Antomy Midterm Flashcards
A ________ section is produced if the body is separated into superior and inferior portions.
Transverse
A ______ section through the umbilicus divides the human body into equal left and right portions.
midsagittal
A frontal (coronal) section is in a plane that ______.
divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
A passive process that involves the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _____.
diffusion
A person lying down in the anatomical position is said to be _______ when laying face up.
supine
Hormones are examples of ______ secretion.
endocrine
In anatomical position, a person stands with legs together and the feet flat on the floor. Additionally, the ________.
hands are at the sides , and the palms face anteriorly.
Processes involved in the movement of substances across a membrane at the expense of ATP, via exchange pumps, are classified as ________.
active transport
The epidermis is primarily composed of which type of epithelium?
stratified squamous
The major functions of the ______ system are temperature control and protection of the body from external environmental hazards.
integumentary
The protein-synthesizing organelles are the _______.
ribosomes
What is the term for the movement of water across selectively permeable membrane from a low solute concentration to a high solute concentration?
osmosis
Which structure produce black, yellow-brown, or brown pigment?
melonocytes
Which term means two or more layers?
stratified
______ are organelles that contain an unusual double-layered membrane, and functions in producing most of the ATP in the body.
Ribosomes
Label the components of the integumentary system
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Bones are located within a space in the temporal bone that provide the sense of hearing are called _____.
auditory ossicles
Which is a major function of the skeletal system?
support of the body
What is produced within red bone marrow?
blood cells
A bone cell that secretes the organic components of bone matrix is _______.
an osteoblast
A cartilaginous joint that permits slight movement is a ______.
symphysis
A joint that permits free movement is called _____.
a diarthrosis
Mature bone cells that maintain and monitor the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix are called _______.
osteocytes
Paranasal sinuses ______.
A. produce mucus
B. act as extension of and open into the nasal cavities
C. resonate during sound production
D. all of the above
D. All of the above
The depression that cradles and protects the pituitary glands is called the ______.
Sella Turcica
The division of the skeletal system include the ______.
axial and appendicular
The function of an osteoclast in osseous tissue is ______.
to dissolve old bone matrix and release amino acids and the stored calcium phosphate
The longest heaviest bone in the body is the ________.
Femur
The pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic girdle and lower limb bones make up the _______.
appendicular skeleton
The primary curves of the vertebral column are the ____.
thoracic and sacral
When seated, the body weight is borne by the ______.
ischial tuberosities
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- The skull bones are part of the ___________.
- Ethmoid
- Vomer
- Temporal
- Mandible
- Parietal
- Sphenoid
- Frontal
- Palatine
- Lacrimal
- Zygomatic
- Nasal
- Inferior Nasal Concha
- Maxilla
- Occipital
- axial skeleton
A plane that separates the body or structure into upper and lower parts is called a
a. sagittal plane b. transverse plane c. oblique plane d. frontal plane
b. transverse plane
A plane that separates the body into a front (anterior) and back (posterior) part is called a
a. sagittal plane b. transverse plane c. oblique plane d. frontal plane
d. frontal plane
A plane that separates the body or structure into right and left parts down the body’s midline is called a:
a. midsagittal plane b. median plane c. parasagittal plane d. answers a and b
d. answers a and b
A plane that separates the body into parts that are neither perfectly vertical nor horizontal is called a
a. oblique plane b. transverse plane c. coronal plane d. frontal plane
a. oblique plane
Which option below provides the best summary of the four types of body planes?
a. Two are vertical, one is horizontal, and one is any odd angle. b. Two are horizontal, one is vertical, and one is any odd angle. c. All planes are horizontal. d. All planes are vertical.
a. Two are vertical, one is horizontal, and one is any odd angle.
A plane that runs from top to bottom (vertical), dividing the body into unequal left and right parts is called a:
a. midsagittal plane b. median plane c. parasagittal plane d. coronal plane
c. parasagittal plane
Frontal planes are also called
a. coronal planes b. axial planes c. horizonal planes d. oblique planes
a. coronal planes
Transverse planes can also be called
a. horizontal planes b. coronal planes c. longitudinal planes d. oblique planes
a. horizontal planes
Which of the following is not a flat bone?
a. Scapula b. Sternum c. Mandible d. Frontal bone
c. Mandible
Which of the following is not a characteristic of long bones?
a. They are always long in length. b. They are longer than they are wide. c. They sometimes contain spongy bone at the ends. d. They are more numerous than any other bone type.
a. They are always long in length.
Anatomists classify the tarsals as what type of bone?
a. Long bone b. Short bone c. Irregular bone d. Sesamoid bone
b. Short bone
Which of the following is not an irregular bone?*
a. Vertebrae b. Sphenoid bone c. Hyoid bone d. Scapula bone
d. Scapula bone
What is a sesamoid bone?*
a. A short bone embedded in a tendon that has a sesame seed shape b. A bone that has an irregular shape c. A bone that is longer than it is wide. d. A bone that is found in the sutures of the skull.
a. A short bone embedded in a tendon that has a sesame seed shape
True or false: Sutural bones serve an important physical function.
a. True b. False
b. False
What type of bone is the radius bone?
a. Short bone b. Irregular bone c. Long bone d. Sesamoid bone
c. Long bone
Which of the following bones is a sesamoid bone type?
a. Triquetral bone b. Malleus bone c. Patella bone d. Calcaneus bone
c. Patella bone
Which of the following is a characteristic of a short bone?
a. It is generally going to be flat. b. It is going to be approximately as long as it is wide. c. They are most commonly found in the skull. d. It is the most common type of bone found in the body.
b. It is going to be approximately as long as it is wide.
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Which bone has a medial malleous?
Tibia
Which bone has a radial notch?
Ulna
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Extensors of the elbow include the _____.
triceps brachii and anconeous muscles
Knee extensors, known as the quadriceps femoris, include the ______.
three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle
The complex known as the triad consists of ______.
one transverse tubule and two terminal cisternae
The connective tissue surrounding a fascicle is called _______.
perimysium
The deepest lateral layer of the abdominal muscles is the_______.
transverse abdominis
The diaphragm muscle is inverted by ________.
the phrenic nerve
The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are________.
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
The muscles that form the rotator cuff include the _______.
tres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis
The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores _________.
calcium ions
The smallest functional unites of the muscle fibers are the _______.
sarcomeres
The structure within the muscle fiber that shorten to cause the skeletal muscle fiber contraction are the _______.
myofibrils
The trigeminal nerve controls which group of muscles?
muscles of mastication
Which muscles belong to the group known as “hamstrings”?
semitendious, semimembranous, and biceps femoris
Which muscle group is the most powerful muscle involved in the process of chewing and manipulating food in the mouth?
masseter
Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary?
Their contractions can be consciously controlled
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