Histology of Cartilage and Bone Flashcards
Four properties of cartilage are?
Modified connective tissue
Avascular (nutrients diffuse through matrix)
Resists compression
Perichondrium is rich in blood vessels
Four properties of perichondrium are?
Composed of cells & matrix
Absent in fibrocartilage
Ensheaths the cartilage
Houses the blood vessels that nourish chondrocytes
Three functions of chondroblasts are?
Chondrocytes progenitor
Lines border between perichondrium and matrix
Produce the intercellular matrix & collagen fibers
Four properties of chondrocytes are?
Mature cartilage cell
Reside in space called the lacuna
Basophilic
Isogenous cell group
Two functions of chondrocytes are?
Synthetically active, secrete matrix
Synthesize type II collagen, proteoglycans & chondronectin
Territorial matrix surrounds the?
Lacuna
Cartilage Matrix is divided into?
Fibers
Ground substance
Cartilage fibers are?
Collagenous and elastic
Cartilage ground substance is made up of?
Glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin sulfates etc)
Proteoglycans
Water
Cartilage matrix provides?
Rigidity
Elasticity
Resilience
Cartilage matrix is?
Basophilic
Cartilage matrix shows?
Territorial matrix(surrounds lacuna) Interterritorial matrix
Cartilage growth is divided into?
Interstitial
Appositional
Interstitial cartilage growth is newly formed cartilage growing by?
Multiplication of cells throughout its substance
Addition of new cartilage over the surface of existing cartilage is?
Appositional cartilage growth
The types of cartilage are?
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrous
Hyaline cartilage is found in?
Tracheal rings
Larynx
Nasal septum etc
Hyaline cartilage matrix is composed of?
Collagen type II
Hyaline cartilage cells are present singly or in groups of?
2 or 4 cells inside lacunae
Hyaline cartilage ground substance is?
Homogeneous
Basophilic
The function of hyaline cartilage is?
Supportive
Elastic cartilage is found in?
Auricle
epiglottis
Auditory tube
Elastic cartilage cells are ?
Larger
More numerous
Packed more closely
Elastic cartilage matrix is composed of?
Elastic fibers
Collagen type II
Elastic cartilage ground substance is rich in?
Elastic fibers
The function of Elastic cartilage is?
Supportive with resilience
Elastic fibers stain with?
Orcein
Fibrocartilage is found in?
Intervertebral discs
Pubic symphysis
Articular disc of TM(temporomandibular) joint
Fibrocartilage cells are?
Fewer
Smaller
Scattered singly not in rows
Fibrocartilage matrix contains?
Collagen type I & II
Fibrocartilage ground substance is?
Acidophilic
The function of fibrocartilage is?
Supportive with tensile strength
Two clinical correlates are?
Osteoarthritis
Pseudoachondroplasia
Four properties of bones are?
Modified connective tissue
Provide support & protection to vital organs
Forms skeletal framework
Highly vascularized & mineralized
Bone is composed of?
Cells
Fibers
Ground substance
Bone cells are?
Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Bone fibers contain?
Collagen type I
Bone ground substance contains
Proteoglycans
Glycoproteins
Bone matrix is a mixture of___&____?
Organic(collagen)
Inorganic (calcium phosphate)
90% of bone is?
Matrix
10% of bone is
Osteocytes
Rings around the central canal that also serve as sites of lacunae are called?
Lamellae
Cavities containing osteocytes arranged in concentric rings is called?
Lacunae
Tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacunae and form a transport system are called?
Canaliculi
The morphofunctional unit of the bone is called?
Osteon or Haversian system
The lamellar pattern of compact bone in order is?
Haversian system
Interstitial lamellae
Circumferential lamellae
Clinical correlates are?
Scurvy Tickets Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Osteogenesis imperfecta
What vitamin and mineral are essential for formation and maintenance of bones?
Vitamin D
Calcium
The blood vessels and nerves go inside the bone through the?
Haversian canal or central canal
Any of the small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and communicates with the haversian canals is called?
Volkmann’s canals
