Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm > Antipsychotics > Flashcards

Antipsychotics Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychosis?

A

A variety of mental disorders with multiple causes and manifestations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Severe psychiatric disorders are characterized by what?

A

Delusion and hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: delusions/hallucinations

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: agitation

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: emotional apathy

A

Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: paranoia

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: socially withdrawn

A

Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: Intrusion of thoughts

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: inattentiveness

A

Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Positive or negative symptom of schizophrenia: aberrant thinking

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Schizophrenia is what type of disorder?

A

Neurodevelopmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Positive is a manifestation of abnormal behavior

Negative is absence of normal behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia?

A

Hyperactivity of the mesolimbic mesocortical DA system causes psychosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the MOA of many of the antipsychotic drugs?

A

Block D2 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the postmortem findings of a schizophrenia brain?

A

DA levels and D2 receptors density are increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is the dopamine theory of schizophrenia no perfect?

A

Cannot explain the cognitive impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the route of innervation from the hippocampus to the cortical regions?

A

Hippo to VT to cortical regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia? What leads credence to this theory?

A

Overactivation of 5HT2A receptors

Blocking these work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia? What leads credence to this theory?

A

Hypofunction of NMDA receptors can lead to hyperstimulation of cortical neurons

NMDA inhibitors can exacerbate symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are neuroleptics?

A

Subtype of antipsychotics that produce extrapyramidal side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the extra pyramidal symptoms?

A

Parkinsonian-like symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the typical vs atypical antipsychotics?

A 
Typical = older
Atypical = newer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the major change with atypical antipsychotics compared to typical?

A

Less extrapyramidal effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the four main therapeutic indications for antipsychotics?

A

Schizophrenia
Psychotic behaviors
Severe mania
Antiemetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the four typical antipsychotics?

A

Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the 6 atypical antipsychotics?

A 
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Aripiprazole
Quetiapine
Ziprasidone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the two aliphatic drugs?

A

Chlorpromazine

Promethazine

28
Q

What are the two piperidine drugs?

A

Thioridazine

Mesoridazine

29
Q

What are the two piperazine drugs?

A

Prochlorperazine

Fluphenazine

30
Q

What are the two thioxanthenes?

A

thiothixene

31
Q

What is the relative bioavailability of antipsychotics? Vd?

A

Low bioavailability

Large Vd

32
Q

Atypical antipsychotics are metabolized how?

A

CYP450 system in the liver

33
Q

What is the MOA of most typical antipsychotics?

A

Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonists

34
Q

What are the MOAs of atypical agents?

A

5HT-2A receptor and D2 receptor antagonists

35
Q

What is the relationship between D2 receptor affinity and potency of antipsychotics

A

Direct, and very strong fit

36
Q

What are the common side effects of antipsychotics and BP? Why?

A

Cause orthostatic hypotension by blocking alpha2

37
Q

Why is it important to block both dopamine and 5HT like the atypical antipsychotics do?

A

Stop the EPS

38
Q

What is the role of the limbic and neocortex system in schizophrenia?

A

Behavior and psychosis

39
Q

What is the role of the nigrostriatal system in schizophrenia?

A

Coordination of voluntary movement–blockage leads to EPS

40
Q

What is the role of the tuberoinfundibular zone?

A

Inhibition of prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary

41
Q

What is the role of the medullary periventricular area in schizophrenia?

A

Chemoreceptor zone that is involved in eating behavior

42
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia?

A

Involuntary movements of the tongue, mouth, face, and head

43
Q

What is episthotinus?

A

Spasm of the back

44
Q

What is akathisia?

A

Motor restlessness and anxiety

45
Q

What are the endocrine side effects of antipsychotics?

A

Hyperprolactinemia

Gynecomastia

46
Q

Why is weight gain associated with antipsychotics? What two antipsychotics are these symptoms associated with?

A

DA or H1 mechanism

Clozapine
Olanzapine

47
Q

What are the antihistamine effects with antipsychotics?

A

Sedation

Weight gain

48
Q

What are the anti-adrenergic effects with antipsychotics?

A

Postural hypotension
Reflex tachy
ED

49
Q

What are the DA mediated adverse effects of antipsychotics?

A

EPS
Hyperprolactinemia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

50
Q

What atypical agent is most strongly associated with EPS? least?

A

Risperidone = most

Clozapine and quetiapine

51
Q

What are the EPS risk factors with antipsychotics?

A

Rapid dose escalation

52
Q

Who usually gets that tardive dyskinesia with antipsychotics?

A

Older pts

53
Q

What antipsychotic drugs are strongly associated with weight gain?

A 
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Ziprasidone
54
Q

What are the reasons for pts to stop taking antipsychotics? (besides obvious)

A

Lack of disease insight
EPS
Sexual side effects

55
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: chlorpormazine

A

typical

56
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: clozapine

A

Atypical

57
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: olanzapine

A

Atypical

58
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: thioridazine

A

Typical

59
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: fluphenazine

A

typical

60
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: haloperidol

A

Typical

61
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: risperidone

A

Atypical

62
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: aripiprazole?

A

Atypical

63
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: Quetiapine

A

Atypical

64
Q

Typical or atypical antipsychotic: Ziprasidone

A

Atypical

65
Q

What are the three high potency typical antipsychotics?

A

Trifluoperazine
Fluphenazine
Haloperidol

66
Q

What are the two low potency typical antipsychotics?

A

Chlorpromazine

Thioridazine

67
Q

What is the major side effect with clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis

Pharm (73 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions