Peritoneal Dialysis Flashcards
critical barrer for transport
peritoneal capillary
Aquaporin in peritoneum =AQP1
pet
REGRA DO 2 = 2L DE INFUSAO,GLICOSE 2,5 %
DOSAR 2 SUBSTANCIAS = GLICOSE E CREAT
COLETAR O DIALISATO D0, D2 E D4
BAIXO TRANSPORTADOR =BOA UF
ALTO TRANSPORTADOR = BOM CLEARANCE
o ALTO transportador a glicose se dissipa mto rapido e ai perde a capacidade de puxar liquido ai precisa trocar varias vezes a solucao
o CAPD q faz 4 trocas por dia é bom pra quem é baixo transportador, DPA é bom pra alto
D/P CREATININA relacao dialisato /plasma
D/P of 0.82-1.03 high transporter
D/P of 0.65-0.81 high average transporter
D/P of 0.5-0.64 low average transporter
D/P of 0.34 to 0.49 low transporter
4-8 weeks after initiation; Clinically stable and at least 1 month after resolution of an episode of peritonitis
duration of draining
20-30 mins
fill duration 5-10 mins
3-7 cycles 1.5-2L dwell over 9h at night
CCPD
incomplete drain of a portion of infused fluid before filling
Tidal PD
Target Kt/V in PD
1.7
ADEMEX
dose of cefazolin
LD 500 mg/L MD 125 mg/L
dose of vancomycin
LD 30 mg/kg MD 1.5 mg/kg/bag
Intraperitoneal vancomycin may be administered as 15 – 30 mg/kg body weight IP every 5-7 days for Intermittent use (per exchange, once daily). For continuous use (all exchanges) the recommendation is a loading dose of 1000mg/L plus a maintenance dose of 25mg/L
Since vancomycin absorption in the presence of peritonitis is closer to 90% no incremental dose is needed for sepsis. Generally, a dosing interval of 4 – 5 days will keep serum trough levels above 15 ug/mL but, in view of possible variability, it is best to obtain serum levels.
Systemic vancomycin administration might also be an option (Perit Dial Int 2004 24: 433–439).
dose of amikacin
LD 25 mg/L MD 12 mg/L
when to return to PD after peritonitis
2 weeks of catheter removal
bowel obstruction, encapsulation due to fibrosis, bloody ascites
encapsulating pertineal sclerosis
more important surface area
parietal
blood flow of peritoneum
50-100
sodium sieving only occurs at
ultrapores
greatest hydrostatic pressure in
sitting position
visceral peritoneum
80%
effective peritoneal surface area = peritoneal vascularity
Distributed Model
direction of external catheter
lateral and inferior
exit site in females below umbilicus
exit site in males above umbilicus
break in period
2-4 weeks
leakage at the skin exit site
pericatheter leak
most common cause of outflow failure
kinks
heparin to be placed when with fibrin
250-500 u/L
buffer in low gdp
bicarbonate
Adequate solute clearance, poor UF - transporter/pd modality
High transporter, APD
Inadequate solute clearance, very good UF - transporter/modality
Low transporter, capd
evaluation of suspected ultrafiltration faioure
Modified PET
evidence that peritoneal membrane has lost its capability to remove uf
net uf less than 400 ml
when to measure kt/V in pd
Within 1st month after initiation, atleast once q4 months, 1
month after peritonitis episode
target kt/V in pd
1.7/week
target uf in pd
Target UF of 1L per day
complicacoes
infecciosas dp
peritonite
purulent discharge +- erythema of skin ->exit site infection
clinical inflammation and ultrasonographic evidence tunnel infection
nao infecciosas= cateter sem fluxo, vazamento do cateter , dor na infusao ou drenagem
relacionado ao aumento da pressao intraabdominal= dor nas costas, hernia, hidrotorax
metabolica=
hipocalemia(GLICOSE) e sind metabolica
PERITONITE ESCLEROSANTE ENCAPSULADA A
erythema, edema and tenderness over the subcutaneous pathway of the catheter
Tunnel infection
exit site scoring system
swelling, crust, redness, pain, drainage
infection should be assumed with exit site score of
>=4
sufficient to indicate infection
purulent drainage