check your understanding week 7 for week 8 Flashcards
Individuals diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk for developing numerous complications of various organs because of
immune injury to basement membranes.
What type of fracture generally occurs in children?
Greenstick
Rheumatoid arthritis is commonly associated with the presence of rheumatoid factor autoantibodies in the bloodstream. This indicates that rheumatoid arthritis is likely to be
an autoimmune process.
The disorders characterized by softening and then enlargement of bones is referred to as
Paget disease.
A unique characteristic feature of fibromyalgia is the presence of
tender point pain.
A laboratory test result that helps confirm the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is
positive antinuclear antibodies.
Gouty arthritis is a complication of
inadequate renal excretion of uric acid.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rheumatic disease attributed to
autoimmune mechanisms.
Pain that waxes and wanes and is exacerbated by physical exertion is likely related to
fibromyalgia syndrome.
Compartment syndrome occurs secondary to
soft-tissue damage.
It is true that scleroderma involves
inflammation and fibrosis of connective tissue.
The final stage of gout, characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called
tophaceous gout.
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which
acetylcholine receptors are destroyed or dysfunctional.
Following a bone fracture, the most likely event to occur is
development of a blood clot beneath the periosteum.
In contrast to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis may be associated with
systemic aching in the musculoskeletal system.
A risk factor for osteoporosis is
early menopause.
Anticholinesterase inhibitors may be used to manage
myasthenia gravis.
Ankylosing spondylitis causes
intervertebral joint fusion.
Assessment of an extremity six hours after surgical alignment and casting demonstrates pulselessness and pallor. The priority action to take is to
initiate action to have the cast split or removed.
Most muscle strains are caused by
abnormal muscle contraction.
Which neurologic disorder is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig disease?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
A severe complication of elevated intracranial pressure is
brain herniation.
It is true that encephalitis is usually
because of a viral infection in brain cells.
It is true that Bell palsy is a
paralysis of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve.
In older women, osteoporosis is thought to be primarily because of
estrogen deficiency.
Steroids may be used in the management of acute exacerbation of symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis, because
demyelination is mediated by immune mechanisms.
Intracranial pressure normally ranges from ______ mm Hg.
0 to 15
Most sensory afferent pain fibers enter the spinal cord by way of the ________ nerve roots.
posterior
The most important preventive measure for hemorrhagic stroke is
blood pressure control.
An example of inappropriate treatment for head trauma would be
hypoventilation.
Referred pain may be perceived at some distance from the area of tissue injury, but generally felt
within the same dermatome.
A tool used to assess levels of consciousness is
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
________ occurs when a brainstem impaired patient exhibits a persistent rhythmic or jerky movement in one or both eyes.
Nystagmus
Which group of clinical findings indicates the poorest neurologic functioning?
Assumes decorticate posture with light touch, no verbal response
The physiologic mechanisms involved in the pain phenomenon are termed
nociception.
Modulation of pain signals is thought to be mediated by the release of
endorphins.
The stage of spinal shock that follows spinal cord injury is characterized by
absent spinal reflexes below the level of injury.
In the acute phase of stroke, treatment is focused on
stabilization of respiratory and cardiovascular function.
The gate control theory of pain transmission predicts that activity in touch receptors will
decrease pain signal transmission in the spinal cord.
The most important determinant for prescribing therapy for acute stroke is
ischemic versus hemorrhagic cause.
The chief pathologic features of osteoarthritis are
degeneration of articular cartilage, destruction of the bone under the cartilage, and thickening of the synovium.
The earliest manifestation of scleroderma is
Raynaud phenomenon.
“Please explain the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis to me,” says another nurse. “Is it just wear and tear so that the cartilage wears out?” Your best response is
“No; cells in bone, cartilage, and the synovial membrane all get activated and secrete inflammatory mediators that destroy cartilage and damage bone.”
