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Pharm > Autonomics IV > Flashcards

Autonomics IV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of angiotensin?

A

Vasoconstriction

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2
Q

What is the role of aldosterone?

A

Decreases excretion of Na

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3
Q

What drive the increase in blood pressure from the kidneys: sympathetic or parasympathetic drive?

A

Sympathetic

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4
Q

True or false: if you use enough of a drug, selectivity will be lost

A

True

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5
Q

What are the three classifications of adrenergic receptor agonists?

A

direct acting
Mixed acting
Indirect acting

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6
Q

What is the MOA of direct acting adrenergic agonists?

A

Directly agonize the receptor

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7
Q

What are the three ways in which indirect acting adrenergic agonists increase the availability of NE, and epi?

A
  1. Release NE from nerves
  2. Block transport of NE into symp neurons
  3. Block metabolizing enzymes
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8
Q

What is the MOA of mixed adrenergic agonists?

A

Indirectly release NE and also directly activate receptors

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9
Q

What receptor does phenylephrine agonize?

A

Alpha 1

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10
Q

What receptor does clonidine act on?

A

Alpha 2

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11
Q

What receptors does terbutaline act on?

A

Beta 2

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12
Q

What receptor does fenoldopam work on?

A

D1

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13
Q

What receptors does isoproterenol work on?

A

Beta 1, 2

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14
Q

What are the receptors that dobutamine acts on?

A

beta 1, beta 2, alpha 1

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15
Q

What are the receptors that epinephrine acts on?

A

alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2

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16
Q

What are the receptors that NE acts on?

A

alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1

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17
Q

What are the receptors that dopamine acts on?

A

D1, D2, alpha

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18
Q

What are the receptors that ephedrine acts on?

A

alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2

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19
Q

Why aren’t selective or nonselective adrenergic agonists affected by reserpine or guanethidine?

A

Directly antagonize

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20
Q

What is the only mixed acting adrenergic drug discussed in class?

A

Ephedrine

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21
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: phenylephine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Direct

Selective

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22
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: ampmhetamine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

indirect

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23
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: clonidine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Direct

selective

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24
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: terbutaline. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

direct

selective

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25
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: fenolopam. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Direct

Selective

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26
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: cocaine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Indirect

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27
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: tyramine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

28
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: isoproterenol. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

direct

Non-selective

29
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: epinepherine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Direct

Non-selective

30
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: NE. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Direct

Non-selective

31
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: dopamine. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

A

Indirect

Non-selective

32
Q

True or false: mixed acting drugs are affected by prior treatment with reserpine

33
Q

True or false: indirect acting adrenergic drugs’ effects are completely abolished by prior treatment with reserpine

34
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: paragyline. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

35
Q

Direct acting or indirect acting: entacapone. If direct acting, is it selective or non selective?

36
Q

Wha is the MOA of amphetamine?

A

Cause release of adrenergic neurotransmitters

37
Q

Wha is the MOA of tyramine?

A

Cause release of adrenergic neurotransmitters

38
Q

Wha is the MOA of cocaine?

A

Inhibits the reuptake protein (NET1)

39
Q

What type of drug is pargyline?

A

indirect acting adrenergic MAOI

40
Q

What type of drug is entacapone?

A

indirect acting adrenergic MAOI

41
Q

What receptor does phenylephrine (neo-synephrine) work on? What does this cause/what is it used for?

A

alpha 1

Increased BP, TPR (treats hypotension)

42
Q

Why is phenylephinre used to treat paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?

A

Increased BP causes reflex bradycardia

43
Q

if using phenylephrine to cause mydriasis, will the eye still be able to accomodate? Why?

A

Yes, because M3 receptor still intact

44
Q

What is the receptor that alpha-methyldopa acts on?

45
Q

What is the receptor that apraclonidine acts on?

46
Q

What is the receptor that brimonidine acts on?

47
Q

What are the alpha 2 agonists like clonidine used for?

A

Lowers BP

Decrease aqueous humor production

48
Q

What is the receptor that metaproterenol acts on?

49
Q

What is the clincial use of beta 2 receptor agonists like metaproterenol (metaprel) and terbutaline (bricanyl)?

A

Long term treatment of obstructive airway disease

50
Q

Why isn’t metaproterenol used to treat asthma?

A

Not as good as albuterol beta 2 selection

51
Q

Which is a substrate for the enzyme COMT: metproterenol (metaprel) or terbutaline (bricanyl)?

A

metaproterenol

52
Q

What is the receptor that albuterol (ventolin, salbutamol) acts on?

53
Q

What is the receptor that ritodrine (yutopar) acts on? What is its therapeutic use?

A

beta 2

Uterine relaxant

54
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta 2 activation?

A

tachycardia

55
Q

What drugs should never be used in combination with beta 2 agonists?

56
Q

Why is there a decrease in serum K with the use of beta 2 agonists?

A

activate the uptake of K from blood into muscle

57
Q

True or false: all of the adverse effects of beta 2 agonists are less if administered via inhalation

58
Q

What is the receptor that fenoldopam (corlopam) acts on?

59
Q

What is the cinical use of fenoldopam (corlopam)?

A

HTN crises

60
Q

What are the receptor that isoproterenol (isuprel) acts on?

A

Beta 1, beta 2

61
Q

What is the clinical use of isorpterenol (isuprel)?

A

Decrease TPR,
Increase HR

(treat bradycardia)

62
Q

What are the receptors that dobutamie (dobutrex) stimulates?

A

Beta 1, alpha 1, beta 2

But mainly beta 1

63
Q

What is dobutamine used for?

A

Increases contraction of heart, without much increase in HR

64
Q

What are the adverse effects of dobutamine (dobutrex)?

A

Excessive increases in BP/HR

65
Q

How can dobutamine (dobutrex) worsen an MI?

A

Increase size d/t increase tissue demand for oxygen

Pharm (73 decks)

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