritis | Pseudoachondroplasia

Question 34

Four properties of bones are?

Answer 34

Modified connective tissue Provide support & protection to vital organs Forms skeletal framework Highly vascularized & mineralized

Question 35

Bone is composed of?

Answer 35

Cells Fibers Ground substance

Question 36

Bone cells are?

Answer 36

Osteogenic cells Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteoclasts

Question 37

Bone fibers contain?

Answer 37

Collagen type I

Question 38

Bone ground substance contains

Answer 38

Proteoglycans | Glycoproteins

Question 39

Bone matrix is a mixture of___&____?

Answer 39

Organic(collagen) | Inorganic (calcium phosphate)

Question 40

90% of bone is?

Answer 40

Matrix

Question 41

10% of bone is

Answer 41

Osteocytes

Question 42

Rings around the central canal that also serve as sites of lacunae are called?

Answer 42

Lamellae

Question 43

Cavities containing osteocytes arranged in concentric rings is called?

Answer 43

Lacunae

Question 44

Tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacunae and form a transport system are called?

Answer 44

Canaliculi

Question 45

The morphofunctional unit of the bone is called?

Answer 45

Osteon or Haversian system

Question 46

The lamellar pattern of compact bone in order is?

Answer 46

Haversian system Interstitial lamellae Circumferential lamellae

Question 47

Clinical correlates are?

Answer 47

``` Scurvy Tickets Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Osteogenesis imperfecta ```

Question 48

What vitamin and mineral are essential for formation and maintenance of bones?

Answer 48

Vitamin D | Calcium

Question 49

The blood vessels and nerves go inside the bone through the?

Answer 49

Haversian canal or central canal

Question 50

Any of the small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and communicates with the haversian canals is called?

Answer 50

Volkmann's canals