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Pharm > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean for a drug to be classified by its action?

A

Therapeutic use

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2
Q

What does it mean for a drug to be classified by its molecular target?

A

Based on receptors or enzymes

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3
Q

Beta blockers block what?

A

Beta adrenergic receptors

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4
Q

What does it mean for a drug to be classified by its source?

A

Natural source of the drug

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5
Q

What does it mean for a drug to be classified by its chemical nature?

A

Broad chemical class (e.g. steroid)

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6
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: absorption

A

Pharmacokinetics

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7
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: distribution

A

Pharmacokinetics

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8
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: metabolism

A

Pharmacokinetics

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9
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: targets

A

pharmacodynamics

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10
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: receptor effects

A

pharmacodynamics

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11
Q

Pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics: elimination

A

Pharmacokinetics

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12
Q

What are the three characteristics of a drug receptor?

A
  • Recognize and bind other molecules
  • Propagate regulatory signals
  • Modulate ongoing cellular functions
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13
Q

Intracellular receptors bind what type of ligands (what type of chemicals)?

A

Lipophilic (e.g. steroids, thyroid hormones etc)

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14
Q

Intracellular receptors usually do what to change the cell?

A

Modulate gene expression

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15
Q

Receptors with enzymatic activity work how?

A

Extracellular bit binds to molecule, causes changes downstream

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16
Q

What type of receptor is the insulin receptor?

A

Tyrosine kinase (enzymatic)

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17
Q

Transforming growth factor beta receptors are what type of receptors?

A

Serine/theonine kinases (enzymatic)

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18
Q

CD45 receptor are what type of receptor?

A

Tyrosine phosphatases

19
Q

ANP are what type of receptors?

A

Guanylyl cyclases (enzymatic)

20
Q

What type of receptor are the nicotinic/Ach receptors?

A

ligand-gated ion channels

21
Q

The ligand-gated channels commonly serve as receptors for what two types of molecules?

A

Hormones, neurotransmitters

22
Q

7-membrane-spanning receptors’ N terminus is extracellular, or intracellular?

A

Extracellular

23
Q

7-membrane-spanning receptors are coupled to what protein?

A

G-coupled

24
Q

What is the MOA of receptors with intrinsic enzymatic activity?

A

Dimerization of receptor to create an enzyme

25
Q

Interleukin 3 receptor is of what type?

A

Receptor that associates with intracellular enzymes

26
Q

Erythropoietin receptor receptor is of what type?

A

Receptor that associates with intracellular enzymes

27
Q

Leptin receptor is of what type?

A

Receptor that associates with intracellular enzymes

28
Q

What are the G-coupled receptor?

A

AKA 7-transmembrane receptor

29
Q

B adrenergic receptor is of what type?

A

7TMR

30
Q

Rhodopsin receptors are of what type?

A

7TMRs

31
Q

Frizzled receptors are of what type?

A

7TMRs

32
Q

How are receptors regulated?

A

Number available to bind is either upregulated or downregulated

33
Q

Why is it important to taper drugs?

A

Upregulated/down regulated receptors could have very different effect if drug is not there.

34
Q

What is the equation for Kd?

A

Koff / Kon

[R][L]/[RL]

35
Q

What is Bmax?

A

Maximum binding of drug to receptors

36
Q

What does the Kd point represent?

A

Where half of receptors are bound, and half are free

37
Q

Why do we log the hyperbolic curve generated by Bmax plots?

A

Easier to find Kd and to compare two drugs

38
Q

What is the EC50?

A

Point where a drug is half of its maximal effectiveness

39
Q

What is a drug’s Emax?

A

concentration of maximal effectiveness

40
Q

What is potency?

A

a measurement of drug dose used to compare the relative affinity and effectiveness of two or more drugs.

41
Q

What is the numerical value used to compare the potency of two different drugs?

A

EC50

42
Q

What is efficacy?

A

the maximal effect a drug can induce (Emax)

43
Q

What is the numerical value used to compare the efficacy of two drugs?

A

Emax

44
Q

True or false: potency and efficacy are independent of one another.

A

True

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