Phys Lecture Quiz 7 Flashcards
Stimulus for the activation of the RAAS system include which of the following?
Low blood pressure, low sodium concentration in the distal tubule of the kidney, and sympathetic nervous system activation.
Calcium reabsorption in the _____________ is dependent on the hormone PTH.
distal convoluted tubule
The characteristic yellow color of urine is from the presence of..WHAT….
urobilin
Which ion is NOT directly regulated by the kidney?
OH-
The Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus make up the___________
renal corpuscle
The portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle is the
proximal convoluted tubule
The myogenic response is the Intrinsic ability of vascular smooth muscle to respond to pressure changes.
True
The segment of the nephron between the proximal and distal tubules that loops down into the medulla of the kidney and returns back to the cortex is called the____________.
Loop of Henle
Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by_____________
secondary active transport or proximal convoluted tubule.
The amount of filtrate entering Bowman’s capsule each minute is the filtration fraction.
glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
The vasa recta are the long peritubular capillaries that dip into the medulla.
True
Place the following blood vessels that carry blood to and within the kidney in the order in which blood passes through them.
1. afferent arteriole
2. efferent arteriole
3. glomerulus
4. peritubular capillary
(1) afferent arteriole, (3) glomerulus, (2) efferent arteriole, (4) peritubular capillary.
In a normal kidney, which condition would increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
High blood pressure, increased blood flow to the kidneys, or dilation of the afferent arteriole.
The Kidneys respond relatively quickly to changes in blood volume.
True
The primary osmoreceptors are located in the___________.
hypothalamus
When baroreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies sense increased blood pressure, this results in___________.
decreased secretion of aldosterone
The ________ is a significant site of absorption of water and electrolytes, but NOT of nutrients.
large intestine
Which is the sequence of layers from the lumen to the outer wall of the digestive tract?
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa
A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is
Aldosterone (ALD)
What is correct about Thirst?
primarily stimulated by an increase in plasma osmolality or a decrease in blood volume and pressure.
The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide increases aldosterone secretion.
false
The enzyme renin is responsible for the production of..WHAT???
angiotensin I
The most important factor affecting the pH of plasma is the concentration of______________________.
bicarbonate ions.
Which is most likely to be observed in a patient with compensated respiratory alkalosis?
kidneys conserve bicarbonate
Vomiting of the stomach’s contents can cause____________.
metabolic acidosis
The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of H2O and CO2 to H2CO3 is called_________________
Carbonic anhydrase
In a state of alkalosis, the neurons become hyperexcitable, and severe can lead to muscle tetanus.
True
An explorer has been lost in the desert for two days with very little water. As a result, you would expect to observe________________
elevated vasopressin levels.
In the body, 80% of all lymphocytes, a type of immune system cell, are thought to be present in the
True
_________ is a type of motility that moves food down the GI tract.
Peristalsis.
The enzyme that digests fats is ________.
Lipase.
In response to the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), the pancreas secretes _________________
Enzyme-rich pancreatic juice.
Chief cells secrete…WHAT
Pepsinogen
Parietal cells secrete WHAT?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
G cells of the stomach secrete..WHAT
Gastrin
Mucus functions in…WHAT
Protects the stomach lining from acid and enzymes
The gastric phase of digestion is triggered by the WHAT?
The presence of food in the stomach.
The gastric content after the stomach has processed and produced semi-digested food, is called ________.
Chyme
A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would__________________.
Inhibit the secretion of saliva, possibly leading to dry mouth and difficulty in swallowing.
In response to the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK), the pancreas secretes a fluid that contains bicarbonate. T/F
True
