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Year Two > Histology of Cartilage and Bone > Flashcards

Histology of Cartilage and Bone Flashcards

1
Q

Four properties of cartilage are?

A

Modified connective tissue
Avascular (nutrients diffuse through matrix)
Resists compression
Perichondrium is rich in blood vessels

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2
Q

Four properties of perichondrium are?

A

Composed of cells & matrix
Absent in fibrocartilage
Ensheaths the cartilage
Houses the blood vessels that nourish chondrocytes

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3
Q

Three functions of chondroblasts are?

A

Chondrocytes progenitor
Lines border between perichondrium and matrix
Produce the intercellular matrix & collagen fibers

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4
Q

Four properties of chondrocytes are?

A

Mature cartilage cell
Reside in space called the lacuna
Basophilic
Isogenous cell group

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5
Q

Two functions of chondrocytes are?

A

Synthetically active, secrete matrix

Synthesize type II collagen, proteoglycans & chondronectin

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6
Q

Territorial matrix surrounds the?

A

Lacuna

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7
Q

Cartilage Matrix is divided into?

A

Fibers

Ground substance

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8
Q

Cartilage fibers are?

A

Collagenous and elastic

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9
Q

Cartilage ground substance is made up of?

A

Glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfates etc)
Proteoglycans
Water

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10
Q

Cartilage matrix provides?

A

Rigidity
Elasticity
Resilience

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11
Q

Cartilage matrix is?

A

Basophilic

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12
Q

Cartilage matrix shows?

A 
Territorial matrix(surrounds lacuna)
Interterritorial matrix
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13
Q

Cartilage growth is divided into?

A

Interstitial

Appositional

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14
Q

Interstitial cartilage growth is newly formed cartilage growing by?

A

Multiplication of cells throughout its substance

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15
Q

Addition of new cartilage over the surface of existing cartilage is?

A

Appositional cartilage growth

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16
Q

The types of cartilage are?

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrous

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17
Q

Hyaline cartilage is found in?

A

Tracheal rings
Larynx
Nasal septum etc

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18
Q

Hyaline cartilage matrix is composed of?

A

Collagen type II

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19
Q

Hyaline cartilage cells are present singly or in groups of?

A

2 or 4 cells inside lacunae

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20
Q

Hyaline cartilage ground substance is?

A

Homogeneous

Basophilic

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21
Q

The function of hyaline cartilage is?

A

Supportive

22
Q

Elastic cartilage is found in?

A

Auricle
epiglottis
Auditory tube

23
Q

Elastic cartilage cells are ?

A

Larger
More numerous
Packed more closely

24
Q

Elastic cartilage matrix is composed of?

A

Elastic fibers

Collagen type II

25
Q

Elastic cartilage ground substance is rich in?

A

Elastic fibers

26
Q

The function of Elastic cartilage is?

A

Supportive with resilience

27
Q

Elastic fibers stain with?

28
Q

Fibrocartilage is found in?

A

Intervertebral discs
Pubic symphysis
Articular disc of TM(temporomandibular) joint

29
Q

Fibrocartilage cells are?

A

Fewer
Smaller
Scattered singly not in rows

30
Q

Fibrocartilage matrix contains?

A

Collagen type I & II

31
Q

Fibrocartilage ground substance is?

A

Acidophilic

32
Q

The function of fibrocartilage is?

A

Supportive with tensile strength

33
Q

Two clinical correlates are?

A

Osteoarthritis

Pseudoachondroplasia

34
Q

Four properties of bones are?

A

Modified connective tissue
Provide support & protection to vital organs
Forms skeletal framework
Highly vascularized & mineralized

35
Q

Bone is composed of?

A

Cells
Fibers
Ground substance

36
Q

Bone cells are?

A

Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts

37
Q

Bone fibers contain?

A

Collagen type I

38
Q

Bone ground substance contains

A

Proteoglycans

Glycoproteins

39
Q

Bone matrix is a mixture of___&____?

A

Organic(collagen)

Inorganic (calcium phosphate)

40
Q

90% of bone is?

41
Q

10% of bone is

A

Osteocytes

42
Q

Rings around the central canal that also serve as sites of lacunae are called?

43
Q

Cavities containing osteocytes arranged in concentric rings is called?

44
Q

Tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacunae and form a transport system are called?

A

Canaliculi

45
Q

The morphofunctional unit of the bone is called?

A

Osteon or Haversian system

46
Q

The lamellar pattern of compact bone in order is?

A

Haversian system
Interstitial lamellae
Circumferential lamellae

47
Q

Clinical correlates are?

A 
Scurvy
Tickets
Osteomalacia
Osteoporosis
Osteogenesis imperfecta
48
Q

What vitamin and mineral are essential for formation and maintenance of bones?

A

Vitamin D

Calcium

49
Q

The blood vessels and nerves go inside the bone through the?

A

Haversian canal or central canal

50
Q

Any of the small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and communicates with the haversian canals is called?

A

Volkmann’s canals

Year Two (27 decks)

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