Introduction Flashcards
What are pharmacokinetics?
a division of pharmacology focused on processes that affect drug concentration in the body. These processes include absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination
What are pharmacodynamics?
on how a drug produces an effect
What is toxicology?
It focuses on the harmful effects of drugs and other chemicals and on the mechanisms by which toxic agents produce pathological changes
What is pharmacy?
the science and profession concerned with the preparation, storage, dispensing, and proper utilization of drug products
Which drug schedule: High abuse potential, no medical use
Schedule I
Which drug schedule: high abuse potential, have a medical use, potential for psychological and physical dependence
Schedule II
Which drug schedule: Less abuse potential, have a medical use, low potential for physical dependence, but high dependence for psychological dependence
Schedule III
Which drug schedule: have a medical use, little potential of dependence
Schedule Iv
Which drug schedule: have a medical use, limited dependence
Schedule V
What level of government decides who can prescribe drugs?
State level
What level of government decides which drugs are prescription vs not?
Federal level
All prescription drugs are controlled by what governmental body?
USFDA
Antihistamines should never be combined with what?
Alcohol, or other depressants
What is the active ingredient in dramamine?
Dimenhydrinate
What is the active ingredient in Benadryl?
Diphenhydramine
What are the three steps of drug development?
- Identification of a new drug
- Experimentation
- Clinical testing
What do toxicity studies investigate?
No effect dose
Minimum lethal dose
Effective dose
What is involved in phase I testing of a drug?
Safe dosing range with a small amount of pts
What is involved in phase II testing of a drug?
Testing the drug with a relatively small number of patients to determine if the drug actually works
What is involved in phase III testing of a drug?
Larger phase II to test statistical significance
What is involved in phase IV testing of a drug?
Continued monitoring during actual clinical use
What are the two contraindications to dopamine administration?
MAOIs
TCAs
What are the effects of dopamine at low, moderate, and high doses?
Diuresis
Tachycardia
HTN
What are the effects of epi at low, moderate, and high doses?
beta 1
***
What is the MOA of guanidine?
competes with NE for reuptake via NET1
Blocking H2 can result in what?
Hypotension
What is the indication for alvimopan?
Post op
What is the indication for methylnaltrexone?
Hospice pts on opioids
Which of the mu opioid agonist is laced with atropine
Diphenoxylate
What are the two receptors in the semicircular canals?
H1
M1
