Phys Lecture Quiz 7

Question 1

Stimulus for the activation of the RAAS system include which of the following?

Answer 1

Low blood pressure, low sodium concentration in the distal tubule of the kidney, and sympathetic nervous system activation.

Question 2

Calcium reabsorption in the _____________ is dependent on the hormone PTH.

Answer 2

distal convoluted tubule

Question 3

The characteristic yellow color of urine is from the presence of..WHAT….

Answer 3

urobilin

Question 4

Which ion is NOT directly regulated by the kidney?

Answer 4

OH-

Question 5

The Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus make up the___________

Answer 5

renal corpuscle

Question 6

The portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle is the

Answer 6

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 7

The myogenic response is the Intrinsic ability of vascular smooth muscle to respond to pressure changes.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

The segment of the nephron between the proximal and distal tubules that loops down into the medulla of the kidney and returns back to the cortex is called the____________.

Answer 8

Loop of Henle

Question 9

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by_____________

Answer 9

secondary active transport or proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 10

The amount of filtrate entering Bowman’s capsule each minute is the filtration fraction.

Answer 10

glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Question 11

The vasa recta are the long peritubular capillaries that dip into the medulla.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Place the following blood vessels that carry blood to and within the kidney in the order in which blood passes through them.
1. afferent arteriole
2. efferent arteriole
3. glomerulus
4. peritubular capillary

Answer 12

(1) afferent arteriole, (3) glomerulus, (2) efferent arteriole, (4) peritubular capillary.

Question 13

In a normal kidney, which condition would increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Answer 13

High blood pressure, increased blood flow to the kidneys, or dilation of the afferent arteriole.

Question 14

The Kidneys respond relatively quickly to changes in blood volume.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

The primary osmoreceptors are located in the___________.

Answer 15

hypothalamus

Question 16

When baroreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies sense increased blood pressure, this results in___________.

Answer 16

decreased secretion of aldosterone

Question 17

The ________ is a significant site of absorption of water and electrolytes, but NOT of nutrients.

Answer 17

large intestine

Question 18

Which is the sequence of layers from the lumen to the outer wall of the digestive tract?

Answer 18

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa

Question 19

A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is

Answer 19

Aldosterone (ALD)

Question 20

What is correct about Thirst?

Answer 20

primarily stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality or a decrease in blood volume and pressure.

Question 21

The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide increases aldosterone secretion.

Answer 21

false

Question 22

The enzyme renin is responsible for the production of..WHAT???

Answer 22

angiotensin I

Question 23

The most important factor affecting the pH of plasma is the concentration of______________________.

Answer 23

bicarbonate ions.

Question 24

Which is most likely to be observed in a patient with compensated respiratory alkalosis?

Answer 24

kidneys conserve bicarbonate

Question 25

Vomiting of the stomach’s contents can cause____________.

Answer 25

metabolic acidosis

Question 26

The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of H2O and CO2 to H2CO3 is called_________________

Answer 26

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 27

In a state of alkalosis, the neurons become hyperexcitable, and severe can lead to muscle tetanus.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

An explorer has been lost in the desert for two days with very little water. As a result, you would expect to observe________________

Answer 28

elevated vasopressin levels.

Question 29

In the body, 80% of all lymphocytes, a type of immune system cell, are thought to be present in the

Answer 29

True

Question 30

_________ is a type of motility that moves food down the GI tract.

Answer 30

Peristalsis.

Question 31

The enzyme that digests fats is ________.

Answer 31

Lipase.

Question 32

In response to the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), the pancreas secretes _________________

Answer 32

Enzyme-rich pancreatic juice.

Question 33

Chief cells secrete…WHAT

Answer 33

Pepsinogen

Question 34

Parietal cells secrete WHAT?

Answer 34

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Question 35

G cells of the stomach secrete..WHAT

Answer 35

Gastrin

Question 36

Mucus functions in…WHAT

Answer 36

Protects the stomach lining from acid and enzymes

Question 37

The gastric phase of digestion is triggered by the WHAT?

Answer 37

The presence of food in the stomach.

Question 38

The gastric content after the stomach has processed and produced semi-digested food, is called ________.

Answer 38

Chyme

Question 39

A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would__________________.

Answer 39

Inhibit the secretion of saliva, possibly leading to dry mouth and difficulty in swallowing.

Question 40

In response to the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), the pancreas secretes a fluid that contains bicarbonate. T/F

Answer 40

True