ITU, Pielonefrite E Bacteriúria Assintomática com imagens Flashcards
Epidemiologia da ITU:
Fatores de risco para ITU:
Qual é a principal malformação que se associa a ITU?
Qual é o principal agente etiológico da ITU?
Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause of acute complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Other uropathogens include other Enterobacterales (such as Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp), Pseudomonas, enterococci, and staphylococci (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus [MSSA] and methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA])
The prevalence of particular pathogens depends partially on the host.
As examples, Pseudomonas is more common in patients with health care exposures or instrumentation.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is an occasional cause of pyelonephritis in young, otherwise healthy women.
Como a E. Coli se adere a bexiga?
Principal agente etiológico causador de ITU em mulheres sexualmente ativas:
Como começa a ITU?
Definição de cistite:
Acute simple cystitis*
Acute UTI that is presumed to be confined to the bladder
Quadro clínico da cistite:
Symptoms and signs of cystitis include dysuria, urinary frequency and urgency, suprapubic pain, and hematuria. Patients with acute complicated UTI also have fever or other features of systemic illness (including chills, rigors, or marked fatigue or malaise beyond baseline), which suggest that infection has extended beyond the bladder.
Como é feito o Dx de cistite?
Quando solicitar urocultura em casos de cistite?
MDR: multi drogas resistente.
Tto de cistite:
Deve ser pedido nova urocultura após o Tto da ITU?
Quais são os resultados positivos para ITU?
Quero clínico da pielonefrite:
Symptoms and signs of pyelonephritis classically include fever, chills, flank pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, and nausea/vomiting [13]. Symptoms of cystitis are often but not universally present. Atypical symptoms have also been described, with some patients complaining of pain in the epigastrium or lower abdomen.
For men, the clinical spectrum of UTI includes prostatitis, which should be considered in men presenting with cystitis symptoms that are recurrent or are accompanied by pelvic or perineal pain.
Patients with acute complicated UTI can also present with bacteremia, sepsis, multiple organ system dysfunction, shock, and/or acute renal failure. This is more likely to occur in patients with urinary tract obstruction, recent urinary tract instrumentation, or other urinary tract abnormalities, and in patients who are older adults or have diabetes mellitus.
Acute pyelonephritis can also be complicated by progression of the upper urinary tract infection to renal corticomedullary abscess, perinephric abscess, emphysematous pyelonephritis, or papillary necrosis. Risk factors for such complications include urinary tract obstruction and diabetes mellitus (particularly for emphysematous pyelonephritis and papillary necrosis). (See “Renal and perinephric abscess” and “Emphysematous urinary tract infections”.)
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare variant of pyelonephritis in which there is massive destruction of the kidney by granulomatous tissue. Most cases occur in the setting of obstruction due to infected renal stones. Affected patients can present with weeks to months of insidious and nonspecific signs and symptoms, such as malaise, fatigue, nausea, or abdominal pain. This condition is discussed in detail elsewhere.
Como realizar o Dx de pielonefrite?
Quando realizar exame de imagem na pielonefrite?
Quando preferir Tc ou US na vigência de pielonefrite?
Quando indicar a internação hospitalar na pielonefrite?
Obs: crianças menores de 2/3 meses também.
Tto da pielonefrite:
Quais as 3 situações em que está indicado o rastreio e o Tto da bacteriúria assintomática?
Por quê não tratar todos com bacteriúria assintomática?
Como é feito o Dx de bacteriúria assintomática?
Situações que não deve ser indicado o rastreio da bacteriúria assintomática?