PATHO WEEK 5 CHECK FOR WEEK 6 Flashcards
The condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal aspect of the penis is known as
epispadias.
The most common types of uterine tumors are known as
leiomyomas.
The urinalysis finding most indicative of cystitis includes the presence of
bacteria.
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is caused by
absent or diminished levels of progesterone.
The most commonly ordered diagnostic test for evaluation of the urinary system is
ultrasonography.
The patient reports persistent pelvic pain and urinary frequency and urgency. She says the pain improves when she empties her bladder. She does not have a fever and her repeated urinalyses over the past months have been normal, although she has a history of frequent bladder infections. She also has a history of fibromyalgia and hypothyroidism. Based on her history and complaints, her symptoms are characteristic of
interstitial cystitis.
Endometriosis is a condition in which
ectopic endometrial tissue is present.
The prognosis of penile carcinoma depends upon the stage of the disease.
True
It is true that fibrocystic breast disease
may be exacerbated by methylxanthines.
A patient has ureteral colic. The manifestation that requires immediate notification of the physician is
chills and fever.
A patient being treated for acute tubular necrosis (ATN) develops mild polyuria. The nurse responds to questions about why this occurring by stating
“His renal tubules are recovering, so he is making more urine, but he is not able to concentrate urine well, because he is not fully recovered.”
Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called
overflow incontinence.
A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a
radical mastectomy.
Infection by ________ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis.
Candida albicans
A progressive decrease in the force of the urinary stream, dribbling of urine, and difficulty initiating the urinary stream are characteristic of
prostatic enlargement.
The microorganism that causes the vast majority of urinary tract infections is
Escherichia coli.
A patient, age 3, has vesicoureteral reflux. “Why does that make him have so many bladder infections?” asks his mother. The nurse’s best response is
“When he urinates, urine runs back toward his kidneys and then into the bladder again, making it easy for bacteria to grow if they reach the bladder.”
The greatest risk factor for bladder cancer is
smoking.
The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves.
True
Which group is at the highest risk for urinary tract infection?
Sexually active women
The major cause of glomerulonephritis is
immune system damage to the glomeruli.
The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is
serum creatinine.
The pain that accompanies kidney disorders is called
nephralgia.
The individual at highest risk of pyelonephritis who requires monitoring for signs of its occurrence is the
man who has chronic urinary tract infections.
The most common agent resulting in nephrotoxicity and subsequent acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in hospitalized patients is
contrast media.
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include
proteinuria.
One cause of an extrinsic renal system obstruction is
pelvic tumor.
The type of glomerulonephritis which is most likely to result in a swift decline in renal function that then progresses to acute kidney injury is
crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Glomerular disorders include
nephrotic syndrome.
The risk for contrast media–induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is highest in
a 70-year-old patient with heart failure.
Hyperlipidemia occurs in nephrotic syndrome because
hepatocytes synthesize excessive lipids.
The infection frequently associated with development of postinfectious acute glomerulonephritis is
throat infection.
The main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is
renal colic.
Prerenal acute kidney injury may be caused by
severe hypotension.
The patient most at risk for postrenal acute kidney injury is a(n)
elderly patient with hypertrophy of the prostate.
Which condition is caused by a genetic defect?
Polycystic kidney disease
A person with acute pyelonephritis would most typically experience
fever.
Scrotal pain in males and labial pain in females may accompany renal pain as a result of
associated dermatomes.
One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is
hypertension.
In patients with polycystic kidney disease, renal failure is expected to progress over time as the cystic process destroys more nephrons. At what point will a patient reach end-stage renal disease?
Greater than 90% nephron loss
Absence of menstruation is called
amenorrhea.
Hypotension is both a cause of chronic kidney disease and a result of chronic kidney disease.
False
A progressive decrease in the force of the urinary stream, dribbling of urine, and difficulty initiating the urinary stream are characteristic of
prostatic enlargement.
Sudden, severe testicular pain is indicative of
testicular torsion.
The defining characteristic of severe acute kidney injury is
oliguria.
The most common cause of urinary obstruction in male newborns and infants is urethral valves.
True
A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The procedure performed was a
radical mastectomy.
Phimosis is a disorder of the penis characterized by
inability to retract the foreskin.
